The Road to Multiculturalism in South Korea

2021 ◽

pp. 036119812199906

Author(s):

Byeongjoon Noh ◽

Dongho Ka ◽

David Lee ◽

Hwasoo Yeo

Keyword(s):

South Korea ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

The Road ◽

Video Footage ◽

Premature Deaths ◽

Vehicle Velocity ◽

Behavioral Features ◽

Velocity Changes ◽

On The Road

Road traffic accidents are a leading cause of premature deaths and globally pose a severe threat to human lives. In particular, pedestrians crossing the road present a major cause of vehicle–pedestrian accidents in South Korea, but we lack dense behavioral data to understand the risk they face. This paper proposes a new analytical system for potential pedestrian risk scenes based on video footage obtained by road security cameras already deployed at unsignalized crosswalks. The system can automatically extract the behavioral features of vehicles and pedestrians, affecting the likelihood of potentially dangerous situations after detecting them in individual objects. With these features, we can analyze the movement patterns of vehicles and pedestrians at individual sites, and understand where potential traffic risk scenes occur frequently. Experiments were conducted on four selected behavioral features: vehicle velocity, pedestrian position, vehicle–pedestrian distance, and vehicle–crosswalk distance. Then, to show how they can be useful for monitoring the traffic behaviors on the road, the features are visualized and interpreted to show how they may or may not contribute to potential pedestrian risks at these crosswalks: (i) by analyzing vehicle velocity changes near the crosswalk when there are no pedestrians present; and (ii) analyzing vehicle velocities by vehicle–pedestrian distances when pedestrians are on the crosswalk. The feasibility of the proposed system is validated by applying the system to multiple unsignalized crosswalks in Osan city, South Korea.

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Source Characteristics of Atmospheric CO2 and CH4 in a Northeastern Highland Area of South Korea

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11050509 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 509

Author(s):

Hyeon-Kook Kim ◽

Chang-Keun Song ◽

Sung-Chul Hong ◽

Myung-Hwan Shin ◽

Jeonghyeon Seo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Korea ◽

Manufacturing Industry ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Atmospheric Co2 ◽

Emission Sources ◽

Source Information ◽

Highland Area ◽

The Road ◽

Source Characteristics ◽

Global Emission

This study aims to present the atmospheric CO2 and CH4 levels and analyze their source characteristics at an observation station in a northeastern highland area of Korea for the 2012–2014 period. We summarized the measured CO2 and CH4 concentrations for the 2012–2014 period. In addition, we characterized the major source of the rise of CO2 and CH4 in Ganseong (GS) by employing bivariate polar plots (BPP) and the concentration weighted trajectory (CWT) method together with currently available information on emission sources. For the three years, CO2 was generally high in the order of winter, spring, autumn and summer and CH4 high in the order of winter, autumn, spring and summer. The observed positive correlations between the hourly CO2 and CH4 in every season suggested the possibility of shared common emission sources, but there is a necessity for elucidation on this in the future. The BPP analysis indicated the local sources that are likely to be associated with the rise of greenhouse gases (GHGs) observed at GS (combustion in the village, plant respirations nearby GS, and mobile emissions on the nearby road for CO2 and leakages from the gas stations along the road and agricultural activities for CH4). Synthesizing the CWT results together with emission source information from national and global emission inventories, we identified likely major source areas and characterized major emission sources. For example, the identified major sources for the winter CO2 are coal combustion, coal washing and industrial activities in Inner Mongolia, northern and the northeastern China, fuel burning for the energy for the infrastructure of a northwestern city in South Korea, and the manufacturing industry and fuel combustion in the northern parts of North Korea. Hopefully, these kinds of results will aid environmental researchers and decision-makers in performing more in-depth studies for GHG sources in order to derive effective mitigation strategies.

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South Korea and the Socialist Countries: The Politics of Trade. By Dan C. Sanford. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990. xv, 138 pp. $45.00. - Korea 1991: The Road to Peace. Edited by Michael J. Mazarr, John Q. Blodgett, Cha Young-Koo, and William J. TaylorJr. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1991. vi, 250 pp.

The Journal of Asian Studies ◽

10.2307/2058061 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 404-405

Author(s):

Young Whan Kihl

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

South Korea ◽

The Road

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พัฒนาการทางการเมืองและเส้นทางสู่ประชาธิปไตยของไทยและเกาหลีใต้ (Political Development and the Road to Democracy between Thailand and South Korea)

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3228420 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Boonwat Sawangwong

Keyword(s):

South Korea ◽

Political Development ◽

The Road

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Is Trans-Korean Railway Solely a Symbol of Peace in the Korean Peninsula?

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12239815 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (23) ◽

pp. 9815

Author(s):

Minha Lee ◽

Suh-Yong Chung

Keyword(s):

South Korea ◽

Health Risks ◽

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Korean Peninsula ◽

Rail Transport ◽

Low Carbon ◽

The Road ◽

Road Freight ◽

Low Carbon Development ◽

Local Station

The islandic geopolitical situation of South Korea led the road-centered development and the road freight share reached 97% in 2015. Trans-Korean Railway, thus, is the key to low carbon development of South Korea. With the Trans-Korean Railway, the export freights for Eurasia can be loaded at a local station for a direct rail transport instead of current d-touring road-ship intermodal transport. This will trigger domestic rail facilitation and reduce road externalities. The corresponding reduction of the shuttle shipment among South Korea–China–Russia may further contribute towards the environmental sustainability of the Yellow and East Seas. Yet, Trans-Korean Railway is considered as a symbol of “peace in Korean Peninsula” that there has not been a sufficient research on the environmental, social, and economic impacts of the Trans-Korean Railway connection. This paper, accounting on various phenomenal evidence including air pollution (environmental), public health risks and high fatality (social) and logistics inefficiency (economic), argues for the needs to change the discussion perspective on the Trans-Korean Railway from traditional politics to its environmental, social, and economic values.

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Seeking to uncover biology's chemical roots

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences ◽

10.1042/etls20190012 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 435-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Addy Pross

Keyword(s):

Environmental Changes ◽

Biological Systems ◽

Significant Development ◽

The Road ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Systems Chemistry ◽

Biological World ◽

Inanimate Matter ◽

The Origin Of Life ◽

Opening Up

Despite the considerable advances in molecular biology over the past several decades, the nature of the physical–chemical process by which inanimate matter become transformed into simplest life remains elusive. In this review, we describe recent advances in a relatively new area of chemistry, systems chemistry, which attempts to uncover the physical–chemical principles underlying that remarkable transformation. A significant development has been the discovery that within the space of chemical potentiality there exists a largely unexplored kinetic domain which could be termed dynamic kinetic chemistry. Our analysis suggests that all biological systems and associated sub-systems belong to this distinct domain, thereby facilitating the placement of biological systems within a coherent physical/chemical framework. That discovery offers new insights into the origin of life process, as well as opening the door toward the preparation of active materials able to self-heal, adapt to environmental changes, even communicate, mimicking what transpires routinely in the biological world. The road to simplest proto-life appears to be opening up.

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