scholarly journals Obstructive sleep apnea knowledge and attitudes among recent medical graduates training in Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Chérrez-Ojeda ◽  
Juan Carlos Calderón ◽  
Andrea Fernández García ◽  
Donna B. Jeffe ◽  
Ilka Santoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical School ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Clinical Disorder ◽  
Medical Graduates ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Recent Graduates ◽  
Practicing Physicians

Background: We aimed to assess recent Latin American medical school graduates’ knowledge and attitudes about OSA and examine whether their knowledge and attitudes about OSA differed from practicing physicians. Methods: Recent medical graduates completed the Spanish translation of the OSA Knowledge and Attitudes (OSAKA) questionnaire at the 2013 national primary-care residency-placement meeting in Ecuador. The OSAKA includes 18 knowledge and five attitudinal items about OSA. We compared recent graduates’ data with data collected in 2010–2011 from practicing physicians using chi-square tests of associations among categorical variables and analysis of variance of differences in mean knowledge and attitude scores. Unadjusted logistic regression models tested the odds that recent graduates (vs. practicing physicians) answered each item correctly. Results: Of 265 recent graduates, 138 (52.1%) were male, and mean age was 25.9 years. Although mean knowledge was low overall, scores were lower for recent graduates than for the 367 practicing physicians (53.5% vs. 60.4%; p < 0.001). Practicing physicians were significantly more likely to answer specific items correctly with one exception—recent graduates were more likely to know that < 5 apneas-hypopneas/h is normal (OR 1.47, 1. 03–2.07). Physicians in practice attributed greater importance to OSA as clinical disorder and the need for identifying patients with OSA; but recent graduates reported greater confidence in managing patients with OSA and CPAP. Conclusions: OSA-focused educational interventions during medical school should help to improve recent medical graduates’ abilities to diagnose and treat OSA. We recommend a greater number of hours of medical students’ exposure to sleep education.

scholarly journals Obstructive sleep apnea knowledge and attitudes among recent medical graduates training in Ecuador

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Chérrez-Ojeda ◽  
Juan Carlos Calderón ◽  
Andrea Fernández García ◽  
Donna B. Jeffe ◽  
Ilka Santoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Medical Graduates ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

scholarly journals Comparing knowledge and attitudes to dementia care in Brazilian and UK GPs to guide future decisions about educational interventions

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Ferrari Jacinto ◽  
Adam Lee Gordon ◽  
Rajvinder Samra ◽  
Ana Beatriz Steiner ◽  
Vania Ferreira de Sá Mayoral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes

scholarly journals Medical education too: sexual harassment within the educational context of medicine – insights of undergraduates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Schoenefeld ◽  
Bernhard Marschall ◽  
Berit Paul ◽  
Helmut Ahrens ◽  
Janina Sensmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Medical School ◽  
International Association ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Medical Undergraduates

Abstract Background: Assessment of the presence and characteristics of sexual harassment in academic medicine is a global issue. Only limited international data are available so far. Methods: Aim: To assess the extent of sexual harassment and identify the perpetrators in the student population of the medical school of Münster, Germany. A survey was undertaken, using the Medical Women’s International Association sexual harassment questionnaire translated into German. The anonymous online questionnaire was sent as a link to all medical undergraduates at Münster Medical School via a mailing list between 1 October and 30 November 2018. Identifying or potentially identifying data were not collected. Data were analysed by descriptive statistical methods such as categorical variables. Baseline characteristics, e.g. answers by male or female medical students, were correlated with their individual sexual harassment experiences and perpetrator groups by means of univariate analysis. Results: A total of 2162 medical students were asked to participate, with 623 (28.8%) completing the survey. Sexual harassment is a significant issue among medical students at Münster Medical School with over half (58.9%) of all undergraduates being exposed to sexually harassing behaviour. In total, 31.8% of all participants reported having experienced unwanted physical sexual contact such as unwanted physical touching, with 87.6% of the victims being female. Overall, 41.3% personally experienced verbal sexual harassment of which 87.4% were female. Furthermore, 8.5% of undergraduates faced forced sexual contact such as oral, anal or vaginal penetration, intercourse and rape, with all victims being female. Perpetrators in these cases were mostly male medical superiors (7.0%) and male patients (18.3%). In general, most perpetrators were patients, followed by medical superiors and educators, and less frequently by colleagues. Conclusions: Sexual harassment in medical education and the medical workplace is a significant problem in a German medical school. Most students experiencing sexual harassment are females. Female students also experience the more serious forms of sexual harassment more often.

scholarly journals The Factors that Determine Reproductive Health Characteristics of Adolescents in Serbia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Gordana Djordjevic ◽  
Snezana Radovanovic ◽  
Nela Djonovic ◽  
Svetlana Radevic ◽  
Dragan Vasiljevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Type Region ◽  
First Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Settlement Type ◽  
The Republic

Abstract The aim of the work is to assess vulnerability degree of reproductive health in adolescent population in Serbia by analyzing their sexual behavior. The paper is based on data from a National health survey of the population in Serbia in 2013 (without Kosovo and Metohija region), conducted by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Serbia. For the purposes of this study, the data used are referred to households and population of age 15 and over, so that the final number for analysis is a sample of 1722 respondents aged 15-24. The study included demographic characteristics of respondents (age, gender, settlement type, region) and the characteristics of reproductive health: sexual behavior, use of contraceptive protection, knowledge and attitudes towards HIV, protection of reproductive health. χ2 test was applied for testing differences in frequency of categorical variables. All results with a probability that equals to or is less than 5% (p≤0.05) are considered statistically significant. Among the respondents, there were more than half (53.5%) of sexually active adolescents. The highest percentage of them- 16.6% responded that they had first sexual intercourse at the age of 17. 53.4% of adolescents had sexual intercourse with one partner, 26.4% of respondents had sexual intercourse with two or more partners. The most commonly used contraceptive method was interrupted intercourse (coitus interruptus) with 34.7% of respondents.

scholarly journals Medical education too: sexual harassment within the educational context of medicine – insights from undergraduates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Schoenefeld ◽  
Bernhard Marschall ◽  
Berit Paul ◽  
Helmut Ahrens ◽  
Janina Sensmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Medical School ◽  
International Association ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Medical Undergraduates

Abstract Background: Assessment of the presence and the characteristics of sexual harassment in academic medicine is a global issue. Only limited international data are available so far.Methods: Aim: To assess the extent of sexual harassment and to identify the perpetrators in the student population of the medical school of Münster, Germany.A survey was undertaken, using the Medical Womens’ International Association sexual harassment questionnaire translated into German. The anonymous online questionnaire was sent as a link to all medical undergraduates at Münster Medical School via a mailing list between 1st October and the 30th November 2018. Identifying and potentially identifying data was not collected.Data were analyzed by descriptive statistical methods such as categorical variables. Baseline characteristics, e.g. answers by male or female medical students, were correlated with their individual sexual harassing experiences and perpetrator groups by means of univariate analysis. Results: A total of 2162 medical students were asked to participate: 623 (28.8%) completed the survey. Sexual harassment is a significant issue among medical students at Münster, over half (58.9%) of all undergraduates were exposed to sexually harassing behavior: 31.8 % of all participants reported to have experienced unwanted physical sexual contact such as e.g. unwanted physical touch; 87.6% of the victims were female. 41.3 % of all students did personally experience verbal sexual harassment of which 87.4 % were female. 8.5% of all undergraduates faced forced sexual contact e.g. such as oral, anal or vaginal penetration, intercourse and rape; all victims were female. Perpetrators in these cases were mostly male medical superiors (7.0%) and male patients (18.3%). In general, the majority of perpetrators were patients, followed by medical superiors and educators, and less frequently by colleagues.Conclusions: Sexual harassment in medical education and the medical working place are a significant problem in a German medical school. The majority of students experiencing sexual harassment are females. Female students also experience the more serious forms of sexual harassment more often.

scholarly journals Effect of sex on specialty training application outcomes: a longitudinal administrative data study of UK medical graduates

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e025004
Author(s):  
Katherine Woolf ◽  
Hirosha Jayaweera ◽  
Emily Unwin ◽  
Karim Keshwani ◽  
Christopher Valerio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Academic Attainment ◽  
Specialty Training ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Medical Graduates ◽  
Training Programmes

ObjectivesTo examine sex differences in the specialty training recruitment outcomes of UK medical graduates; and whether sex differences were explained by prior academic attainment and previous fitness to practise (FtP) declarations.DesignRetrospective longitudinal cohort study.SettingAdministrative data on entrants to all UK medical schools from the UK Medical Education Database.Participants10 559 doctors (6 155; 58% female) who entered a UK medical school in 2007 or 2008 and were eligible to apply for specialty training by 2015.Primary outcome measureOdds of application, offer and acceptance to any specialty training programme, and on to each of the nine largest training programmes, adjusting for sex, other demographics, prior academic attainment, FtP declaration and medical school.ResultsAcross all specialties, there were no sex differences in applications for specialty training, but women had increased odds of getting an offer (OR=1.40; 95% CI=1.25 to 1.57; p<0.001) and accepting one (OR=1.43; 95% CI=1.19 to 1.71; p<0.001). Seven of the nine largest specialties showed significant sex differences in applications, which remained after adjusting for other factors. In the adjusted models, Paediatrics (OR=1.57; 95% CI=1.01 to 2.46; p=0.046) and general practice (GP) (OR=1.23; 95% CI=1.03 to 1.46; p=0.017) were the only specialties to show sex differences in offers, both favouring women. GP alone showed sex differences in acceptances, with women being more likely to accept (OR=1.34; 95% CI=1.03 to 1.76; p=0.03). Doctors with an FtP declaration were slightly less likely to apply to specialty training overall (OR=0.84; 95% CI=0.71 to 1.00; p=0.048) and less likely to accept an offer to any programme (OR=0.71; 95% CI=0.52 to 0.98; p=0.036), after adjusting for confounders.ConclusionsSex segregation between medical specialties is due to differential application, although research is needed to understand why men are less likely to be offered a place on to GP and Paediatrics training, and if offered GP are less likely to accept.

Prevalence of stroke in Argentina: A door-to-door population-based study (EstEPA)

2020 ◽  
pp. 174749302093276 ◽  
Author(s):  
SF Ameriso ◽  
MM Gomez-Schneider ◽  
MA Hawkes ◽  
VA Pujol-Lereis ◽  
DE Dossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Stroke Prevalence ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Background Stroke burden is highest and is still rising in low- and middle-income countries. Epidemiologic stroke data are lacking in many of these countries. Stroke prevalence in Argentina has been unexplored for almost three decades. Aim This population-based study aims to determine prevalence of stroke in a representative sample of the Argentinean population. Methods We performed a door-to-door survey of randomly selected households in a city of 18,650 inhabitants. A structured questionnaire screening for potential stroke cases was used. All subjects screened positive were then evaluated by stroke neurologists for final adjudication. Data about stroke subtypes, neurological status, vascular risk factors, medications, and diagnostic tests were also collected. Results Among 2156 surveys, 294 were screened positive for a possible stroke. After neurological evaluation, there were 41 confirmed cases. The adjusted stroke prevalence was 1,974/100,000 inhabitants older than 40 years, and it was higher in men than in women (26.3‰ vs 13.2‰, p<0.01). Prevalence of ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, and transient ischemic attack were 15.8‰, 2.93‰, and 2.93‰, respectively. The most prevalent vascular risk factors in stroke survivors were hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, and dyslipidemia. Conclusion Approximately 2 in every 100 subjects older than 40 years in this population are stroke survivors. Stroke prevalence in Argentina has remained stable over the last 30 years; it is higher than in most Latin American countries and similar to western populations.

scholarly journals Medical student exposure to cardiothoracic surgery in the United Kingdom

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Gasparini ◽  
Shruti Jayakumar ◽  
Sarah Ayton ◽  
Marco N Nardini ◽  
Joel D Dunning
Keyword(s):  
Medical Student ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Cardiothoracic Surgery ◽  
Clinical Exposure ◽  
Medical Graduates ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Before And After ◽  
School Curricula

Abstract OBJECTIVES There has been declining interest in cardiothoracic surgery amongst medical graduates. This survey examines the exposure of British medical students to cardiothoracic surgery in various settings and its relationship with students’ interest in the speciality. METHODS A questionnaire composed of 14 quantitative and qualitative items was distributed amongst 162 medical students. The survey included questions on demographics, interest in cardiothoracic surgery, mechanisms of exposure to the speciality and desire to pursue a career in cardiothoracic surgery before and after exposure. RESULTS Amongst the surveyed students, 71.0% reported exposure to cardiothoracic surgery as part of their medical school curricula and 24.7% reported extracurricular exposure. Of the students, 46.7% reported clinical exposure. Overall, 27.1% of students reported interest in a career in cardiothoracic surgery, which was higher amongst students who had curricular (29.6%), clinical (35.5%) or extracurricular exposure (50.0%). Amongst interested students, 43.2% engaged in extracurricular cardiothoracic activities compared with 16.1% of students not interested in pursuing the speciality. Confidence in career choice after exposure increased more in interested students (20.4%) than not interested students (1.6%). Students rated exposure and mentorship as the most important factor in promoting a career in cardiothoracic surgery. CONCLUSIONS Medical students with an interest in cardiothoracic surgery are more likely to organize independent attachments in the speciality and attend extracurricular events; however, many students might fail to identify cardiothoracic surgery as an area of interest because of the lack of exposure at medical school.

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