Interleukin-1β secretion in hippocampal sclerosis patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS) is a common medically intractable epilepsy syndrome. Although pathogenesis of HS still remains highly controversial, genetics may play a role as a predisposing factor. Previous evidence in a Japanese population revealed that the homozygotes for allele T at position −511 of the interleukin (IL)-1β gene promoter region (IL-1β-511 T/T) confers susceptibility to the development of HS. However, whether this polymorphism has an effect on IL-1β levels in MTLE-HS patients was not demonstrated. This study aimed to analyze the distribution of this particular polymorphism in a group of Turkish HS patients and correlate the polymorphism with IL-1β secretion from the lymphocytes, thus revealing a functional role for IL-1β in the etiopathogenesis of HS. A single base pair polymorphism at position −511 in the promoter region of the IL-1β gene was analyzed. The spontaneous and 1 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide-stimulated production of IL-1β by peripheral blood mononuclear cells after 4 and 24 h of incubation were measured by ELISA method. The heterozygous type (−511 C/T) was the most common genotype. There was no difference in frequency of allele −511 T between patients and controls. Analysis of IL-1β levels, genotype and allele distributions showed no significant difference among the groups (P>0.05). Nevertheless, it was seen that patients who carry a T allele at position -511 of the IL-1β gene had increased IL-1β levels. T-allele carriage may be important. Only IL-1β secretion from the lymphocytes has been assessed in this study. Considering the importance of IL-1β in the etiopathogenesis of HS, further studies are needed to evaluate locally produced IL-1β levels.

Download Full-text

Abnormalities of Cortical Thickness in Pediatric Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with Hippocampal Sclerosis

Current Medical Imaging Formerly Current Medical Imaging Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573405616666200116161335 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. 1095-1104

Author(s):

Kan Deng ◽

Rushi Zou ◽

Bingsheng Huang ◽

Ping Zeng ◽

Dong Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Cortical Thickness ◽

Parietal Lobe ◽

Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽

Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽

Precentral Gyrus ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Mesial Temporal Lobe ◽

And Gender

Objective: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS) is the most common intractable seizure type of pediatric epilepsy, with alterations in the cortex across the whole brain. The aim of this study is to investigate the abnormalities of cortical thickness in pediatric MTLE-HS. Methods: Subjects were recruited from Shenzhen Children’s Hospital between September 2015 and December 2016. MTLE was confirmed by the experienced neurological physician based on International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) diagnosis criteria, and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed at 3T for quantitative assessment of cortical thickness. A general linear model with age and gender as covariates was used to examine the vertex-wise differences in cortical thickness between 1) left MTLE-HS (LMTLE-HS) and healthy controls (HC), and 2) right MTLE-HS (RMTLE-HS) and HC. The family-wise error corrected significance threshold was set at P < 0.05. Through a combination of probability and cluster-size thresholding, cluster-wise P values were obtained for the resulting clusters. Results: 13 LMTLE-HS, 6 RMTLE-HS, and 20 age-matched HC were finally enrolled in the study. No significant difference in the mean age (LMTLE-HS vs. HC, p=0.57; RMTLE-HS vs. HC, p=0.39) and gender ratio (LMTLE-HS vs. HC, p=0.24; RMTLE-HS vs. HC, p=0.72) was found between MTLE-HS and HC. In LMTLE-HS, cortical thickness was found significantly decreased in the ipsilateral caudal middle frontal gyrus (p=0.012) and increased in the contralateral inferior temporal gyrus (p=0.020). In RMTLE-HS, cortical thickness significantly decreased in the ipsilateral posterior parietal lobe (superior, p<0.001 and inferior parietal gyrus, p=0.03), the anterior parietal lobe (postcentral gyrus, p=0.006), the posterior frontal lobe (precentral gyrus, p=0.04 and the lateral occipital gyrus, p<0.001), and the contralateral lateral occipital gyrus, middle frontal (p<0.0001) and superior frontal gyrus (p<0.001), and pericalcarine cortex (p=0.020). Conclusion: We detected significant cortical abnormalities in pediatric MTLE-HS patients compared with HC. These cortical abnormalities could be explained by specific pathogenesis in MTLE-HS, and may finally contribute to understanding the intrinsic mechanism of MTLE-HS.

Download Full-text

Faculty Opinions recommendation of Optimized SEEG-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.736604573.793566615 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

John Paul Leach

Keyword(s):

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽

Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽

Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation ◽

Mesial Temporal Lobe

Download Full-text

Stereotactic EEG-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation versus anterior temporal lobectomy for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Trials ◽

10.1186/s13063-021-05378-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yi-He Wang ◽

Si-Chang Chen ◽

Peng-Hu Wei ◽

Kun Yang ◽

Xiao-Tong Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽

Temporal Lobectomy ◽

Anterior Temporal Lobectomy ◽

Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation ◽

Mesial Temporal Lobe ◽

Randomised Controlled

Abstract Introduction In this report, we aim to describe the design for the randomised controlled trial of Stereotactic electroencephalogram (EEG)-guided Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation versus Anterior Temporal Lobectomy for Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with Hippocampal Sclerosis (STARTS). Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is a classical subtype of temporal lobe epilepsy that often requires surgical intervention. Although anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) remains the most popular treatment for mTLE, accumulating evidence has indicated that ATL can cause tetartanopia and memory impairments. Stereotactic EEG (SEEG)-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RF-TC) is a non-invasive alternative associated with lower seizure freedom but greater preservation of neurological function. In the present study, we aim to compare the safety and efficacy of SEEG-guided RF-TC and classical ATL in the treatment of mTLE. Methods and analysis STARTS is a single-centre, two-arm, randomised controlled, parallel-group clinical trial. The study includes patients with typical mTLE over the age of 14 who have drug-resistant seizures for at least 2 years and have been determined via detailed evaluation to be surgical candidates prior to randomisation. The primary outcome measure is the cognitive function at the 1-year follow-up after treatment. Seizure outcomes, visual field abnormalities after surgery, quality of life, ancillary outcomes, and adverse events will also be evaluated at 1-year follow-up as secondary outcomes. Discussion SEEG-guided RF-TC for mTLE remains a controversial seizure outcome but has the advantage for cognitive and visual field protection. This is the first RCT studying cognitive outcomes and treatment results between SEEG-guided RF-TC and standard ATL for mTLE with hippocampal sclerosis. This study may provide higher levels of clinical evidence for the treatment of mTLE. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03941613. Registered on May 8, 2019. The STARTS protocol has been registered on the US National Institutes of Health. The status of the STARTS was recruiting and the estimated study completion date was December 31, 2021.

Download Full-text

A pioneering FreeSurfer volumetric study of a series of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis with comorbid depression

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging ◽

10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111281 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 111281

Author(s):

Nathália Stela Visoná de Figueiredo ◽

Larissa Botelho Gaça ◽

Idaiane Batista Assunção-Leme ◽

Lenon Mazetto ◽

Maria Teresa Fernandes Castilho Garcia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽

Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽

Comorbid Depression ◽

Volumetric Study ◽

Mesial Temporal Lobe

Download Full-text

Mapping of the progressive metabolic changes occurring during the development of hippocampal sclerosis in a model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

Brain Research ◽

10.1016/s0006-8993(99)02092-2 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 852 (2) ◽

pp. 255-262 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Viviane Bouilleret ◽

Sylvette Boyet ◽

Christian Marescaux ◽

Astrid Nehlig

Keyword(s):

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽

Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽

Metabolic Changes ◽

Mesial Temporal Lobe

Download Full-text

Survival of mossy cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus in humans with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2008.11.jns08779 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 111 (6) ◽

pp. 1237-1247 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

László Seress ◽

Hajnalka Ábrahám ◽

Zsolt Horváth ◽

Tamás Dóczi ◽

József Janszky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽

Dentate Gyrus ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Pyramidal Neurons ◽

Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽

Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽

Mossy Cells ◽

Mesial Temporal Lobe

Object Hippocampal sclerosis can be identified in most patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Surgical removal of the sclerotic hippocampus is widely performed to treat patients with drug-resistant mesial TLE. In general, both epilepsy-prone and epilepsy-resistant neurons are believed to be in the hippocampal formation. The hilar mossy cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus are usually considered one of the most vulnerable types of neurons. The aim of this study was to clarify the fate of mossy cells in the hippocampus in epileptic humans. Methods Of the 19 patients included in this study, 15 underwent temporal lobe resection because of drug-resistant TLE. Four patients were used as controls because they harbored tumors that had not invaded the hippocampus and they had experienced no seizures. Histological evaluation of resected hippocampal tissues was performed using immunohistochemistry. Results Mossy cells were identified in the control as well as the epileptic hippocampi by using cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide immunohistochemistry. In most cases the number of mossy cells was reduced and thorny excrescences were smaller in the epileptic hippocampi than in controls; however, there was a significant loss of pyramidal cells and a partial loss of granule cells in the same epileptic hippocampi in which mossy cell loss was apparent. The loss of mossy cells could be correlated with the extent of hippocampal sclerosis, patient age at seizure onset, duration of epilepsy, and frequency of seizures. Conclusions In many cases large numbers of mossy cells were present in the hilus of the dentate gyrus when most pyramidal neurons of the CA1 and CA3 areas of the Ammon's horn were lost, suggesting that mossy cells may not be more vulnerable to epileptic seizures than the hippocampal pyramidal neurons.

Download Full-text