A chamber system has been constructed for the study of hydrostatic and gas pressure effects on cells in culture. The chamber is fitted with a phase contrast light microscope allowing direct observation and video recording of the cells at pressure. Cell differentiation over a period of hours to days may thus be recorded and taped from as many as 24 cell samples in the same experiment, using a time-lapse recording technique. Solutions may be introduced and removed through stainless steel tubing via an injection pump, thus providing the additional possibility of biochemical and pharmacological studies.