scholarly journals Horizontal transmission of HIV-1 infection in a child: With phylodynamic evidence-case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
JanakKeshavlal Maniar
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Hiv 1

A Stacking-Based Classification Approach: Case Study in Volatility Prediction of HIV-1

2022 ◽  
pp. 355-365
Author(s):  
Mohammad Fili ◽  
Guiping Hu ◽  
Changze Han ◽  
Alexa Kort ◽  
Hillel Haim
Keyword(s):  
Classification Approach ◽  
Hiv 1

Novel radial distribution function approach in the study of point mutations: the HIV-1 protease case study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurica Novak ◽  
Maria A Grishina ◽  
Vladimir A Potemkin
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Radial Distribution Function ◽  
Radial Distribution ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Qsar Model ◽  
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Inhibition Constant ◽  
The One ◽  
Hiv 1

Background: Mutations are one of the engines of evolution. Under constant stress pressure, mutations can lead to the emergence of unwanted, drug resistant entities. Methodology: The radial distribution function weighted by the number of valence shell electrons is used to design quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) model relating descriptors with the inhibition constant for a series of wild-type HIV-1 protease inhibitor complexes. The residuals of complexes with mutant HIV-1 protease were correlated with the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbitals of the residues introduced to enzyme via point mutations. Conclusion: Successful identification of residues Ile3, Asp25, Val32 and Ile50 as the one whose substitution influences the inhibition constant the most, demonstrates the potential of the proposed methodology for the study of the effects of point mutations.

scholarly journals B-cell–lineage immunogen design in vaccine development with HIV-1 as a case study

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 423-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barton F Haynes ◽  
Garnett Kelsoe ◽  
Stephen C Harrison ◽  
Thomas B Kepler
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Immunogen Design ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals A17 The effect of intra-host evolution of HIV-2 capsid on disease progression

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M T Boswell ◽  
A Palm ◽  
S Karlson ◽  
F Månsson ◽  
H Norrgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Evolutionary Rates ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract The human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) is an important cause of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in West Africa. The virus started circulating in humans around 1938 and has spread predominantly within West Africa with an estimated 1–2 million people being infected today. Compared with the pandemic HIV-1, HIV-2 infected people have longer AIDS-free survival times, higher CD4+ counts and lower risk of vertical and horizontal transmission. Approximately 35 per cent of HIV-2 infected individuals are classified as so-called long-term non-progressors with undetectable viral loads and limited disease progression after 10 years of follow-up. It has been shown that HIV-2 is more sensitive to the host restriction factor TRIM5α when compared with HIV-1, and this has been linked to conformational changes in the retroviral capsid. TRIM5α binds at the interface between three capsid hexamers, initiates early uncoating and proteasomal degradation. TRIM5 genotype has shown only modest effects on HIV-1 disease outcomes. HIV-2 capsid sequences bearing a specific poly-proline motif have been associated with lower viral loads and presentation of protective HLA I-restricted epitopes. The major aims of this study were to (1) determine HIV-2 capsid intra-host evolutionary rates and (2) identify residues that are affected by positive selection and that can be linked to HIV-2 viral load and disease progression in conjunction with TRIM5 genotype. The Guinea-Bissau Police cohort is unique, with decades of relatively frequent follow-up. One hundred and sixty-five patients were included for genotyping of TRIM5, 62 females and 103 males. Median age at enrolment was 52.6 years (range 30–87) and 7.9 per cent of patients had a CD4 percentage < 15 per cent at enrolment. Six of these individuals were included for amplification of HIV-2 capsid from longitudinally collected samples. Viral RNA was extracted from stored blood plasma samples and capsid of the circulating viral quasispecies was amplified, cloned, and sequenced, as previously described. Bayesian analysis will be used to determine intra-host evolutionary rates, dN/dS ratios and how these parameters associate with disease progression and TRIM5 genotype.

Free Energy Component Analysis for Drug Design:  A Case Study of HIV-1 Protease−Inhibitor Binding

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (25) ◽  
pp. 4325-4338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Kalra ◽  
T. Vasisht Reddy ◽  
B. Jayaram
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Drug Design ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Inhibitor Binding ◽  
Energy Component ◽  
Hiv 1

Case Study: Behavioral Symptoms of Pediatric HIV-1 Encephalopathy Successfully Treated with Clonidine

1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Ceseña ◽  
Douglas O. Lee ◽  
Ana M. Cebollero ◽  
Ronald J. Steingard
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Hiv ◽  
Behavioral Symptoms ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals An automated workflow by using KNIME Analytical Platform: a case study for modelling and predicting HIV-1 protease inhibitors

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramtin Ranji ◽  
Chanat Thanavanich ◽  
Sri Devi Sukumaran ◽  
Sila Kittiwachana ◽  
Sharifuddin Md Zain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qsar Model ◽  
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Time Cost ◽  
Biological Behaviour ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Target Disease ◽  
Drugbank Database ◽  
Hiv 1

In this study, we have demonstrated an automated workflow by using KNIME Analytical Platform for modelling and predicting potential HIV-1 protease (HIVP) inhibitors. The workflow has been simplified in three easy steps i.e., 1) retrievethe database of inhibitors for the target disease from ChEMBL website and well-known drug from DrugBank database, 2) generate the descriptors and, 3) select the optimal number of features after machine learning models training. Our results have indicated that the random forest with auto prediction validation method is the most reliable with the best R2 value of 0.9394. Apparently, this workflow can be transformed easily for any other diseases and the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model that has been developed can accurately predict in silico how chemical modifications might influence biological behaviour. Overall, the automated workflow which has been presented in this study may significantly reduce the time, cost and efforts needed to design or develop potential HIVP inhibitors.

scholarly journals Dynamic of CSF and serum biomarkers in HIV-1 subtype C encephalitis with CNS genetic compartmentalization—case study

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio M. de Almeida ◽  
Indianara Rotta ◽  
Clea E. Ribeiro ◽  
Michelli F. Oliveira ◽  
Antoine Chaillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Biomarkers ◽  
Subtype C ◽  
Hiv 1
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