Internationalization of open and flexible learning: planning and managing in a global environment

Author(s):  
J L Van der Walt

Most practitioners in the field of flexible learning seem to be sufficiently aware of the importance of catering to the needs of their students. However, it appears that many are rather more conscious of the needs of the students as a group than as individuals per se. Others seem to be rather more concerned about the technology involved. After touching on the foundationalist and non-, post- or anti-foundationalist approaches to the problem of individualisation in flexible learning, the article discusses a number of guidelines for individualisation from a post-post-foundationalist perspective. This is followed by a section in which these guidelines are presented in practical terms. This outline of guidelines reveals that attempting to individualise from this perspective is no simple and straightforward matter, but that there might be practitioners in the field of flexible learning (open distance learning and blended learning) who already are following this approach as a best practice. A post-post-foundationalist approach to individualisation in flexible learning offers practitioners in the field a whole new vocabulary.


2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veljko Trivun ◽  
Fatima Mahmutćehajić ◽  
Vedad Silajdžić

Author(s):  
Amelia Tuminaro

U.S. parent corporations should be held liable for environmental pollution caused by their foreign subsidiaries. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) already holds parent corporations liable in some ways for pollution caused by domestic subsidiaries. Regulations similar to CERCLA's could be applied extraterritorially and would be facilitated by abrogation of two common law principles: limited liability and forum non conveniens. Extraterritorial application of U.S. environmental regulations would greatly enhance transnational corporations' environmental behavior and facilitate just adjudication of plaintiffs' claims against irresponsible companies. Establishing the corporate parent's liability and upholding U.S. environmental standards in such cases would end many current hazardous practices that create pollution in developing countries.


2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-44
Author(s):  
Eva Svitačová ◽  
Tímea Šeben Zaťková

Globalization of education is closely connected to increasing personality requirements for university teachers who should be well-educated professionals as well as mature personalities coping with interactions not only within the environment of their faculty or university, but also in the broader new global environment. As they are expected to provide complex training of the graduates for the practice in the globalized world, they are supposed to have mastered not only professional and pedagogical competences, but also social competences which belong amongst the key competences. This contribution deals with the issue of social competences amongst which we also include specific group of global skills. The issue of competences can be perceived as a challenge for the whole educational system, including the training of future teachers who in the new global environment gradually change into global teachers. For realization of educational activities at universities in the new global environment intercultural and global competencies or global skills are important in particular. Not only they facilitate fulfilling of educational goals, they also provide complex training of the graduates for the practice in different fields of science and technology with regard to the the fact that they will then realize teaching in the new global economic and social environment. At the same time they provide easier communication and cooperation with different subjects at schools, universities and in the broader social environment. In the contribution we provide a summary of definitions and opinions of different authors on this issue. Currently these are considered to make a part of the “professional competence” of a global teacher who can understand the changes in the global environment and react to them flexibly through his pedagogical activities. No matter to what extent the competencies along with knowledge and skills are considered to represent goals and simultaneously results of education, social competences of university teachers should be currently perceived as an issue that demands increasing attention also from university pedagogy which is understood as an important prerequisite of quality pedagogical work of a university teacher. This issue actually became a matter of interest of numerous university workplaces.


2020 ◽  
pp. 124967
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Hongyu Chen ◽  
Surendra Sarsaiya ◽  
Shiyi Qin ◽  
Huimin Liu ◽  
...  

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