The ascorbate peroxidase regulated by H2O2 and ethylene is involved in cotton fiber cell elongation by modulating ROS homeostasis

Cotton fiber is a single-celled seed trichrome that arises from the epidermis of the ovule’s outer integument. The fiber cell displays high polar expansion and thickens but not is disrupted by cell division. Therefore, it is an ideal model for studying the growth and development of plant cells. Sphingolipids are important components of membranes and are also active molecules in cells. However, the sphingolipid profile during fiber growth and the differences in sphingolipid metabolism at different developmental stages are still unclear. In this study, we detected that there were 6 classes and 95 molecular species of sphingolipids in cotton fibers by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-MS/MS (UHPLC-MS/MS). Among these, the phytoceramides (PhytoCer) contained the most molecular species, and the PhytoCer content was highest, while that of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) was the lowest. The content of PhytoCer, phytoceramides with hydroxylated fatty acyls (PhytoCer-OHFA), phyto-glucosylceramides (Phyto-GluCer), and glycosyl-inositol-phospho-ceramides (GIPC) was higher than that of other classes in fiber cells. With the development of fiber cells, phytosphingosine-1-phosphate (t-S1P) and PhytoCer changed greatly. The sphingolipid molecular species Ceramide (Cer) d18:1/26:1, PhytoCer t18:1/26:0, PhytoCer t18:0/26:0, PhytoCer t18:1/h20:0, PhytoCer t18:1/h26:0, PhytoCer t18:0/h26:0, and GIPC t18:0/h16:0 were significantly enriched in 10-DPA fiber cells while Cer d18:1/20:0, Cer d18:1/22:0, and GIPC t18:0/h18:0 were significantly enriched in 20-DPA fiber cells, indicating that unsaturated PhytoCer containing hydroxylated and saturated very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) play some role in fiber cell elongation. Consistent with the content analysis results, the related genes involved in long chain base (LCB) hydroxylation and unsaturation as well as VLCFA synthesis and hydroxylation were highly expressed in rapidly elongating fiber cells. Furthermore, the exogenous application of a potent inhibitor of serine palmitoyltransferase, myriocin, severely blocked fiber cell elongation, and the exogenous application of sphingosine antagonized the inhibition of myriocin for fiber elongation. Taking these points together, we concluded that sphingolipids play crucial roles in fiber cell elongation and SCW deposition. This provides a new perspective for further studies on the regulatory mechanism of the growth and development of cotton fiber cells.

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The role of the lens actin cytoskeleton in fiber cell elongation and differentiation

Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology ◽

10.1016/j.semcdb.2006.10.011 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 698-711 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

P. Vasantha Rao ◽

Rupalatha Maddala

Keyword(s):

Actin Cytoskeleton ◽

Cell Elongation ◽

Fiber Cell

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Cytokinin inhibits cotton fiber initiation by disrupting PIN3a-mediated asymmetric accumulation of auxin in the ovule epidermis

Journal of Experimental Botany ◽

10.1093/jxb/erz162 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (12) ◽

pp. 3139-3151 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jianyan Zeng ◽

Mi Zhang ◽

Lei Hou ◽

Wenqin Bai ◽

Xingying Yan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cotton Fiber ◽

Plasma Membranes ◽

Antagonistic Effect ◽

Fiber Cell ◽

In Planta ◽

Polar Localization ◽

Fiber Cells ◽

Fiber Initiation ◽

Fiber Cell Initiation

AbstractAuxin-dependent cell expansion is crucial for initiation of fiber cells in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), which ultimately determines fiber yield and quality. However, the regulation of this process is far from being well understood. In this study, we demonstrate an antagonistic effect between cytokinin (CK) and auxin on cotton fiber initiation. In vitro and in planta experiments indicate that enhanced CK levels can reduce auxin accumulation in the ovule integument, which may account for the defects in the fiberless mutant xu142fl. In turn, supplementation with auxin can recover fiber growth of CK-treated ovules and mutant ovules. We further found that GhPIN3a is a key auxin transporter for fiber-cell initiation and is polarly localized to the plasma membranes of non-fiber cells, but not to those of fiber cells. This polar localization allows auxin to be transported within the ovule integument while specifically accumulating in fiber cells. We show that CKs antagonize the promotive effect of auxin on fiber cell initiation by undermining asymmetric accumulation of auxin in the ovule epidermis through down-regulation of GhPIN3a and disturbance of the polar localization of the protein.

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Heteromannan and Heteroxylan Cell Wall Polysaccharides Display Different Dynamics During the Elongation and Secondary Cell Wall Deposition Phases of Cotton Fiber Cell Development

Plant and Cell Physiology ◽

10.1093/pcp/pcv101 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 56 (9) ◽

pp. 1786-1797 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Mercedes C. Hernandez-Gomez ◽

Jean-Luc Runavot ◽

Xiaoyuan Guo ◽

Stéphane Bourot ◽

Thomas A.S. Benians ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Cotton Fiber ◽

Secondary Cell Wall ◽

Cell Development ◽

Fiber Cell ◽

Cell Wall Polysaccharides ◽

Wall Deposition ◽

Cell Wall Deposition

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The miR319-Targeted GhTCP4 Promotes the Transition from Cell Elongation to Wall Thickening in Cotton Fiber

Molecular Plant ◽

10.1016/j.molp.2020.05.006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1063-1077 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jun-Feng Cao ◽

Bo Zhao ◽

Chao-Chen Huang ◽

Zhi-Wen Chen ◽

Ting Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cotton Fiber ◽

Cell Elongation ◽

Wall Thickening

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Observations on chick-embryo lens histogenesis in vivo and in vitro

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z74-041 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 345-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Brian G. McLean ◽

Cyril V. Finnegan

Keyword(s):

Chick Embryo ◽

Cell Elongation ◽

Fiber Cell ◽

Cell Extension ◽

Differentiated Cells ◽

Cytoplasmic Organization ◽

Extensive Cell ◽

Cytoplasmic Differentiation

The 6-day chick-embryo lens anterior epithelium will undergo histogenesis in vitro. A 'normal' epithelial curvature in vitro is required for extensive fiber-cell elongation; a reversed curvature, or flat epithelial conformation, results in considerably reduced cell extension. With a 'normal' epithelial curvature, cell elongation in vitro progresses rapidly for about 3 days, and changes in cytoplasmic organization (ultrastructure) take place that are similar to those associated with fiber-cell differentiation in vivo. However, these cells do not achieve as full a cytoplasmic differentiation as was observed in the most differentiated cells of the normal embryonic lens. Epithelia explanted with a reversed curvature, while evidencing reduced cell elongation, had, after 3 days in vitro, differentiated (according to criteria of ultrastructure and relative proportions of soluble proteins) in a manner similar to those epithelia explanted with a 'normal' curvature and in which extensive cell elongation had been demonstrated.

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