The Contact Hypothesis: The Role of a Common Ingroup Identity on Reducing Intergroup Bias among Majority and Minority Group Members

2014 ◽  
pp. 230-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel L. Gaertner ◽  
Mary C. Rust ◽  
John F. Dovidio ◽  
Betty A. Bachman ◽  
Phyllis A. Anastasio
Keyword(s):  
Minority Group ◽  
Intergroup Bias ◽  
Contact Hypothesis ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Common Ingroup Identity ◽  
Ingroup Identity

scholarly journals Expressing Prejudice through the Linguistic Intergroup Bias: Second Language Confidence and Identity among Minority Group Members

2008 ◽  
pp. 109-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Shulman ◽  
Richard Clément1
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Communication Theory ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Intergroup Bias ◽  
Intergroup Communication ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Linguistic Intergroup Bias

Abstract The role of verbal communication in the transmission of prejudice has received much theoretical attention (Hecht, 1998; Le Couteur & Augoustinos, 2001), including the features of the linguistic intergroup bias (Maass, Salvi, Arcuri, & Semin, 1989), yet few studies have examined the acquisition of an out-group language as a factor in mitigating prejudicial speech. The conditions under which minority Canadian Francophones use linguistic bias when communicating about the in- and out-group (i.e., Canadian Anglophones) were investigated. Data was collected from 110 Francophone students. Predictions were confirmed but only when out-group identification was considered. Further, out-group identification and second language confidence were both related to a decrease in out-group derogation; however, the same factors appear to promote linguistically biased speech toward the in-group. Results are discussed within current intergroup communication theory.

Compensating the Innocent: Perceptions of Exonerees’ Deservingness to Receive Financial Compensation for Wrongful Convictions

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 710-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry M. Karaffa ◽  
Jaimie Page ◽  
Julie M. Koch
Keyword(s):  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Compensation Policy ◽  
Financial Compensation ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Those who have been wrongfully imprisoned face a variety of challenges upon reentering the community, and monetary compensation may be helpful in rebuilding one’s life following a period of incarceration. However, very little is known about factors that may impact public attitudes regarding compensation policy. Using a sample of 396 university students, we investigated the role of exonerees’ race/ethnicity and prior conviction history, as well as participants’ socially dominant and right-wing authoritarian attitudes in explaining beliefs about financial compensation. Results suggest that males, minority group members, and older participants tended to rate hypothetical exonerees as more deserving of financial compensation. Perceptions of deservingness for compensation did not differ according to the exonerees’ race/ethnicity, but exonerees who had no prior convictions were perceived as more deserving compared with those with prior misdemeanor or felony drug convictions. Participants’ right-wing authoritarianism scores were negatively associated with deservingness scores, whereas social dominance orientation scores were not significantly related to deservingness, after controlling for participant demographics and exoneree factors.

scholarly journals Sleep deprivation undermines the link between identity and intergroup bias

SLEEP ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinxiao Zhang ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Ying-Yi Hong
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Intergroup Bias ◽  
Sleep Study ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Common Identity ◽  
Common Ingroup Identity ◽  
The One ◽  
Ingroup Identity

Abstract This research seeks to bridge two findings—on the one hand, top-down controlled processes inhibit display of intergroup bias; on the other one hand, sleep deprivation impairs cognitive control processes. Connecting these two proven statements, begs the question: would sleep deprivation also influence intergroup bias? This intriguing link has hardly been explored in extant literature. To fill this gap, we theorize through the lens of social identity. Previous research has shown that individuals who share a common identity with an outgroup are more motivated to inhibit biases toward the outgroup than do their counterparts who do not endorse such common identity. We predicted that this motivated inhibition would be compromised by sleep deprivation. Across two studies, as predicted, we found that only when an individual has adequate sleep did common ingroup identity attenuate the display of intergroup bias, whereas individuals with short habitual sleep (study 1) or after one-night sleep deprivation (study 2) displayed equally high levels of intergroup bias regardless of their high or low levels of common ingroup identity. In the global context of incessant intergroup bias and diminishing sleep time, our findings offer new insights for understanding and handling intergroup bias.

Revisiting the contact hypothesis: The induction of a common ingroup identity

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 271-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel L. Gaertner ◽  
John F. Dovidio ◽  
Betty A. Bachman
Keyword(s):  
Contact Hypothesis ◽  
Common Ingroup Identity ◽  
Ingroup Identity

The Common Ingroup Identity Model: Recategorization and the Reduction of Intergroup Bias

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel L. Gaertner ◽  
John F. Dovidio ◽  
Phyllis A. Anastasio ◽  
Betty A. Bachman ◽  
Mary C. Rust
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Bias ◽  
Identity Model ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Ingroup Identity Model ◽  
Common Ingroup Identity ◽  
Ingroup Identity

Interdependence in Mediated Intergroup Contact

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Katherine R. Dale ◽  
Emily Moyer-Gusé
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
The Self ◽  
Contact Hypothesis ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Extended Contact ◽  
Identity Model ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Ingroup Identity Model ◽  
Common Ingroup Identity ◽  
Ingroup Identity

Abstract. Mediated intergroup contact and extended contact hypothesis research shows that observing a positive intergroup interaction can result in improved attitudes toward the outgroup. This experiment tested the common ingroup identity model and how the creation of a superordinate identity among characters in a television narrative influences viewers’ willingness to interact with outgroup members and attitudes toward the outgroup. Results reveal that self-efficacy, anxiety, and inclusion of the outgroup in the self mediated the relationship between exposure to narratives featuring intergroup interdependence and both positive attitudes toward and greater willingness to interact with the outgroup. That is, participants who watched a narrative featuring high levels of intergroup teamwork reported increased feelings of self-efficacy when considering future outgroup interactions, which was associated with lower levels of outgroup anxiety. Lower levels of anxiety were then associated with increased inclusion of the outgroup in the self, which was ultimately associated with more positive attitudes toward and greater willingness to interact with the outgroup. These results suggest that, even when comparing the effects of two narratives that portray an identical, positive outcome, positive effects on attitudes toward and willingness to interact with outgroup members are stronger when ingroup and outgroup members display interdependence. This research represents a step toward understanding the ways that the common ingroup identity model might help explain the extended contact hypothesis and the mechanisms by which narratives can affect attitudes toward and willingness to interact with outgroup members.

scholarly journals Reducing Competitive Victimhood in Kosovo: The Role of Extended Contact and Common Ingroup Identity

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Andrighetto ◽  
Silvia Mari ◽  
Chiara Volpato ◽  
Burim Behluli
Keyword(s):  
Extended Contact ◽  
Common Ingroup Identity ◽  
Ingroup Identity

scholarly journals The role of optimal conditions and intergroup contact in promoting positive intergroup relations in and out of the workplace: A study with ethnic majority and minority workers

2021 ◽  
pp. 136843022110109
Author(s):  
Gian Antonio Di Bernardo ◽  
Loris Vezzali ◽  
Michèle D. Birtel ◽  
Sofia Stathi ◽  
Barbara Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Contact Conditions ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Positive Contact

A field study was conducted with majority and minority group members to test whether the effects of optimal contact conditions and of intergroup contact generalize across situations, and extend to the support of intergroup equality in terms of agreement with social policies benefitting the minority group. Participants were 163 Italian and 129 immigrant workers in three corporate organizations. Results from structural equation modelling analyses revealed that, for the majority group, positive contact stemming from optimal contact conditions was indirectly associated, via reduction in negative stereotypes, with more positive behavior that generalized across situations. For both majority and minority groups, positive contact stemming from optimal contact conditions was associated with less negative stereotypes, and in turn with greater support for social policies favoring the minority. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, also in relation to the significance of the present results for research investigating the relation between intergroup contact and social change.

When extended contact opens the door to future contact

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Gómez ◽  
Linda R. Tropp ◽  
Saulo Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Minority Group ◽  
The Self ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Intergroup Anxiety ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Extended Contact ◽  
Group Members

The present research tests whether extended contact can predict positive intergroup expectancies, as well as positive intergroup attitudes, among majority and minority group members. Our results replicate and extend prior work by showing that extended contact predicts both positive intergroup attitudes and intergroup expectancies among both majority (Spanish) and minority (immigrant) participants, even when controlling for direct friendship and the quantity and quality of prior intergroup contact. These effects are partially mediated by intergroup anxiety, perceived ingroup norms, and perceived outgroup norms, and the positive effects of extended contact on intergroup attitudes were also partially mediated by the inclusion of ingroup in the self. Additionally, the mediating role of outgroup norms was stronger among immigrant participants than among Spanish participants. Implications of these findings and the value of extended contact for promoting positive intergroup expectancies and preparing people for future contact are discussed.

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