scholarly journals The role of vision and visual skills in archery*

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Strydom
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Visual Response ◽  
Visual Skills ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
Compound Bow ◽  
Hand Coordination ◽  
Visual Skill ◽  
Average Average

The main purpose of this study were firstly to determine the most important visual  skills applicable to archery and secondly to determine the norms for these visual skills necessary for an archer to perform at an elite level. Another goal was to compare our results with previous results for elite athletes, (determined by Buys in 2002). Twenty eight archers from different archery styles such as compound bow archery, recurve bow archery and traditional bow archery were used. Their visual skill norms were categorized as Superior, Above average, Average,  Ineffective and Needs immediate attention.The results indicated that visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, stereopsis, eye-hand coordination, eye-body coordination and visual response time may be the most important skills in archery.  Other factors such as distance judging and the choice of monocular or binocular aiming has also been tested and discussed and norms for these tests were also established. (S Afr Optom 2010 69(1) 21-28)

The Role of Romantic Relationships on Athletes’ Performance and Well-Being

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Jowett ◽  
Duncan Cramer
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Competitive Sport ◽  
Heterosexual Relationships ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
Work Family

Guided by the work-family interface literature, this study examined the concept of spillover in a sample of elite athletes. It was conceptualized that there would be potential negativity and interference between athletes’ intense demands of competitive sport and efforts to maintain positive relationships with their partners. Antecedents and consequences of the potential spillover phenomenon were assessed in a sample of 87 elite-level athletes who had either romantic or marital, heterosexual relationships. Findings indicated that while trust, commitment, and communication were not strongly related to spillover, negative transactions were. Moreover, the occurrence of spillover was negatively related to sport satisfaction and positively to depressive symptoms. Finally, it was found that a mechanism by which perceived negative transactions were linked to athletes’ satisfaction and depression was through spillover. Spillover can help explain how personal relationships and sport are likely to contribute to athletes’ performance accomplishment and overall well-being.

scholarly journals The development of protocols and norms for sports vision evaluations

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. C. Buys ◽  
J. T. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Visual Skills ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sports Vision ◽  
Deviation Method ◽  
Average Average

The purpose of this study was to find the most appropriate protocol to establish norms for the most important visual skills required by elite athletes in sports performance. One hundred and fifty eight elite athletes were tested and their visual skills categorized as being: superior, above average, average, ineffective or needs immediate attention. Two methods namely, the percentage method and the mean and standard deviation method were employed to find the most applicable way to establish these categories.  The results indicate that elite athletes perform very well for all the visual skills tested and that the norms thus established suggest the importance of these visual skills in sports performance.

scholarly journals Visual Acuity and Increased Mortality: The Role of Allostatic Load and Functional Status

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 5144 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Diane Zheng ◽  
Sharon L. Christ ◽  
Byron L. Lam ◽  
Stacey L. Tannenbaum ◽  
Christine L. Bokman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Allostatic Load

The role of sleep in maximising performance in elite athletes

2017 ◽  
pp. 151-167
Author(s):  
Johnpaul Caia ◽  
Vincent G. Kelly ◽  
Shona L. Halson
Keyword(s):  
Elite Athletes

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Disrupts Eye-Hand Interactions in the Posterior Parietal Cortex

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 1677-1680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Van Donkelaar ◽  
Ji-Hang Lee ◽  
Anthony S. Drew
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Neurophysiological Studies ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Hand Coordination

Recent neurophysiological studies have started to shed some light on the cortical areas that contribute to eye-hand coordination. In the present study we investigated the role of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) in this process in normal, healthy subjects. This was accomplished by delivering single pulses of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the PPC to transiently disrupt the putative contribution of this area to the processing of information related to eye-hand coordination. Subjects made open-loop pointing movements accompanied by saccades of the same required amplitude or by saccades that were substantially larger. Without TMS the hand movement amplitude was influenced by the amplitude of the corresponding saccade; hand movements accompanied by larger saccades were larger than those accompanied by smaller saccades. When TMS was applied over the left PPC just prior to the onset of the saccade, a marked reduction in the saccadic influence on manual motor output was observed. TMS delivered at earlier or later periods during the response had no effect. Taken together, these data suggest that the PPC integrates signals related to saccade amplitude with limb movement information just prior to the onset of the saccade.

scholarly journals “(Self-)Surveillance, Anti-Doping, and Health in Non-Elite Road Running”

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
April D Henning
Keyword(s):  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Marathon Runner ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Disciplinary Power ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Surveillance Model ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
Performance Enhancing Drugs ◽  
Elite Runners

This article explores disciplining effects of current anti-doping surveillance systems on the health consequences of non-elites’ daily behaviors and habits. As they are left out of direct anti-doping testing and enforcement, it is tempting to argue non-elites are unaffected by anti-doping efforts focused on the elite level of their sport.  However, it is because they are not subject to anti-doping surveillance systems nor forced to comply with anti-doping regulations that non-elites are implicated within the wider arena of disciplinary power that envelops both elite and non-elite athletes and anti-doping agencies (Foucault 1979). Drawing on data from 28 interviews with non-elite runners I argue these runners do conform to the rules and norms of their sport as far as they understand them, but their knowledge of banned substances is inadequate and many non-elite runners have only a superficial and sometimes incorrect understanding of doping.  Many view doping and its associated health risks as a problem only of elite running, as well as a problem limited to only a handful of widely publicized performance enhancing drugs or doping methods.  As a result of these misunderstandings non-elite runners are vulnerable to negative health effects of over the counter (OTC) medications and nutritional supplements, which they view as “safe” and part of normal training as a result of the current elite surveillance model of anti-doping.  The recent death of a non-elite marathon runner linked to use of the unregulated energy supplement DMAA demonstrates, questionable products are used by runners who may not be fully aware of the risks of use.

scholarly journals Periodontal Microsurgery and Microsurgical Instrumentation: A Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 074-080
Author(s):  
Kawaldeep Kang ◽  
Deepak Grover ◽  
Viniti Goel ◽  
Sumit Kaushal ◽  
Gurpreet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Normal Vision ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Tissue Trauma

AbstractIncreasing surgical refinement of procedures to meet both biologic and esthetic demands of patients is seen in today's periodontal practice. For these new technologies, instruments, and surgical techniques are necessary. Technical skills of the clinician are challenged by the limit of range of visual acuity. Periodontal microsurgery improves the outcome of basic periodontal surgical procedures by enhancing normal vision through magnification along with favorable lighting system. It gives enhanced outcomes not possible with traditional macrosurgery in terms of passive wound closure and reduced tissue trauma. The purpose of this review is to provide brief knowledge of periodontal microsurgery: the role of magnification, microsurgical instrumentation and applications of microsurgery.

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