scholarly journals Nasal vowels and diphthongs in European Portuguese: a problem for Slovene speakers

Linguistica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-254
Author(s):  
Blažka Müller Pograjc ◽  
Jasmina Markič
Keyword(s):  
Slavic Language ◽  
Romance Language ◽  
Nasal Vowels ◽  
European Portuguese ◽  
Vowel Systems ◽  
The University

Portuguese, a Romance language, and Slovene, a Slavic language, are distant in the geographical, historical, cultural and linguistic senses. There are not many contrastive studies of these two languages, and even fewer in the phonetic-phonological field. The present work is limited to the study of standard European Portuguese (PE) and aims to address one of the major problems in teaching Portuguese phonetics to Slovene speakers: the correct production of Portuguese nasal vowels.After a contrastive presentation of the vowel systems of both languages, the study is limited to Portuguese nasal vowels and diphthongs, which do not exist in Slovene. The analysis of Portuguese vowels is fundamentally related to the position of the accent: stressed vowels and pretonic, postonic or final vowels. The nasal vowels are presented in smaller numbers than the oral ones and do not occur in postonic syllables, except in some diphthongs. This work presents the analysis of a practical survey carried out in Portuguese classes for Slovene students of level A at the University of Ljubljana and is focused on the production of nasal vowels by Slovene speakers. The objective is to highlight the errors produced, to look for the causes in order to improve the teaching of this aspect of the phonetics and phonology of the European Portuguese.

An MRI study of the oral articulation of European Portuguese nasal vowels

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Oliveira ◽  
Paula Martins ◽  
Samuel Silva ◽  
António Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Vowels ◽  
European Portuguese ◽  
Mri Study

Speech rate effects on european portuguese nasal vowels

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Oliveira ◽  
Paula Martins ◽  
António Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Speech Rate ◽  
Nasal Vowels ◽  
European Portuguese ◽  
Rate Effects

On the Role of Oral Configurations in European Portuguese Nasal Vowels

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conceição Cunha ◽  
Samuel Silva ◽  
António Teixeira ◽  
Catarina Oliveira ◽  
Paula Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Vowels ◽  
European Portuguese

scholarly journals Old Romance place names in early South Slavic and late Proto-Slavic sound changes

Linguistica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
Matej Šekli
Keyword(s):  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Slavic Language ◽  
Consonant Clusters ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Vowel Reduction ◽  
Nasal Vowels ◽  
Relative Chronology ◽  
Sound Changes

The analysis of Old Romance geographical names in early South Slavic confirms that the majority of late Proto-Slavic sound changes were still operative in the period of the earliest Old Romance-Slavic language contacts in the Balkan Peninsula and eastern Alps from the second half of the 6th century and the beginning of the 7th century onwards. Phonetic substitutions of the type Rom. *kE, *gE → Sl. *c, *ʒ (Balk. Rom. *Kersu → Sl. *Cersъ, Balk. Rom. *Gīla → Sl. *Ʒiĺa) and Rom. *auC → Sl. *ovC (Balk. Rom. *Laurentiu > *Laurenču → Sl. *Lovręčь) point to the fact that the first palatalization of velars as well as the monophthongization of the inherited diphthongs were no longer among the ongoing processes. All other late Proto-Slavic sound changes were either still operative or only took place after the borrowing. This is confirmed by the relative chronology of the following set of Romance-Slavic correspondences: simplification of consonant clusters: Rom. *ps → Sl. *s (Balk. Rom. *Apsaru → Sl. *Osorъ), development of prothetic consonants: Rom. *ū- → Sl. *uū- > *vy- (Alp. Rom. *Ūdẹnu → Sl. *(V)ydьnъ), simplification of j-clusters: Rom. *Ci → Sl. *Cʹ (Balk. Rom. *Arsia → Sl. *Orša), delabialization of *o after *r: Rom. *ro → Sl. *ry > *ri (Rom. *Roma → Sl. *Rymъ > *Rimъ), second regressive palatalization of velars (see above Sl. *Cersъ, *Ʒiĺa), rise of nasal vowels: Rom. *ENC, *ONC → Sl. *ęC, *ǫC (Balk. Rom. *Parentiu > *Parenču → Sl. *Poręčь, Balk. Rom. *Karantānu → Sl. *Korǫtanъ), progressive palatalization of velars: Rom. *Ek, *Eg → Sl. *c, *ʒ (Balk. Rom. *Longātẹku → Sl. *Lǫgatьcь), delabialization of *ū1 > *y: Rom. *ū/*o → Sl. *y (Balk. Rom. *Allūviu → Sl. *Olybъ), labialization of *a > *o: Rom. *a → Sl. *o (Balk. Rom. *Kapra → Sl. *Koprъ), vowel reduction of *i, *u > *ь, *ъ: Rom. *ẹ, *ọ → Sl. *ь, *ъ (Balk. Rom. *Kọrẹku → Sl. *Kъrьkъ, Balk. Rom. *Tọrre → Sl. *Tъrъ).

scholarly journals Cross-domain analysis of discourse markers in European Portuguese

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-106
Author(s):  
Vera Cabarrão ◽  
Helena Moniz ◽  
Fernando Batista ◽  
Jaime Ferreira ◽  
Isabel Trancoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Markers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pitch Range ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
Prosodic Cues ◽  
Cross Domain ◽  
European Portuguese ◽  
Speech Corpora ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents an analysis of discourse markers in two spontaneous speech corpora for European Portuguese - university lectures and map-task dialogues - and also in a collection of tweets, aiming at contributing to their categorization, scarcely existent for European Portuguese. Our results show that the selection of discourse markers is domain and speaker dependent. We also found that the most frequent discourse markers are similar in all three corpora, despite tweets containing discourse markers not found in the other two corpora. In this multidisciplinary study, comprising both a linguistic perspective and a computational approach, discourse markers are also automatically discriminated from other structural metadata events, namely sentence-like units and disfluencies. Our results show that discourse markers and disfluencies tend to co-occur in the dialogue corpus, but have a complementary distribution in the university lectures. We used three acoustic-prosodic feature sets and machine learning to automatically distinguish between discourse markers, disfluencies and sentence-like units. Our in-domain experiments achieved an accuracy of about 87% in university lectures and 84% in dialogues, in line with our previous results. The eGeMAPS features, commonly used for other paralinguistic tasks, achieved a considerable performance on our data, especially considering the small size of the feature set. Our results suggest that turn-initial discourse markers are usually easier to classify than disfluencies, a result also previously reported in the literature. We conducted a cross-domain evaluation in order to evaluate the robustness of the models across domains. The results achieved are about 11%-12% lower, but we conclude that data from one domain can still be used to classify the same events in the other. Overall, despite the complexity of this task, these are very encouraging state-of-the-art results. Ultimately, using exclusively acoustic-prosodic cues, discourse markers can be fairly discriminated from disfluencies and SUs. In order to better understand the contribution of each feature, we have also reported the impact of the features in both the dialogues and the university lectures. Pitch features are the most relevant ones for the distinction between discourse markers and disfluencies, namely pitch slopes. These features are in line with the wide pitch range of discourse markers, in a continuum from a very compressed pitch range to a very wide one, expressed by total deaccented material or H+L* L* contours, with upstep H tones.

scholarly journals Vocalismo acentuado do Noroeste português

Revue Romane ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Brissos ◽  
Celeste Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
European Portuguese ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Vowel Systems ◽  
Data Call

The paper’s aim is two-fold: 1, to give an acoustical depiction of the vowel systems of Portuguese northwestern dialects; 2, to establish a correlation between those vowel systems and the ones that can be found in central-southern Portuguese varieties. The data call for a revision of some important aspects of Portuguese dialectology, namely: a) the description of northwestern dialects, as different types of diphthongs are found in different areas than the ones pointed out by dialectal studies; and b) the adequacy of the phonological vowel system traditionally used to describe European Portuguese as a means of representation of the continental dialectal varieties. Seven different systems are needed to represent all dialects comprised in this study.

scholarly journals "THE IMPORTANCE OF UNDERSTANDING METAPHORS WORKING WITH FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE: SOME TOOLS"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Couceiro Figueira ◽  
◽  
Sofia Campos ◽  
Célia Ribeiro ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Figurative Language ◽  
Dynamic Assessment ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Psychometric Assessment ◽  
Metaphor Comprehension ◽  
European Portuguese ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The University

"We present two versions of assessment/intervention tools for metaphors awareness or their comprehension: the TCM, Metaphor Comprehension Test, for children aged 9 to 14, or elementary school (Portugal), and the junior TCM, for children aged 4 to 6 years, or preschool age. They are versions/adaptations for European Portuguese of existing tools in Italian. The authors of the Italian versions are professors at the University of Sapienza, Rome, Italy, with internationally recognized work, presenting the original versions with good psychometric qualities. At the moment, the two instruments are already adapted for Portuguese, in the process of being applied in order to obtain the normative data and their validation. We expect, similar to what happens with the Italian versions, to obtain valid tools, with triple instrumentality: psychometric assessment and dynamic assessment and intervention resource, for various stages of development."

Assessing Velar Gestures Timing in European Portuguese Nasal Vowels with RT-MRI Data

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Nuno Almeida ◽  
Conceição Cunha ◽  
Samuel Silva ◽  
António Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Vowels ◽  
European Portuguese

VIII.—On the Pronunciation of the French Nasal Vowels in, Ain, Ein in the XVI and XVII Centuries

PMLA ◽  
1894 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-461
Author(s):  
John E. Matzke
Keyword(s):  
Direct Development ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Weak Point ◽  
Safe Method ◽  
Nasal Vowels ◽  
Easy Problem ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University

In a recent doctor's dissertation of the University of Lausanne, P. Marchot examines the question of the pronunciation of the French nasal vowels ain, ein, and in during the xvi and xvii centuries, and comes to some rather startling conclusions, principally with regard to the development of ain (and ein). He denies the possibility of the direct development of ain > ēn. ‘Passe-t-on directement de ain à ēn ? Absolument pas: phonétiquement l'évolution est impossible. C'est au xvi e siècle que ãin, dénasalisé en ayn, passe à eyn et ensuite à a, eñ en ēn,' (p. 49). It is this thesis which he attempts to prove on pp. 47-62 of his monograph. The whole argumentation is based on the material presented by Thurot, De la prononciation française, of whom he says (p. 47), ‘malheureusement, Thurot n’était pas un romaniste, et il est incontestable que plus d'une fois, il n'a pas su tirer des matériaux qu'il avait réunis tout le parti qu'il était possible d'en tirer.’ I think it is safe to say, that Marchot has not succeeded much better. To be sure, the history of these nasals is not an easy problem, the grammarians of the xvi and xvii centuries are in the highest degree obscure in their statements, and it is not an easy matter to arrive at a clear understanding of their meaning. The weak point in Marchot's method is, that he interprets the statements of these grammarians literally and that he seems to lose sight of the continuity of phonetic tendency, whereas the only safe method can be, to collate and compare all the statements to the point, to eliminate every thing that appears individual with each grammarian, and to interpret what remains, along lines that are demanded by our knowledge of the history of French nasalization in general, making due allowance, at the same time, for the ignorance of phonetic problems at that period, and the crude terminology then in vogue.

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