scholarly journals Influencia del micrositio y la exposición en la regeneración de bosques de Nothofagus pumilio afectados por Castor canadensis en Tierra del Fuego: un análisis exploratorio

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Toro Manríquez ◽  
Álvaro Promis ◽  
Alejandro Huertas Herrera ◽  
Guillermo Martínez Pastur
Keyword(s):  
Castor Canadensis ◽  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
Nothofagus Pumilio

scholarly journals Landscape Variables Influence over Active Restoration Strategies of Nothofagus Forests Degraded by Invasive Castor canadensis in Tierra del Fuego

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7541
Author(s):  
Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur ◽  
Juan M. Cellini ◽  
María V. Lencinas ◽  
Yamina M. Rosas ◽  
Jonathan J. Henn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Castor Canadensis ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Nothofagus Pumilio ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Passive Restoration ◽  
The Impact

North American beavers (Castor canadensis) are responsible for the major changes in the Tierra del Fuego Archipelago, altering riparian forests for the long-term. Passive restoration of the areas affected was ineffective in the medium-term (up to 20 years), being necessary active strategies. Plantations in abandoned ponds were made with Nothofagus pumilio and N. antarctica tree species across Tierra del Fuego island (Argentina). In the first experiment, we analysed the influence of biotic and abiotic factors in three micro-habitats in the impacted areas: front and tail of ponds, and cut not-flooded forest areas. Five-years-old N. pumilio seedlings had 39% survival in front, 21% in tails, and 46% in cut areas at year-3 of the restoration experiments, being negatively influenced by plant cover and soil moisture. Lower growth was recorded during year-1 (0.7–0.9 cm yr−1), but increased on time (1.9 cm yr−1 front, 1.6 cm yr−1 tail, 4.3 cm yr−1 cut areas). A second experiment explores the alternative to substitute the tree species to face the harder conditions of the impact and climate change. For this, we conducted a new plantation at four locations across the main bioclimatic zones, where 10–40 cm N. antarctica plants attained 17% survival in meadows (front and tail) and 30% in cut areas, being higher with larger than smaller plants (25% vs. 18%), and where they are mainly influenced by rainfall (4% in sites <400 mm yr−1 and 41% in >400 mm yr−1). The main damage was detected in the above-ground biomass due to dryness, but root survival allowed the emergence of new shoots in the following growing season. It is necessary to monitor different Nothofagus species across natural environments in the landscape to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of different strategies in restoration plans, considering the selection of climate-resilient tree species.

Four Centuries of Summer Temperature Changes in Tierra Del Fuego: Atmospheric Drivers and Tree-Ring Reconstruction From the Southernmost Forests of the World

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Matskovsky ◽  
Fidel A. Roig ◽  
Mauricio Fuentes ◽  
Irina Korneva ◽  
Diego Araneo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Temperature Reconstruction ◽  
Summer Temperature ◽  
Temperature Variability ◽  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
Climate Modelling ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Nothofagus Pumilio ◽  
The World

Abstract Proxy climate records, such as those derived from tree rings, are necessary to extend relatively short instrumental meteorological observations into the past. Tierra del Fuego is the most austral territory with forests in the world, situated close to the Antarctic Peninsula, which makes this region especially interesting for paleoclimatic research. However, high-quality, high-resolution summer temperature reconstruction are lacking in the region. In this study we used 63 tree-ring width chronologies of Nothofagus pumilio and Nothofagus betuloides and partial least squares regression (PLSR) to produce annually resolved December-to-February temperature reconstruction since AD 1600 which explains up to 65% of instrumental temperature variability. We also found that observed summer temperature variability in Tierra del Fuego is primarily driven by the fluctuations of atmospheric pressure systems both in the South Atlantic and South Pacific, while it is insignificantly correlated to major hemispheric modes: ENSO and SAM. This fact makes our reconstruction important for climate modelling experiments, as it represents specific regional variability. Our reconstruction can be used for direct comparison with model outputs to better understand model limitations or to tune a model or contribute to larger scale reconstructions based on paleoclimatic data assimilation. Moreover, we showed that PLSR has improved performance over principal component regression (PCR) in the case of multiple tree-ring predictors. According to these results, PLSR may be a preferable method over PCR for the use in automated tree-ring based reconstruction approaches, akin widely used point-by-point regression.

scholarly journals HISTORIA DEL BOSQUE EN EL CENTRO DE TIERRA DEL FUEGO, ARGENTINA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Lidia S. Burry ◽  
Matilde E. Trivi de Mandri
Keyword(s):  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
Nothofagus Pumilio

Nothofagus pumilio es la especie forestal nativa de mayor importancia en Tierra del Fuego ocupa un área de 214,000 ha, y es la principal fuente de madera. En este trabajo se aportan elementos para la reconstrucción de la historia del bosque de Nothofagus pumilio en el centro de la Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, extremo austral del continente americano. La reconstrucción se realizó mediante el análisis polínico de tres segmentos de una columna de sedimentos, proveniente de una turbera de Sphagnum. Los granos de polen se extrajeron con técnicas físicas y químicas; se determinaron, contaron y los datos porcentuales se trataron estadísticamente mediante un análisis de ordenación, para lo cual se usó el análisis de correspondencia (CA programme). Los cambios del contenido polínico a lo largo del perfil muestran variaciones de los parámetros ambientales durante el Holoceno, en relación con el cambio de estepa a bosque. Se demuestra que en el centro de la Isla entre ca 6,800 y 7,775±205 años AP hubo una estepa de gramíneas, que se transformó en un bosque abierto entre 2,340±35 y 2,755±45 años AP, y a partir de 1,725±35 años AP se desarrolló el bosque cerrado, presente en la actualidad. Se supone que estas variaciones se relacionan con el aumento en la precipitación. Las asincronías en el establecimiento del bosque en otros sitios de Tierra del Fuego se deben al gradiente de humedad de los vientos del sureste.

scholarly journals El bosque como fuente de combustible: análisis antracológico de los sitios de la faja central de la Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego

2020 ◽  
pp. 335-350
Author(s):  
Anna Franch Bach ◽  
M. Estela Mansur ◽  
Vanessa Parmigiani ◽  
Hernán H. De Angelis ◽  
M. Celina Alvarez Soncini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
Nothofagus Pumilio ◽  
Los Grupos

El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar el análisis antracológico de dos sitios de la faja central de la Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego (Cabo San Pablo 2017 y Kami 7) y discutir la utilización de recursos leñosos por parte de los grupos que habitaron el área durante el Holoceno tardío. Se aplicó una metodología de análisis antracológico estándar, que incluyó la identificación taxonómica, la evaluación de alteraciones en la estructura de los carbones y estimación del calibre original de los leños utilizados. Los resultados demuestran un énfasis en el uso combustible de taxa de la clase fitosociológica Nothofagetea pumilionis-antarcticae, siendo Nothofagus pumilio y N. antartica/betuloides los más abundantes. Se registra una preponderancia de carbones de grandes calibres, de madera colectada en buen estado y alteraciones que reflejan eventos de altas temperaturas de fogón. De los resultados se deduce un aprovechamiento intenso y variado de los bosques cercanos a los sitios.

Structural and functional changes in Nothofagus pumilio forests along an altitudinal gradient in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo D. Barrera ◽  
Jorge L. Frangi ◽  
Laura L. Richter ◽  
Marcelo H. Perdomo ◽  
Luis B. Pinedo
Keyword(s):  
Altitudinal Gradient ◽  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
Nothofagus Pumilio ◽  
Functional Changes

Understorey succession in Nothofagus forests in Tierra del Fuego (Argentina) affected by Castor canadensis

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Martínez Pastur ◽  
M.Vanessa Lencinas ◽  
Julio Escobar ◽  
Paula Quiroga ◽  
Laura Malmierca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Castor Canadensis ◽  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
Nothofagus Forests

Timber production of Nothofagus pumilio forests by a shelterwood system in Tierra del Fuego (Argentina)

2000 ◽  
Vol 134 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Martı́nez Pastur ◽  
J.M Cellini ◽  
P.L Peri ◽  
R.F Vukasovic ◽  
M.C Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
Timber Production ◽  
Nothofagus Pumilio

Nutrient cycling in Nothofagus pumilio forests along an altitudinal gradient in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina

2005 ◽  
Vol 217 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge L. Frangi ◽  
Marcelo D. Barrera ◽  
Laura L. Richter ◽  
Ariel E. Lugo
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Altitudinal Gradient ◽  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
Nothofagus Pumilio

scholarly journals Variable retention harvesting influences belowground plant-fungal interactions of Nothofagus pumilio seedlings in forests of southern Patagonia

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca E. Hewitt ◽  
Donald Lee Taylor ◽  
Teresa N. Hollingsworth ◽  
Christopher B. Anderson ◽  
Guillermo Martínez Pastur
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Nothofagus Pumilio ◽  
Variable Retention ◽  
Seedling Biomass ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Southern Patagonia

Background The post-harvest recovery and sustained productivity of Nothofagus pumilio forests in Tierra del Fuego may be affected by the abundance and composition of ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF). Timber harvesting alters EMF community structure in many managed forests, but the impacts of harvesting can vary with the management strategy. The implementation of variable retention (VR) management can maintain, increase, or decrease the diversity of many species, but the effects of VR on EMF in the forests of southern Patagonia have not been studied, nor has the role of EMF in the regeneration process of these forests. Methods We evaluated the effects of VR management on the EMF community associated with N. pumilio seedlings. We quantified the abundance, composition, and diversity of EMF across aggregate (AR) and dispersed (DR) retention sites within VR managed areas, and compared them to primary forest (PF) unmanaged stands. EMF assemblage and taxonomic identities were determined by ITS-rDNA sequencing of individual root tips sampled from 280 seedlings across three landscape replicates. To better understand seedling performance, we tested the relationships between EMF colonization, EMF taxonomic composition, seedling biomass, and VR treatment. Results The majority of EMF taxa were Basidiomycota belonging to the families Cortinariaceae (n = 29), Inocybaceae (n = 16), and Thelephoraceae (n = 8), which was in agreement with other studies of EMF diversity in Nothofagus forests. EMF richness and colonization was reduced in DR compared to AR and PF. Furthermore, EMF community composition was similar between AR and PF, but differed from the composition in DR. EMF community composition was correlated with seedling biomass and soil moisture. The presence of Peziza depressa was associated with higher seedling biomass and greater soil moisture, while Inocybe fibrillosibrunnea and Cortinarius amoenus were associated with reduced seedling biomass and lower soil moisture. Seedling biomass was more strongly related to retention type than EMF colonization, richness, or composition. Discussion Our results demonstrate reduced EMF attributes and altered composition in VR treatments relative to PF stands, with stronger impacts in DR compared to AR. This suggests that VR has the potential to improve the conservation status of managed stands by supporting native EMF in AR. Our results also demonstrate the complex linkages between retention treatments, fungal community composition, and tree growth at individual and stand scales.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document