Gender, segmented labour markets, continental welfare states and equal employment policies, the case of Spain 1

2019 ◽  
pp. 195-218
Author(s):  
Celia Valiente
Keyword(s):  
Welfare States ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Employment Policies ◽  
Equal Employment ◽  
Continental Welfare States

The South European Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 843-862
Author(s):  
Maurizio Ferrera
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
State Building ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Employment Opportunities

In Southern Europe, welfare state building followed a distinct path, characterized by ‘weak Fordism’ in labour markets, a dualistic social insurance, and a faulty and fragmented safety net. The (extended) family thus played a key role as welfare and income provider for its members, penalizing women’s autonomy and employment opportunities. The 1990s and 2000s witnessed substantial efforts to modernize both labour markets and social protection schemes, by recalibrating their coverage both across risks and social groups. However, the economic crisis of the 2010s halted such recalibration and the gap with Europe’s more developed welfare states has again started to widen, especially in Italy and Greece.

scholarly journals Women at work! Evaluating equal employment policies and outcomes in construction

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica French ◽  
Glenda Strachan
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Employment Policies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Or Management ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Equal Employment ◽  
Male Dominated

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine equal employment policies in Australia’s male-dominated construction industry and categorise the types of activities undertaken against an equal employment typology to identify links to outcomes for women in the form of increased participation and management. Design/methodology/approach – To explore the issue of low representation of women in construction through the content analysis of 83 construction organisations’ equal employment opportunity (EEO) reports. Findings – This industry is not engaging with equal employment issues and the numbers of women working in the industry and/or management are based on individual decision rather than an institutional commitment to equality in diversity. Research limitations/implications – Australian legislation mandates organisational reporting of relevant data and offers public access to this information offering a unique data set. Practical implications – An ageing population means that the predominately older male workforce is leaving construction in greater numbers with fewer potential replacements making new labour markets a vital consideration. Social implications – Legislation and organisational policies designed to promote EEO for women have existed in numerous countries for decades. One objective of this legislation was to reduce male domination in senior positions and industries/occupations where women were under-represented. Despite this, few women are employed in construction in operational or management roles worldwide. Originality/value – This study offers a comprehensive analysis of a male-dominated industry in one jurisdiction rather than a few selected cases and uses a broader rigorous typology for analysis that acknowledges both equal and different treatment options.

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