The role of postoperative imaging in cochlear implants

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
EssamF Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Postoperative Imaging

Technological Innovations and Intervention Practices for Children With Cochlear Implants

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Ertmer
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
School Personnel ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Parent Child Interactions ◽  
Making Choices ◽  
Regular Classrooms ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Communication Modalities

This clinical forum has addressed many of the challenges associated with serving children who have cochlear implants. These include determining who may be a candidate for implantation; optimizing parent-child interactions for oral communication; developing comprehensive preschool programs; assessing and maximizing opportunities to communicate and learn in regular classrooms; making choices in communication modalities; providing effective intervention; and serving as a liaison for parents, school personnel, and medical professionals. In response to these challenges, the forum has provided the technical information needed to understand how a cochlear implant works, important research findings regarding choices in communication modalities, and ideas for assessing and serving children with implants. This information can provide speech, language, and hearing professionals with a base for developing their skills in the role of "local experts" for children who have cochlear implants. Filling this role also requires continuing education to keep up with innovations in technology and advancements in clinical practice. It is hoped that this forum has provided an impetus for further learning in a rapidly emerging and fascinating area of our profession.

scholarly journals The role of CT cardiothoracic angiography in pre- and postoperative imaging of Bentall procedure

Medic ro ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (143) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Piroska Csergő ◽  
Alexandra Martin-Stoica ◽  
Liviu Moraru ◽  
Marian Pop
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Imaging ◽  
Bentall Procedure

scholarly journals Temporal fine structure influences voicing confusions for consonant identification in multi-talker babble

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vibha Viswanathan ◽  
Barbara G. Shinn-Cunningham ◽  
Michael G. Heinz
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Temporal Fine Structure ◽  
Vast Literature ◽  
Listening Environments ◽  
Intact Condition ◽  
Speech Content

To understand the mechanisms of speech perception in everyday listening environments, it is important to elucidate the relative contributions of different acoustics cues in transmitting phonetic content. Previous studies suggest that the energy envelopes of speech convey most speech content, while the temporal fine structure (TFS) can aid in segregating target speech from background noise. Despite the vast literature on TFS and speech intelligibility, the role of TFS in conveying additional speech content over what envelopes convey in complex acoustic scenes is poorly understood. The present study addresses this question using online psychophysical experiments to measure consonant identification in multi-talker babble for intelligibility-matched intact and 64-channel envelope-vocoded stimuli. Consonant confusion patterns revealed that listeners had a greater tendency in the vocoded (versus intact) condition to be biased towards reporting that they heard an unvoiced consonant, despite envelope and place cues being largely preserved. This result was replicated when babble instances were varied across independent experiments, suggesting that TFS conveys important voicing cues over what envelopes convey in multi-talker babble, a masker that is ubiquitous in everyday environments. This finding has implications for assistive listening devices that do not currently provide TFS cues, such as cochlear implants.

scholarly journals Association of Age-Related Hearing Loss with Cognitive Decline

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
Juyong Chung
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Single Mechanism ◽  
Hearing Aid Use ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Hearing Loss

A number of studies have demonstrated a significant association between age-related hearing loss (ARHL) and cognitive decline. However their relationship is not clear. In this review, we focused on the etiological mechanisms between ARHL and cognitive decline to explain the nature of this relationship: 1) causal mechanisms (e.g., cognitive load hypothesis, cascade hypothesis); 2) common cause mechanisms (e.g., microvascular disease); 3) overdiagnosis or harbinger hypothesis. We conclude that no single mechanism is sufficient and hearing and cognition related to each other in several different ways. In addition, we reviewed the effectiveness of hearing intervention (e.g., hearing aids and cochlear implants) on cognition function, and the role of hearing aid use and cochlear implant depends on the relevant mechanism.

Gated Word Recognition by Postlingually Deafened Adults With Cochlear Implants: Influence of Semantic Context

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chhayakanta Patro ◽  
Lisa Lucks Mendel
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Semantic Context ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Spoken Words ◽  
Vocoded Speech

PurposeThe main goal of this study was to investigate the minimum amount of sensory information required to recognize spoken words (isolation points [IPs]) in listeners with cochlear implants (CIs) and investigate facilitative effects of semantic contexts on the IPs.MethodListeners with CIs as well as those with normal hearing (NH) participated in the study. In Experiment 1, the CI users listened to unprocessed (full-spectrum) stimuli and individuals with NH listened to full-spectrum or vocoder processed speech. IPs were determined for both groups who listened to gated consonant-nucleus-consonant words that were selected based on lexical properties. In Experiment 2, the role of semantic context on IPs was evaluated. Target stimuli were chosen from the Revised Speech Perception in Noise corpus based on the lexical properties of the final words.ResultsThe results indicated that spectrotemporal degradations impacted IPs for gated words adversely, and CI users as well as participants with NH listening to vocoded speech had longer IPs than participants with NH who listened to full-spectrum speech. In addition, there was a clear disadvantage due to lack of semantic context in all groups regardless of the spectral composition of the target speech (full spectrum or vocoded). Finally, we showed that CI users (and users with NH with vocoded speech) can overcome such word processing difficulties with the help of semantic context and perform as well as listeners with NH.ConclusionWord recognition occurs even before the entire word is heard because listeners with NH associate an acoustic input with its mental representation to understand speech. The results of this study provide insight into the role of spectral degradation on the processing of spoken words in isolation and the potential benefits of semantic context. These results may also explain why CI users rely substantially on semantic context.

scholarly journals The Effects of Intrinsic Acoustic Cues on Categorical Perception in Children with Cochlear Implants

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Kejuan Cheng ◽  
Xiaoxiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Categorical Perception ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Acoustic Cues ◽  
Intrinsic Cues ◽  
Boundary Width ◽  
Hearing Children ◽  
Mandarin Vowels ◽  
Impaired Children

Many previous studies researched the influence of external cues on speech perception, yet little is known pertaining to the role of intrinsic cues in categorical perception of Mandarin vowels and tones by children with cochlear implants (CI). This study investigated the effects of intrinsic acoustic cues on categorical perception in children with CIs, compared to normal-hearing (NH) children. Categorical perception experiment paradigm was applied to evaluate their identification and discrimination abilities in perceiving /i/-/u/ with static intrinsic formants and Tone 1 (T1)-Tone 2 (T2) with dynamic intrinsic fundamental frequency (F0) contours. Results for the NH group showed that vowel continuum of /i/-/u/ was less categorically perceived than T1-T2 continuum with significantly wider boundary width and less alignment between the discrimination peak and the boundary position. However, a different categorical perception pattern was depicted for the CI group. Specifically, the CI group exhibited less categoricalness in both /i/-/u/ and T1-T2. It suggested that the effects of intrinsic acoustic cues on categorical perception was proved for the normal-hearing children, while not for the hearing-impaired children with cochlear implants. In conclusion, acoustically dynamic cues can facilitate categorical perception of speech in NH children, whereas this effect will be inhibited by difficulties in processing spectral F0 information as in the CI users.

The Role of Postoperative Imaging after Ventral Onlay Buccal Mucosal Graft Bulbar Urethroplasty

2020 ◽  
Vol 204 (6) ◽  
pp. 1270-1274
Author(s):  
Nathan Y. Hoy ◽  
Hadley M. Wood ◽  
Kenneth W. Angermeier
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Imaging ◽  
Buccal Mucosal Graft
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