scholarly journals Insecticidal Activities of Aqueous Extracts of Five Nigerian Aromatic Spices against Garden Eggplant Defoliators and Fruit Borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee: Lepidoptera: Crambidae

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 1322-1329
Author(s):  
Juliana A. Ugwu ◽  
Kehinde T. Kareem ◽  
Julius O. Aluko
Keyword(s):  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Chilli Pepper ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Leucinodes Orbonalis ◽  
Fruit Borer

 The study evaluated the prospects of aqueous extracts of five Nigerian spices against garden eggplant defoliators and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis) in the field. The treatments consisted of Piper guineense (black pepper), Aframomum melegueta (aligator pepper), Eugenia aromatica (cloves), Zingiber officinale (ginger), Capsicum annum (chilli pepper) and untreated check (control). All the aqueous extracts evaluated reduced leaf damaged by defoliators on garden eggplant compared to control. P. guineense, with mean value of 11.02 number of perforations, was the most effective against defoliators, followed by E. aromatica (12.97) reducing leaf damage by 39.64 and 28.74%, respectively. However, their efficacies against defoliating insects were not significantly different (p > 0.05) among other extracts. P. guineense was also more effective than other spices against infestations by garden eggplant fruit borer and larvae density on fruits with mean values of 1.07 and 0.47, respectively. Plots treated with P. guineense recorded highest fruit yield (629 g/plant), followed by E. aromatica (219.3 g/plant). Piper guineense and E. aromatica extracts were thus more efficacious than other spices against defoliating and fruit boring insects of garden eggplants. Adopting the applications of extracts from these spices in home garden will minimize environmental and health hazards associated chemical pesticides and enhance healthy living among the populace. Keywords: spices, aqueous extracts, garden eggplant, Leucinodes orbonalis.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of the effects of three local spices on nutrient and organoleptic qualities of rabbit meat

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
J. S. Ekpo ◽  
S. O. Sampson ◽  
G. D. Eyoh ◽  
I. M. Sam
Keyword(s):  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
African Black ◽  
Monodora Myristica

A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of three different spices of Monodora myristica (African Nutmeg), Zingiber officinale (Ginger), and Piper guineense (African Black Pepper) on nutrient composition and organoleptic characteristics of dried rabbit meats. The three spices collected as seeds were processed into meals and applied on the fresh meat cut (loin) obtained from 10 rabbit bucks. The treatments were arranged as: T (200g meat without 1 spice) which served as control, T (200g meat +5% Nutmeg) T (200g meat + 10% Nutmeg) 2 3 ,T (200g meat + 5% African Black Pepper) T (200g meat +10%) T (200g meat +5% 4 5 6 Ginger) T (200g meat +10% Ginger). Each treatment was oven-dried before presented to 7 taste panel that adjudged the test for colour, flavour, tenderness, juiciness and overall acceptability. Samples of each spice and the processed meat were analyzed for nutrient composition. Result obtained showed that the meat is made up of protein, 50.52%, fat 6.45%, ash 5.05%, fibre 3.23%. Proximate composition of Ginger showed that it was significantly (P<0.05) higher in protein and Ash but lowest in fat and fibre while Nutmeg recorded highest fat and lowest protein level. African Black Pepper however recorded highest (P<0.05) level of fibre. The mineral and Phytochemical results of the spices indicated that Ginger and Nutmeg contained moderate levels of Phenols, saponins and glycoside. However, Ginger was higher in flavonoid and Ca even as Nutmeg was higher in flavonoid and K. African black pepper was high in Saponins, Alkaloid, Cu and Na than other spices. Results also indicated that there were significant (P<0.05) differences in terms of flavour, tenderness and overall acceptability even as meat spiced with Zingiber officinale scored highest (P<0.05) in tenderness, flavour and overall acceptability at 5% and 10% level using a 9-point hedonic scale, followed by Monodora myristica, which was not different (P>0.05) from the control while the least score was recorded in Piper guineense. Similarly, nutritional composition of meats improved in terms of protein, ash and fibre significantly (P<0.05) especially Zingiber officinale in terms of increased protein, minerals and fibre while reducing fat compared to other spices.

Studies on the Seasonal Influence on the Occurrence of Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes Orbonalis Guenee) in Brinjal (Solanum Melongena L.) Var. Kkm-1

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
S. AYYANAR S. AYYANAR ◽  
◽  
Dr. M. A. K. Pillai Dr. M. A. K. Pillai ◽  
Dr. N. Murugesan Dr. N. Murugesan
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Seasonal Influence ◽  
Leucinodes Orbonalis ◽  
Fruit Borer

scholarly journals Prospects of botanical pesticides in management of Iroko gall bug, Phytolyma fusca (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) under laboratory and field conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Amaka Ugwu
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Milicia Excelsa ◽  
Contact Effects

Abstract Background Iroko gall bug, Phytolyma fusca Walker, is a major insect pest of Milicia excelsa (Iroko) seedling hampering its propagation in West Africa. Milicia excelsa is an indigenous forest timber tree in the tropical rain forest of West Africa with a very high value in international trade due to its wood quality. Sustainable management of P. fusca infestations on Iroko seedlings have not been achieved due to their cryptic nature and multivoltine generations. This study evaluated the residual and contact effects of crude ethanol and aqueous extracts of four plants (Azadirachta indica, Jatropha curcas, Piper guineense, and Aframomum melegueta) on adult P. fusca in the laboratory and field. Results All the extracts had residual effects and contact effects on adult insects in the laboratory at 75% and 100% concentrations of applications. Azadirachta indica, P. guineense, and A. melegueta gave 80–100% adult mortality at both concentrations in the laboratory; their efficacies were comparable to cypermethrin. The ethanol extracts of P. guineense and A. indica were more effective than other extracts in protecting the seedlings against Phytolyma infestations in the field. They significantly (p < 0.01) reduced infestation compared to other extracts and control. Ethanol extracts of the tested plant materials were more effective than their aqueous extracts both in the laboratory and field. Conclusion The results proved that P. guineense and A. indica extracts were very potent and promising in protecting Milicia excelsa seedlings against Phytolyma fusca infestations and they can be used in the early management of Phytolyma infestations in the field.

scholarly journals Appraisal of resistant genotypes against brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB), Leucinodes orbonalis, Guenee

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-231
Author(s):  
Hafija Sultana ◽  
Md Aabdul Mannan ◽  
Md Mostofa Kamal ◽  
Khan Golam Quddus ◽  
Shimul Das
Keyword(s):  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Leucinodes Orbonalis ◽  
Fruit Borer ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Fruit Damage ◽  
Shoot Damage ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

The main purpose of this study was to find out the best variety of brinjal having resistance to BSFB. A pot experiment was carried out at the germplasm centre, Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna during February 2014 to August 2014. The experiment was laid out in CRD using thirteen varieties with five replications. The varieties were V1=BARI begun-1, V2=BARI begun-4, V3=BARI begun-5, V4=BARI begun-6, V5=BARI begun-7, V6=BARI begun-8, V7=BARI begun-9, V8=BARI begun-10, V9=Makra, V10=Muktokashi, V11=Lalita, V12=Hazra, V13=Chaga. Data were collected on total number of shoot, total number of infested shoot, percentage of shoot damage, percentage of shoot infestation reduction, numbers of larvae per infested shoot, total number of fruit, percentage of fruit damage, percentage of fruit infestation reduction, numbers of larvae per infested fruit. Results have shown that the minimum shoot infestation was found in BARI begun-6 (29.60%, 32.40%, 29.86% and 29.38%, respectively at four different stages of eggplant). Percent of fruit infestation was minimum in V4 (BARI begun-6) (25.16%, 27.42% and 25.40% at three stages respectively).J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(2): 227-231, August 2018

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