scholarly journals Influence of planting methods on root development, crop productivity and water use efficiency in maize hybrids

2012 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad B. Khan ◽  
Farhan Yousaf ◽  
Mubshar Hussain ◽  
Muhammad W. Haq ◽  
Dong-J Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Use Efficiency

A comparative appraisal of urea super granule application in raised bed and prilled urea application in conventional planting for transplanted boro rice (Oryza sativa)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 822-832
Author(s):  
Halim Mahmud Bhuyan ◽  
Most. Razina Ferdousi ◽  
Mohammad Toufiq Iqbal ◽  
Ahmed Khairul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Deep Placement ◽  
Prilled Urea ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Boro Rice

Utilization of urea super granule (USG) with raised bed cultivation system for transplanted boro (winter, irrigated) rice production is a major concern now days. A field experiment was conducted in the chuadanga district of Bangladesh to compare the two cultivation methods: deep placement of USG on raised bed with boro rice, and prilled urea (PU) broadcasting in conventional planting. Results showed that USG in raised bed planting increased grain yields of transplanted boro rice by up to 18.18% over PU in conventional planting. Deep placement of USG in raised bed planting increased the number of panicle m-2, number of grains panicle-1 and 1000-grains weight of boro rice than the PU in conventional planting. Better plant growth was observed by deep placement of USG in raised bed planting compared to PU in conventional planting. Sterility percentage and weed infestation were lower on USG in raised bed planting compared to the PU in conventional planting methods. Forty seven percent irrigation water and application time could be saved by USG in raised bed planting than PU in conventional planting. Deep placement of USG in bed saved N fertilizer consumption over conventional planting. Water use efficiency for grain and biomass production was higher with deep placement of USG in bed planting than the PU broadcasting in conventional planting methods. Similarly, agronomic efficiency of N fertilizer by USG in bed planting was significantly higher than the PU broadcasting in conventional planting. This study concluded that deep placement of USG in raised bed planting for transplanted boro rice is a new approach to achieve fertilizer and water use efficiency as well as higher yield and less water input compared to existing agronomic practices in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Hybrid Influence on Water Use Efficiency in Unirrigated and Irrigated Maize in the Crişurilor Plain Condition

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana Maria BORZA
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Yield Gain ◽  
Use Efficiency

This paper analysed the maize hybrids from different FAO groups concerning the yield, water use efficiency in the moderate wet area of the Crisurilor Plain. The researches were carried out in the Agriculture Research and Development Station Oradea during 2006-2008 on a preluvosoil. The paper sustains the need of the maize hybrids choise both in unirrigated and irrigated conditions because the yields and water use efficiency are different in the 6 hybrids studied. Irrigation determined the yield gain very significant statistically in all the hybrids and the years. Irrigation determined the increase of the water use efficiency; exception was the earliest hybrid Ciclon.

scholarly journals Effects of Wheat streak mosaic virus on Root Development and Water-Use Efficiency of Hard Red Winter Wheat

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 766-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Price ◽  
F. Workneh ◽  
S. R. Evett ◽  
D. C. Jones ◽  
J. Arthur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Greenhouse and field studies were conducted to determine the effects of Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), a member of the family Potyviridae, on root development and water-use efficiency (WUE) of two hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars, one susceptible and one resistant to WSMV. In the greenhouse studies, wheat cultivars were grown under three water regimes of 30, 60, and 80% soil saturation capacity. After inoculation with WSMV, plants were grown for approximately 4 weeks and then harvested. Root and shoot weights were measured to determine the effect of the disease on biomass. In all water treatments, root biomass and WUE of inoculated susceptible plants were significantly less (P < 0.05) than those of the noninoculated control plants. However, in the resistant cultivar, significance was only found in the 30 and 60% treatments for root weight and WUE, respectively. Field studies were also conducted under three water regimes based on reference evapotranspiration rates. Significant reductions in forage, grain yield, and crop WUE were observed in the inoculated susceptible plots compared with the noninoculated plots. Both studies demonstrated that wheat streak mosaic reduces WUE, which is a major concern in the Texas Panhandle because of limited availability of water.

Maize Crop Production and Water Use Efficiency as Affected by Planting Methods

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shafiq ◽  
Iqbal Hassan . ◽  
Zahid Hussain .
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Use Efficiency

High crop productivity with high water use in winter and summer on the Liverpool Plains, eastern Australia

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Young ◽  
P.-J. Derham ◽  
F. X. Dunin ◽  
A. L. Bernardi ◽  
S. Harden
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
High Water ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Transpiration Efficiency ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Outflow ◽  
Almost All

We report exceptional productivity and associated water-use efficiency across seasons for commercial crops of rainfed spring wheat and grain sorghum growing on stored soil water in Vertosols on the Liverpool Plains, central-eastern Australia. Agreement between the independently measured terms of evapotranspiration (ET) and the soil water balance (in-crop rainfall + δsoil water) was achieved within acceptable uncertainty across almost all measurement intervals, to provide a reliable dataset for the analysis of growth and water-use relationships without the confounding influence of water outflow either overland or within the soil. Post-anthesis intrinsic transpiration efficiency (kc ) values of 4.7 and 7.2 Pa for wheat and sorghum, respectively, and grain yields of 8 and 7 t/ha from ET of 450 and 442 mm (1.8 and 1.6 g/m2.mm), clearly demonstrate the levels of productivity and water-use efficiency possible for well-managed crops within an intensive and productive response cropping sequence. The Vertosols in which the crops were grown enabled rapid and apparently unconstrained delivery of significant quantities of subsoil water (34% and 51% of total available) after anthesis, which enabled a doubling of pre-anthesis standing biomass and harvest indices of almost 50%. Durum wheat planted into only 0.30 m of moist soil and enduring lower than average seasonal rainfall, yielded less biomass and grain (2.3 t/ha) with lower water-use efficiency (0.95 g/m2.mm) but larger transpiration efficiency, probably due to reduced stomatal conductance. We argue that crop planting in response to stored soil water and management for high water-use efficiency to achieve high levels of average productivity of crop sequences over time can have a significant effect on both increased productivity and enhanced hydrological stability across alluvial landscapes.

scholarly journals Exploring possibilities of enhancing water use efficiency in potato: A review

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 836-845
Author(s):  
Rinki Khobra ◽  
Ashutosh Srivastava ◽  
Pinky Raigond ◽  
Alka Joshi ◽  
Som Dutt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Water Stress Tolerance ◽  
Agriculture Sustainability ◽  
Global Agriculture ◽  
Use Efficiency

Climate change threatens the global agriculture sustainability. Among different kinds of abiotic stresses, water stress is the most devastating component which curtails potato crop productivity. Our recent knowledge is limited concerning water stress tolerance and water use efficiency in potato. Many efforts are being made by the scientific community to reduce water use and to produce “more crop per drop”. This review elaborates quantitative and qualitative aspects of multiple stress mechanisms and their regulating system related to present scenario of water use efficiency (WUE) requirements. WUE can only be improved by using multidisciplinary promising research approaches like molecular breeding, high throughput genotyping, multi-gene transfer and bioinformatics applications to unleash the information needed to exploitation of required traits in potato.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF LASER LEVELING TECHNOLOGY ON WATER USE EFFICIENCY AND CROP PRODUCTIVITY IN THE COTTON –WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM IN SINDH

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-231
Author(s):  
Wajid Ali Shahani ◽  
Feng Kaiwen ◽  
Aslam Memon
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Moisture Distribution ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Use Efficiency

The crop productivity in Pakistan is very low as majority of the farmers are still practicing traditional farming techniques. The existing crop production technologies do not offer effective and efficient utilization of natural resources, particularly that of water. Moreover, a significant amount of irrigation water is wasted due to uneven fields and ditches. Unevenness of the soil surface also has a major impact on the germination, stand and yield of crops through nutrient water interaction and salt and soil moisture distribution pattern. Therefore, the water use efficiency along with yield per acre could be increase by adopting resource conservation technologies like laser leveling. A sample of 120 growers including 60 wheat growers and 60 cotton growers were selected from Mirpurkhas & Tando Allahyar districts of Sindh province of Pakistan. Study results revealed that about 21 percent irrigation water saved by the adoption of laser leveling technology and also obtained higher yield and profit margins comparatively. Study concluded that adoption of laser leveling technology helps in reducing the farm input costs, improve water use efficiency and enhance crop productivity.

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