An Efficient Paging Strategy Based on Paging Agents of Base Stations in Cellular Mobile Networks

In this paper, the emitted electromagnetic waves (EMW) from different cellular mobile base stations (BSs) have been measured and calculated in order to study their effects on public health. Moreover, a comparison between the effect of radiated power from the BSs on people who live near them and those who live away has been made by using OpenSignal software and calculated theoretically. The values of power density for different cells were also calculated to compare them with the maximum permissible exposure limit-the acceptable range values of power density. The measurements were done in Tikrit City considering ten cells and various locations and distances. The results show that most of the power density and EMV for the tested cells are within the acceptable range. However, power density and EMV for two of tested cells have hurtful effects in the long term for people who live near the BSs.

Download Full-text

A Game Theoretic Approach to Guarantee Fairness in Cooperation Among Green Mobile Network Operators

International Journal of Business Data Communications and Networking ◽

10.4018/jbdcn.2013070101 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Leonardo Militano ◽

Antonella Molinaro ◽

Antonio Iera ◽

Ármin Petkovics

Keyword(s):

Mobile Networks ◽

Optimal Algorithm ◽

Mobile Network ◽

Base Stations ◽

Theoretic Approach ◽

Game Theoretic ◽

Cellular Mobile ◽

Mobile Network Operators ◽

Rational Players ◽

Game Theoretic Approach

Energy efficiency is one of leading design principles for the current deployment of cellular mobile networks. A first driving reason for this is that half of the operating costs for the network providers comes from the energy spent to power the network, with almost 80% of it being consumed at the base stations. A second reason is related to the high environmental pollution, which makes the green cellular networks deployment mandatory. Cooperation between mobile network providers can be an effective way to reduce the CO2 emissions and, simultaneously, reduce the operating expenditures. In this paper, a game theoretic approach is proposed to introduce fairness and stability into an optimal algorithm for switching off the cooperating base stations. This aims at making such a solution more attractive in real implementation scenarios where profit-driven network providers act as rational players.

Download Full-text

Design of Solar System for LTE Networks

International Journal of Environmental Sustainability and Green Technologies ◽

10.4018/ijesgt.2020070101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Naglaa Kamel Bahgaat ◽

Nariman Abdel Salam ◽

Monika Mady Roshdy ◽

Sandy Abd Elrasheed Sakr

Keyword(s):

Mobile Networks ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Mobile Station ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Environmental Problems ◽

Base Stations ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Solar Panels ◽

Lte Networks ◽

Photovoltaic Panel

Rapid growth in mobile networks and the increase of the number of cellular base stations requires more energy sources, but the traditional sources of energy cause pollution and environmental problems. Therefore, modern facilities tend to use renewable energy sources instead of traditional sources. One renewable source is the photovoltaic panel, which made from semiconductor materials which absorb sunlight to generate electricity. This article discusses the importance of using solar panels to produce energy for mobile stations and also a solution to some environmental problems such as pollution. This article provides a design for a solar-power plant to feed the mobile station. Also, in this article is a prediction of all loads, the power consumed, the number of solar panels used, and solar batteries can be used to store electrical energy. Finally, an estimation of the costs of all components will be presented. Good discussion and conclusion will be presented about the results obtained. The results obtained are promising. In addition, a future plan is described to complete this important study.

Download Full-text