scholarly journals Anti-drug antibodies

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemens Warnke ◽  
Christina Hermanrud ◽  
Malin Lundkvist ◽  
Anna Fogdell-Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Formation ◽  
Drug Target ◽  
Hemophilia A ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
Treatment Cessation ◽  
Target Interaction ◽  
Prediction And Prevention ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Patient Groups

Biological pharmaceuticals are increasingly used in modern medicine and give remarkable improvements for many different patient groups. Unfortunately, for several of these compounds, undesirable immune reactions are induced against the drug. The resulting anti-drug antibodies modify the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drug and, by blocking the drug-target interaction, reduce the effects of the treatment. Anti-drug antibodies may also increase the risk of hypersensitivity reactions by the formation of immune complexes. Furthermore, by cross-reacting with the endogenous homolog of the drug, the anti-drug antibodies might impair important physiological functions even after treatment cessation. As a consequence, anti-drug antibodies need to be taken in account when estimating the benefit-burden ratio of a treatment for an individual patient, but also when calculating the value of therapeutics on a socio-economic level. In this review we give an overview over the current understanding of the immunogenicity against drugs, exemplified for patients with hemophilia A, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn’s disease. We discuss known and potential risk factors for anti-drug antibody formation and finally outline suggested strategies for prediction and prevention.

scholarly journals D3Targets-2019-nCoV: A Web Server to Identify Potential Targets for Antivirals Against 2019-nCoV

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulong Shi ◽  
Xinben Zhang ◽  
Kaijie Mu ◽  
Cheng Peng ◽  
Zhengdan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Target ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Target Interaction ◽  
Human Proteins ◽  
Binding Pockets ◽  
Effective Drugs ◽  
Potential Drug Targets

<p>2019-nCoV has caused more than 560 deaths as of 6 February 2020 worldwide, mostly in China. Although there are no effective drugs approved, many clinical trials are incoming or ongoing in China which utilize traditional chinese medicine or modern medicine. Moreover, many groups are working on the cytopathic effect assay to fight against 2019-nCoV, which will result in compounds with good activity yet unknown targets. Identifying potential drug targets will be of great importance to understand the underlying mechanism of how the drug works. Here, we <a></a><a>compiled</a> the 3D structures of 17 2019-nCoV proteins and 3 related human proteins, which resulted in 208 binding pockets. Each submitted compound will be docked to these binding pockets by the docking software smina and the docking results will be presented in ascending order of compound-target interaction energy (kcal/mol). We hope the computational tool will shed some light on the potential drug target for the identified antivirals. D3Targets-2019-nCoV is available free of charge at https://www.d3pharma.com/D3Targets-2019-nCoV/D3Docking/index.php.</p>

scholarly journals D3Targets-2019-nCoV: A Web Server to Identify Potential Targets for Antivirals Against 2019-nCoV

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulong Shi ◽  
Xinben Zhang ◽  
Kaijie Mu ◽  
Cheng Peng ◽  
Zhengdan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Target ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Target Interaction ◽  
Human Proteins ◽  
Binding Pockets ◽  
Effective Drugs ◽  
Potential Drug Targets

<p>2019-nCoV has caused more than 560 deaths as of 6 February 2020 worldwide, mostly in China. Although there are no effective drugs approved, many clinical trials are incoming or ongoing in China which utilize traditional chinese medicine or modern medicine. Moreover, many groups are working on the cytopathic effect assay to fight against 2019-nCoV, which will result in compounds with good activity yet unknown targets. Identifying potential drug targets will be of great importance to understand the underlying mechanism of how the drug works. Here, we <a></a><a>compiled</a> the 3D structures of 17 2019-nCoV proteins and 3 related human proteins, which resulted in 208 binding pockets. Each submitted compound will be docked to these binding pockets by the docking software smina and the docking results will be presented in ascending order of compound-target interaction energy (kcal/mol). We hope the computational tool will shed some light on the potential drug target for the identified antivirals. D3Targets-2019-nCoV is available free of charge at https://www.d3pharma.com/D3Targets-2019-nCoV/D3Docking/index.php.</p>

Immunological Aspects of Recombinant Factor Vila (rFVIIa) in Clinical Use

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (02) ◽  
pp. 200-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Else Marie Nicolaisen ◽  
Lisbeth Lyng Hansen ◽  
Fritz Poulsen ◽  
Steven Glazer ◽  
Ulla Hedner
Keyword(s):  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Antibody Formation ◽  
Hemophilia A ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Foreign Protein ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Bleeding Disorders ◽  
Clotting Factors ◽  
Patient Groups

SummaryPatients, receiving rFVIIa for treatment of bleeding disorders, have been followed for specific antibody formation. No antibodies against FVII were demonstrated in 170 patients, with hemophilia, or with acquired inhibitors to clotting factors. Of 6 FVII-deficient patients, one overdosed patient developed antibodies to human FVII. There was no indication of de novo formation of antibodies to potential contaminating foreign protein, which could be correlated to the rFVIIa treatment. Except for the FVII-deficient population, which may represent a risk group, rFVIIa appears to be immunologically safe for use in patient groups with bleeding disorders, including hemophilia A and B patients.

Development of Peptides that Inhibit Aminoglycoside-Modifying Enzymes and β-Lactamases for Control of Resistant Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1011-1026
Author(s):  
Bruna O. Costa ◽  
Marlon H. Cardoso ◽  
Octávio L. Franco
Keyword(s):  
Drug Target ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Target Interaction ◽  
Multiresistant Bacteria ◽  
Acute Bacterial Infections

: Aminoglycosides and β-lactams are the most commonly used antimicrobial agents in clinical practice. This occurs because they are capable of acting in the treatment of acute bacterial infections. However, the effectiveness of antibiotics has been constantly threatened due to bacterial pathogens producing resistance enzymes. Among them, the aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs) and β-lactamase enzymes are the most frequently reported resistance mechanisms. AMEs can inactivate aminoglycosides by adding specific chemical molecules in the compound, whereas β-lactamases hydrolyze the β-lactams ring, preventing drug-target interaction. Thus, these enzymes provide a scenario of multidrug-resistance and a significant threat to public health at a global level. In response to this challenge, in recent decades, several studies have focused on the development of inhibitors that can restore aminoglycosides and β-lactams activity. In this context, peptides appear as a promising approach in the field of inhibitors for future antibacterial therapies, as multiresistant bacteria may be susceptible to these molecules. Therefore, this review focused on the most recent findings related to peptide-based inhibitors that act on AMEs and β-lactamases, and how these molecules could be used for future treatment strategies.

Entropy Model for Multiplex Drug-Target Interaction Endpoints of Drug Immunotoxicity

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1636-1649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esvieta Tenorio-Borroto ◽  
Xerardo Garcia-Mera ◽  
Claudia Penuelas-Rivas ◽  
Juan Vasquez-Chagoyan ◽  
Francisco Prado-Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Target ◽  
Entropy Model ◽  
Target Interaction
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