FIELD PERFORMANCE OF DOUBLED HAPLOID BARLEY LINES IN COMPARISON WITH LINES DEVELOPED BY THE PEDIGREE AND SINGLE SEED DESCENT METHODS

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. PARK ◽  
E. J. WALSH ◽  
E. REINBERGS ◽  
L. S. P. SONG ◽  
K. J. KASHA
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Single Seed Descent ◽  
Single Seed ◽  
Dh Lines ◽  
Short Time

The performance of 52 doubled haploid (DH) lines from two barley crosses was compared with lines developed by the pedigree (PD) and the single seed descent (SSD) methods. The comparison was made in hill plot tests over a 2-yr period at two locations. There was no difference in grain yield, heading date and plant height between the DH populations and the populations derived by the other two breeding methods. Similar means and ranges, genetic variances and frequencies of desirable genotypes were obtained in the populations produced by the three breeding methods for grain yield, heading date and plant height. The mean grain yields of superior lines were similar for all three methods. There was no indication of deleterious effect of complete homozygosity in the DH lines. In the two crosses examined, the materials generated by the DH method were as good agronomically as those produced by the PD or SSD methods. It was concluded that the doubled haploid technique is a very useful tool for producing high yielding homozygous barley lines in a relatively short time.

Doubled haploids for detecting pleiotropy and linkage of genes controlling two characters

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Choo ◽  
E. Reinbergs
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Pleiotropic Effects ◽  
Key Words Barley ◽  
Linkage Of Genes

A new method was developed for detecting pleiotropy and linkage of genes controlling two characters. It employs doubled-haploid lines derived from diallel crosses and permits quantification of pleiotropic effects. The method was used to study genetic correlations between five pairs of four characters (heading date, plant height, the number of spikes per hill, and grain yield) in seven varieties of barley. Results suggested that pleiotropy was present in all five pairs of characters and linkage in four pairs of characters. Key words: barley, haploids, pleiotropy, linkage.

In vitro and in vivo screening for cold tolerance in winter × spring wheat-derived doubled haploids following the wheat × maize system

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-282
Author(s):  
S. Sharma ◽  
H. Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Dh Lines ◽  
Ttc Test

Seventy-eight doubled haploid (DH) lines, derived from 21 elite and diverse winter × spring wheat F 1 hybrids, following the wheat × maize system, were screened along with the parental genotypes under in vitro and in vivo conditions for cold tolerance. Under in vitro conditions, the 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) test was used to characterize the genotypes for cold tolerance. Based on the TTC test, only one doubled haploid, DH 69, was characterized as cold-tolerant, seven DH and five winter wheat parents were moderately tolerant, while the rest were susceptible. Analysis of variance under in vivo conditions also indicated the presence of sufficient genetic variability among the genotypes (DH lines + parents) for all the yield-contributing traits under study. The correlation and path analysis studies underlined the importance of indirect selection for tillers per plant, harvest index and grains per spike in order to improve grain yield. It was also concluded that selection should not be practised for grain weight per spike as it would adversely affect the grain yield per plant. When comparing the field performance of the genotypes with the in vitro screening parameters, it was concluded that in addition to the TTC test, comprising a single parameter, other physiological and biochemical in vitro parameters should be identified, which clearly distinguish between cold-tolerant and susceptible genotypes and also correlate well with their performance under field conditions.

Estimates of Genetic Effects of Heading Date, Plant Height, and Grain Yield in Durum Wheat 1

Crop Science ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Arnoldo Amaya ◽  
R. H. Busch ◽  
K. L. Lebsock
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Genetic Effects

CONTRIBUTION OF GROWTH RATE AND HARVEST INDEX TO GRAIN YIELD IN F9-DERIVED LINES OF OATS (AVENA SATIVA L.)

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. TAKEDA ◽  
K. J. FREY ◽  
T. B. BAILEY
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Genotypic Correlations ◽  
Day Plot

The contributions of growth rate (GR) and harvest index (HI) to grain yield (GYD) were studied using 1200 F9-derived lines of oats tested for 2 yr. Heritability ranged from 20 to 40% for GYD, GR, and HI. Genotypic correlations of GYD with GR were ca. 0.7 and with HI ca. 0.3. More than 95% of GYD variation was due to GR and HI. An increase of 0.1 g/day/plot GR would result in a 14% increase in GYD, and a 5% increase of HI would cause an 18–19% increase in GYD. GR was positively correlated with heading date and plant height, and negatively with HI.

General and specific combining ability of in vitro doubled haploid maize lines in the field

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
T. Spitkó ◽  
L. SÁgi ◽  
J. Pintér ◽  
C. Marton ◽  
B. Barnabás
Keyword(s):  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Dh Lines

The breeding of hybrid maize now has a history of over 100 years. In 1908, George H. Shull was the first to report on the high yields, great uniformity and homogeneity of hybrids derived from a cross between two inbred lines. Following this discovery, consistent self-fertilisation over a period of six to eight generations was found to be an extremely efficient method for developing maize lines. From the mid-1970s, however, with the elaboration of the monoploid ( in vivo ) and microspore culture ( in vitro ) techniques, it became possible to develop homozygous lines within a year.With the help of an efficient plant regeneration system based on anther culture, large numbers of doubled haploid (DH) lines can be produced. In the course of the experiments the seed of DH plants selected over several years was multiplied and crossed with Martonvásár testers, after which the hybrids were included in field performance trials in three consecutive years (2005–2007). The aim was to determine whether the field performance of hybrids developed in this way equalled the mean yield of standards with commercial value. The data also made it possible to calculate the general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability of the parental lines, indicating the usefulness of the parental components in hybrid combinations and expressing the extent to which a given line contributes to yield surpluses in its progeny.A total of 52 maize hybrids were evaluated in the experiments in terms of yield and grain moisture content at harvest. The combinations, resulting from crosses between 12 DH lines, one control line developed by conventional inbreeding and four testers, were found to include hybrids capable of equalling the performance of the standards, and four DH lines were identified as improving the yield level of their progeny. As the experiment was carried out on a very small number of genotypes, the results are extremely promising and suggest that, if the range of genotypes used to develop DH lines is broadened and the sample number is increased, it will be possible in the future to find maize hybrids, developed with in vitro DH parental components, that surpass the performance of commercial hybrids.

Comparison of F2 and F∞ diallel analyses in barley

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 865-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Choo ◽  
E. Reinbergs ◽  
P. Y. Jui
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Hill Plots

A study was conducted in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to compare the relative magnitudes of heterosis to additive × additive epistasis and to compare F2 and F∞, diallel analyses. Both F2 and F∞, progenies were derived from 7 × 7 diallel crosses. Progenies and their parents were evaluated for grain yield, heading date, plant height, and the number of spikes per hill in hill plots with five replications at Elora (Ontario) in 1978. Results suggested that additive × additive epistasis were present for these traits and its magnitude was similar to that of heterosis estimated in F2. Both F2 and F∞ analyses detected the presence of epistasis. Both analyses provided similar estimates of the additive genetic variance for heading date and the number of spikes per hill, but the F2 analysis provided higher estimates than the F∞ analysis for grain yield and plant height. The estimate for grain yield and plant height obtained from the F2 analysis could be biased upward because of the invalid assumption of no epistasis. Estimates of other genetic variance components from the F2 analysis could be biased also. The F∞ diallel analysis not only provided estimates of additive × additive genetic variance for the four traits, it also allowed detection of nonindependent gene distribution in the parents for three of the four traits. Therefore, the limitations of the F2 diallel analysis in the presence of epistasis were apparent in the study. The F2 diallel analysis, however, could be used to detect dominance and maternal effects and thus to complement the F∞ diallel analysisKey words: barley, Hordeum vulgare, diallels, haploids, epistasis, heterosis.

YIELD STABILITY OF DOUBLE HAPLOID LINES OF BARLEY

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. REINBERGS ◽  
L. S. P. SONG ◽  
T. M. CHOO ◽  
K. J. KASHA
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Regression Method ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Doubled Haploid Lines ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability

The effect of complete homozygosity and homogeneity on stability of grain yield in barley was studied in 38 doubled haploid lines derived from F1 plants of six biparental crosses. The number of doubled haploid lines in each cross ranged from 3 to 12. These along with 13 check cultivars were evaluated at five locations in Ontario in 1975 and 1976. The linear regression method proposed by Eberhart and Russell in 1966 was used to analyze the stability of grain yield. In general, the response of doubled haploid lines to different environments, based upon the regression coefficient, did not differ from the response of the check cultivars. Similar responses were also observed among check cultivars, among crosses, and among doubled haploid lines within crosses. Furthermore, the pooled deviation from regression mean squares for the check cultivars was not different from that for the doubled haploid lines. The mean yield of the doubled haploid lines was as high as that of the check cultivars. Significant differences in mean yield among crosses was not detectable but considerable genetic variability in grain yield was found among lines within three of the crosses. It appears that under Ontario conditions homogeneous and homozygous lines derived by the doubled haploid method are as good agronomically and have yields as stable as the licensed cultivars developed by conventional breeding methods.

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