scholarly journals Ticks on pastures and on two breeds of cattle in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nkululeko Nyangiwe ◽  
Sindisile Goni ◽  
Louis P. Hervé-Claude ◽  
Inga Ruddat ◽  
Ivan G. Horak
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Tick Infestation ◽  
Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Nguni Cattle ◽  
Questing Ticks

Many studies on the population dynamics of questing ticks on pastures and of parasitic ticks on cattle have been conducted. Few, however, have attempted to link the two in a single study. This study aimed to assess the population dynamics of questing ixodid ticks on pastures and of adult ticks on two breeds of cattle with different levels of susceptibility to tick infestation on the same pastures. Between January 2005 and December 2009 questing ixodid ticks were collected monthly from natural pastures at the Döhne Agricultural Development Institute and at the adjacent Campagna Production System in the Amahlathi District, Eastern Cape province, South Africa. Between February 2007 and January 2010 adult ticks were collected monthly from Bonsmara and Nguni cattle grazing these pastures. Ten tick species were collected from the pastures and 12 from the cattle. Significantly more questing larvae of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Rhipicephalus decoloratus, Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi and Rhipicephalus microplus were recovered from the pastures grazed by Bonsmara cattle than from those grazed by Nguni cattle (p ≤ 0.05). Significantly more adult Hyalomma rufipes, Rhipicephalus follis, R. appendiculatus, R. decoloratus, R. evertsi evertsi and R. microplus were collected from the Bonsmara cattle than from the Nguni cattle (p ≤ 0.05). The study showed that Nguni cattle are less susceptible to tick infestation than are Bonsmara cattle and fewer questing ticks are collected from pastures grazed by Nguni cattle than by Bonsmara cattle.

scholarly journals Genomic Profiling for Piroplasms in Feeding Ixodid Ticks in the Eastern Cape, South Africa

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
Olusesan Adeyemi Adelabu ◽  
Benson Chuks Iweriebor ◽  
Anthony Ifeanyi Okoh ◽  
Larry Chikwelu Obi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Homology Search ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Eastern Cape

Importation of tick-infected animals and the uncontrollable migration of birds and wild animals across borders can lead to geographical expansion and redistribution of ticks and pathogen vectors, thus leading to the emergence and re-emergence of tick-borne diseases in humans and animals. Comparatively, little is known about the occurrence of piroplasms in ixodid ticks in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, thus necessitating this study, which is aimed at detecting piroplasms (Theileria and Babesia) from feeding tick samples collected from cattle, sheep, and goats in selected sites in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. A total of 1200 feeding ixodid ticks collected from farm animals at selected homesteads were first subjected to molecular identification using mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene by PCR and were further tested for the presence of piroplasms through amplification of the 18S rRNA gene via nested-PCR followed by sequencing of the PCR products. The results indicated that 853 (71.1%) corresponded to the genus Rhipicephalus, 335 (27.9%) corresponded to genus Amblyomma, and 12 (1%) corresponded to genus Haemaphysalis. Amblyomma hebraeum and Rhipicephalus appendiculatus were the most common identified ticks from this study. The 18S rRNA nested-PCR revealed that 44 (3.7%) samples were confirmed positive for Theileria. A homology search for the generated sequences revealed a high percentage identity of 98–98.9% similarity to T. buffeli, T. orientalis, and T. sergenti in the GenBank. Based on the results obtained herein, we conclude that there is a big diversity of Theileria species; therefore, we suggest that this research should cover more geographical areas in order to reveal the true prevalence of this pathogen in the studied area because this will be a great step in the possible prevention of an outbreak that could have devastating effects on livestock production and human health in both the studied areas and South Africa at large.

The nymphs of some Ixodid ticks (Acarina) from the eastern Cape Province of South Africa

1975 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don R. Arthur
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Hyalomma Marginatum ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractDescriptions are given of the nymphs of five species of ticks from the eastern Cape Province of South Africa, namely Amblyomma marmoreum Koch, A. nuttalli Dönitz, Hyalomma marginatum rufipes Koch, Rhipicephalus evertsi Neumann and Ixodes pilosus Koch. Distinguishing characters are illustrated in 32 scanning electron micrographs.

The larvae of some Ixodid ticks (Acarina) from the eastern Cape Province of South Africa

1975 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don R. Arthur
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe larvae of ten species of Ixodid ticks are described, particular emphasis being placed on the setation of the capitulum and palps, and a key is provided to the larvae of 14 species from the eastern Cape Province of South Africa that are common, economically important or difficult to separate. Important characters are illustrated in 62 scanning electron micrographs.

scholarly journals Information and communication technologies (ICT) towards agricultural development in rural areas: case of smallholder farmers in Umzimvubu local municipality of the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Z. Makaula ◽  
S.F.G. Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
Information And Communication

This paper was initiated in order to find the usage and relevance of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) by the smallholder farmers of the Umzimvubu Local Municipality of the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. A survey questionnaire was then developed to collect the relevant data from randomly selected six villages of Umzimvubu Local Municipality targeting 138 respondents. The questionnaires structure employed both closed and open-ended questions that were administered using a face to face interview, conducted on the sample population in each village. There seems to be a correlation between ICT usage and the economies of scale in agricultural development, where smallholder farmers tend to use less of highly modernized ICT, while commercial large scale farmers use more of the modernized ICT. This disparity amongst farmers is exacerbated in many areas by the differing support systems employed by the public extension services. 

scholarly journals The extent of acaricide resistance in 1-, 2- and 3-host ticks on communally grazed cattle in the eastern region of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

2008 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Ntondini ◽  
E.M.S.P. Van Dalen ◽  
I.G. Horak
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Acaricide Resistance ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Rhipicephalus Evertsi Evertsi

In order to determine the extent of acaricide resistance in the eastern region of the Eastern Cape Province 1-, 2- and 3-host ticks were collected from cattle at 59 dip-tanks over a period of 2 years. These ticks were tested for resistance against 3 compounds, namely amitraz, cypermethrin and chlorfenvinphos. The Shaw Larval Immersion Test detected emerging resistance to amitraz in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus at 2 dip-tanks and resistance at a 3rd. It also revealed resistance in this tick to cypermethrin at 1 dip-tank and emerging resistance to chlorfenvinphos at 8 dip-tanks and resistance at 2. Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi was susceptible to amitraz and cypermethrin at all dip-tanks, but showed emerging resistance to chlorfenvinphos at 7 dip-tanks and resistance at 4. Rhipicephalus appendiculatus was susceptible to amitraz and chlorfenvinphos at all dip-tanks and demonstrated emerging resistance to cypermethrin at 1. With the exception of R. (B.) microplus, in which emerging resistance to amitraz was detected at 1 dip-tank by the Reproductive Estimate Test, all 3 tick species at all dip-tanks at which sufficient numbers of ticks had been collected were susceptible to the 3 acaracides in both the Egg Laying Test and the Reproductive Estimate Test. The localities at which acaricide resistance was recorded were mapped.

scholarly journals Tick communities at the expanding wildlife / cattle interface in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa : implications for Corridor disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
E.R. Smith ◽  
D.M. Parker
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Ear Tick ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Interface Treatment

Corridor disease, transmitted by the brown ear tick (Rhipicephalus appendiculatus), is one of Africa's most pathogenic tick-borne diseases for cattle. With a focus on this species, we investigated the community parameters (richness, diversity and abundance) of ticks in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, and how this may be linked to the increasing wildlife / cattle interface in the region. There were significantly more ticks of a greater diversity and richness at sites positioned at the wildlife / cattle interface ('treatment sites') compared to sites where wildlife was absent (controls). Significantly, R. appendiculatus was only found at the treatment sites. Therefore, it is believed that the wildlife / cattle interface may be playing a crucial role in increasing the occurrence, abundance and distribution of R. appendiculatus in the Eastern Cape. The implications of a Corridor disease outbreak in the region are discussed.

Influence of Knowledge Management Practices on Public Service Delivery by Municipalities

Mousaion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charleen Musonza ◽  
Ndakasharwa Muchaonyerwa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Public Service Delivery

This study examines the influence of knowledge management (KM) practices on public service delivery by municipalities in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The study sought to determine the factors that have triggered the implementation of KM practices; the effectiveness of KM practices towards public service delivery; and the extent to which KM practices have influenced public service delivery by municipalities in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were employed in this study. Quantitative data were collected through a survey questionnaire administered to a sample of 202 employees at the Raymond Mhlaba Municipality in the Eastern Cape. Qualitative data were collected through observations and interviews of 2 senior managers. The data collected gave a response rate of 72 per cent. The quantitative and qualitative data were analysed descriptively and presented verbatim respectively. The results indicated that the internal and external factors included in this study have contributed to the implementation of KM practices in the municipality. Furthermore, the effective use of KM practices has increased the organisational KM initiative, as well as the provision of services such as electricity, education, transport, and social services by the municipality. The study recommends the establishment of KM awareness and the establishment of an integrated system that will assist in effective knowledge sharing, retention and acquisition across municipalities in the Eastern Cape.

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