THE CONTRIBUTION OF EDUCATION IN THE UNITED KINGDOM TO NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

Terrorism and Tourism

Tourism ◽

10.37741/t.70.1.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 28-42

Author(s):

Mustafa Göktuğ Kaya ◽

Stephen Taiwo Onifade ◽

Ayhan Akpınar

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

United Kingdom ◽

International Cooperation ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Monthly Data ◽

Terror Attacks ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Long Run ◽

Tourism Sector ◽

Continuous Support

The booming tourism sector in Turkey has resulted in major economic gains in terms of direct revenues to both government and private sectors alike. Turkey had more than 45 million visits in 2018, and top inbound arrivals were from Russia and European Union (EU) members, such as Germany, the United Kingdom, and Bulgaria, among others (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD], 2020). However, terrorism is becoming a challenge to tourism development. This study explores terrorism–tourism dynamics in Turkey. The short- and long-run impacts of terror attacks on tourism revenues were examined within the framework of an autoregressive lag (ARDL) model using monthly data for the period between 2012 and 2018. The empirical findings did not support terrorism's effects on tourism revenues. However, in the long run, terror-related casualties and fatalities on tourism revenues had different effects. The findings affirm that the casualty rate has a stronger impact on terrorism–tourism dynamics in Turkey because a 1% increase in reported injuries from terror attacks hampers revenues by approximately 0.1%. Hence, adequate and continuous support for general security establishments is imperative while strengthening commitments to the international cooperation on the war against terrorism to proactively contain the undesirable impacts of terrorism in the Turkish tourism industry,

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Viewpoint

Art Libraries Journal ◽

10.1017/s030747220000047x ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 2-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

John Matthews

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

United Kingdom ◽

New Zealand ◽

International Cooperation ◽

United States Of America ◽

The United States ◽

International Conference ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Considerable Discussion ◽

Formal Session

Although the ARLIS International Conference in April was primarily devoted to the study of art periodicals, considerable discussion, and one formal session, concerned the desirability of an international art libraries society, ARLIS International. With delegates from Australia and New Zealand, Canada, Eire, France, Germany, Holland, Nigeria, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America, it was apparent that some consensus of opinion could be taken which would reflect the need for international cooperation between art libraries.

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