SELECTION FOR GRAIN YIELD OF SPRING WHEAT UTILIZING SEED SIZE AND OTHER SELECTION CRITERIA

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. NASS
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Large Seed ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Selection For

Four selection procedures, to include random selection, visual head selection by two selectors, selection for large seed size, and harvest index, respectively, were evaluated for relative effectiveness in selecting high-yielding plants in F2 and F3 populations of three crosses of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Twenty-five F4-derived lines of the three crosses for each selection method were evaluated for yield performance during 2 yr of study. Selection for large seed size and visual head selection produced more late-heading, tall or high-yielding plants than the other selection methods. A larger number of F4-derived lines in the top yielding 5% and 25% within each cross was chosen by visual selection and by selection for large seed size.Key words: Selection methods, seed size, harvest index, grain yield, spring wheat, visual head selections

EFFECTIVENESS OF SEVERAL SELECTION METHODS FOR GRAIN YIELD IN TWO F2 POPULATIONS OF SPRING WHEAT

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. NASS
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Random Selection ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Head Weight ◽  
Selection Of

Visual head selection by three selectors, head weight, harvest index, and random selection were evaluated for selecting high-yielding plants in two F2 populations of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Forty F2 lines of two crosses for each selection method were evaluated for yield performance in F4 during 2 yr. There was no advantage of any of the selection methods over random selection in the lower-yielding cross 1 and no advantage of the harvest index and head weight methods over visual selection in both crosses. Visual head selection produced more late-heading, tall plants, and was the most effective method in selecting for yield in cross 2. Harvest index tended towards the selection of lines with short height in cross 2. A larger number of the top 15% of F4 lines were from the high yielding cross 2, and selectors 1 and 2 chose the greatest number of superior lines.Key words: Selection methods, head weight, harvest index, grain yield, spring wheat, visual head selection.

HARVEST INDEX AS A SELECTION CRITERION FOR GRAIN YIELD IN TWO SPRING WHEAT CROSSES GROWN AT TWO POPULATION DENSITIES

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1141-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. NASS
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Population Densities

The use of harvest index as a selection criterion for grain yield in F2 populations of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown at two population densities was investigated. Harvest index was useful in delineating yield differences between lines for both crosses. The F4 lines selected in F2 for a high harvest index yielded about 9% more per plot in 1978 than F4 lines having a low harvest index in F2. Generally, lines selected at the higher commercial seeding rate yielded more than lines selected at the lower plant density. In 1979, a heavy Fusarium infection reduced the mean grain yield of the F6 lines and suppressed any significant response to selection resulting from population density and harvest index in F2. While selection based on high harvest index at low population density can be used to select higher yielding plants it was not as effective as selection at high population density which more closely approximates commercial crop densities. Additional research is needed before the use of harvest index as a selection tool in wheat breeding programs can be recommended for use in Atlantic Canada.

Optimal regimes of selection for grain yield and harvest index in spring wheat

Euphytica ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Ellison ◽  
B. D. H. Latter ◽  
T. Anttonen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Selection For

EFFECT OF SEEDING RATE ON GRAIN YIELD, STRAW YIELD AND HARVEST INDEX OF EIGHT SPRING WHEAT CULTIVARS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. BAKER
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Rate Interaction

Eight cultivars of spring wheat, Triticum aestivum L., were evaluated at seeding rates of 110, 270 and 430 seeds/m2 in a total of nine experiments spanning three locations, two dates of seeding and 2 yr. Grain yield exhibited a significant cultivar × experiment × linear response to seeding rate interaction. Grain yield of Pitic 62 showed a significant decrease with increased seeding rate in one experiment while giving the greatest increase in another. Over all experiments, the highest seeding rate gave the highest grain yield. For straw yield, Chester showed the greatest response to seed rate, Canuck the least. With the exception of Canuck, which showed a significant increase in harvest index with increased seeding rate, harvest index tended to be greater at the intermediate seeding rate.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF ANCESTRAL AND MODERN CANADIAN SPRING WHEATS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. HUCL ◽  
R. J. BAKER
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Spike Number

Spring wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) representing a century of crop breeding effort were evaluated in three rain-fed environments to determine which yield-related traits have been altered over time. Plant height and the length of the vegetative growth phase were shortened during the pre-Thatcher era. Spikelet number has been reduced but kernel weight increased during the period of cultivar development discussed herein. Tiller production has changed little since the turn of the century while spike number has been reduced slightly in the post-Thatcher period. Harvest indices increased with the introduction of Thatcher, but neither that trait nor crop grain yield have undergone consistent improvements since the 1930s. A significant cultivar × environment interaction resulted from adverse environment having a greater negative impact on grain yield of the older cultivars Red Fife and Marquis relative to their descendents. HY320, representing a potential new market class (Canadian Prairie Spring), yielded 25% more than standard height cultivars due to a higher biological yield and harvest index. Crop and spike grain yields were associated with kernel number/spike (r = 0.78,0.75) and days to spike emergence (r = 0.50,0.55), suggesting that high grain yield in this material is a function of maturity-dependent kernel production. Future improvements in grain yield might result from selection for higher harvest index since the latter trait is positively correlated with yield (r = 0.63) but not associated with maturity (−0.17).Key words: Old cultivars, spring wheat, yield components, harvest index, cultivar × environment interaction

Effect of variations in seed size and planting depth on emergence, infertile plants, and grain yield of spring wheat

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Gan ◽  
E. H. Stobbe
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Planting Depth ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Key Words Seed Size

Crop yield can be improved by minimizing plant-to-plant variability in seedling emergence. A study was conducted to determine the effect of variations in seed size and planting depth within a plot on emergence, proportion of infertile plants and grain yield in hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Large seed (40.8 mg kernel−1) was hand planted at 25-, 50- and 75-mm depths, creating three uniform seed size - planting depth treatments. Three other treatments consisted of repeating patterns within the same row: three large seeds and one small seed (23.4 mg kernel−1) at each of 25-, 50- and 75-mm depths. Two additional treatments consisted of 1) three seeds planted 25 mm deep and one seed planted 50 mm deep and 2) three seeds planted 25 mm deep and one seed planted 75 mm deep within the same row. Variation in seed size or planting depth within a row had no impact on percentage emergence, but nonuniform planting depth increased the proportion of infertile plants, mainly as a result of late-emerging plants. On a single-plant basis, mainstem grain yields were relatively uniform, but tiller grain yields were highly variable. When small and large seeds were planted 75 mm deep within a plot, the small-seeded plants produced 34% lower tiller grain yield than neighbouring large-seeded plants, while the large-seeded plants produced 10% higher tiller grain yield than plants from a treatment in which only large seeds were planted. Thus, the variation in seed size within a plot had no impact on total grain yield per plot. When seed was planted at variable depths within a plot, grain yield per plant produced by deep-seeded (75 mm) plants was only 20% of that produced by neighbouring shallow-seeded (25 mm) plants and was only 26% of that produced by plants where all seeds were planted deep (75 mm). Within-plot variation in planting depth increased the proportion of infertile plants (up to 158%) and decreased the grain yield. To maximize grain yield in hard red spring wheat, seed should be planted at uniform, shallow planting depth. Key words: Seed size, planting depth, emergence, fertile plants, interplant variation

EFFECTS OF INCREMENTAL N FERTILIZATION ON GRAIN YIELD AND DRY MATTER ACCUMULATION OF SIX SPRING WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) CULTIVARS IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. GEHL ◽  
L. D. BAILEY ◽  
C. A. GRANT ◽  
J. M. SADLER
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation

A 3-yr study was conducted on three Orthic Black Chernozemic soils to determine the effects of incremental N fertilization on grain yield and dry matter accumulation and distribution of six spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Urea (46–0–0) was sidebanded at seeding in 40 kg N ha−1 increments from 0 to 240 kg ha−1 in the first year and from 0 to 200 kg ha−1 in the 2 subsequent years. Nitrogen fertilization increased the grain and straw yields of all cultivars in each experiment. The predominant factor affecting the N response and harvest index of each cultivar was available moisture. At two of the three sites, 91% of the interexperiment variability in mean maximum grain yield was explained by variation in root zone moisture at seeding. Mean maximum total dry matter varied by less than 12% among cultivars, but mean maximum grain yield varied by more than 30%. Three semidwarf cultivars, HY 320, Marshall and Solar, had consistently higher grain yield and grain yield response to N than Glenlea and Katepwa, two standard height cultivars, and Len, a semidwarf. The mean maximum grain yield of HY 320 was the highest of the cultivars on test and those of Katepwa and Len the lowest. Len produced the least straw and total dry matter. The level of N fertilization at maximum grain yield varied among cultivars, sites and years. Marshall and Solar required the highest and Len the lowest N rates to achieve maximum grain yield. The year-to-year variation in rates of N fertilization needed to produce maximum grain yield on a specific soil type revealed the limitations of N fertility recommendations based on "average" amounts and temporal distribution of available moisture.Key words: Wheat (spring), N response, standard height, semidwarf, grain yield

Sadash soft white spring wheat

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1099-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
R S Sadasivaiah ◽  
R J Graf ◽  
H S Randhawa ◽  
B L Beres ◽  
S M Perkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Quality Specifications ◽  
Soft White Spring Wheat ◽  
End Use

Sadash is a soft white spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that meets the end-use quality specifications of the Canada Western Soft White Spring class. Sadash is well-adapted to the wheat-growing regions of southern Alberta and southern Saskatchewan. Based on data from the Western Soft White Spring Wheat Cooperative Registration Test from 2003 to 2005, Sadash exhibited high grain yield, mid-season maturity, semi-dwarf stature with very strong straw, and good resistance to shattering. Sadash expressed resistance to the prevalent races of stem rust and powdery mildew, intermediate resistance to loose smut, moderate susceptibility to leaf rust and common bunt, and susceptibility to Fusarium head blight. Based on end-use quality analysis performed at the Grain Research Laboratory of the Canadian Grain Commission, Sadash had improved test weight over the check cultivars AC Reed and AC Phil and similar milling and baking performance.Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cultivar description, wheat (soft white spring), grain yield, quality, disease resistance

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