Railway efficiency. Metodological aspects

Improving market competitiveness and economic efficiency was the objective behind the demonopolisation and liberalisation of the railway sector in the European Union. Achieving this objective remains important and crucial to the development of a single rail transport market. The transport performance and financial results of the sector under the new, separative organisational structure of railways in the EU is the result of the action of many different actors, private operators and public entities. This significantly complicates the development of uniform and clear comparable performance evaluation indicators for the sector and makes comparative analyses difficult. Moreover, the specific situation of railways in the EU as a tool for implementing environmental and social policy may conflict with the requirements of financial efficiency. The article presents determinants and methods of measuring railway efficiency proposed by researchers and practitioners.

Research on possibilities for monitoring stability of adjacent slopes to transport routes

Development of human society also implies modernization, respectively extension a road and railway transport structures. From this perspective, in order to achieve performance in the field of traffic safety, actions are also required to monitor the slopes, tailings dumps (active or greened) adjacent to transport routes where there are uncertainties regarding their stability. Ignoring stability and landslides can lead to loss of life, as well as significant material damage. Thus, the paper mainly addresses the issue of monitoring the slopes adjacent to road and rail transport routes where there are uncertainties regarding the control of landslides, as well as possibility of alerting before this occurs. From the multitude of possible solutions to be applied in the field, an equipment was developed and realized, which was experienced in real working conditions, and the results confirm validity of assumptions and certify the operation.

The use of logistics principles in the organization of local work

In the context of growing competition between rail transport and other transport types, there is a need to improve the transportation process. In modern conditions, railway transport is the main link in the logistics chain of moving goods from the shipper to the receiver. The efficiency of the railway transport complex can be improved by using logistics principles in the organization of local work on the network sections. In this study, we suggest ways to solve the problem of improving the quality of service for freight owners and the efficiency of organizing local work, which is relevant for railways. To make decisions aimed at improving the efficiency of the organization of local work, a procedure for determining the costs of organizing and promoting local trains was developed, taking into account the costs on maintaining the railway infrastructure. Not only the operational activity of the railways, but also the quality of transport customers service, compliance with the regulatory deadlines for cargo delivery, depends on the choice of the optimal option for organizing local car traffic into trains and their promotion along the section. The option is selected by comparing the costs for each of the possible options for organizing local car traffic into trains and moving them along the section.

PRODUCTION OF THE SORPTION SHEET FROM COMPOSITE MATERIALS AS A LIQUIDATION AGENT FOR SPILL RESPONSE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ON TRANSPORT

The article raises the issues of rail transport in many countries, including the European Union and Ukraine, transportation of various classes of dangerous goods, ensuring safety during their transportation, strengthening technical standards and environmental requirements for safety of dangerous goods transportation by all modes of transport and the problem of localization and liquidation of accidents during transportation of various classes of dangerous goods by rail is raised. Methods and methods of localization and elimination of spills of dangerous goods are discussed, the sorption method is described as the chosen method to solve the problem, a brief description of sorbents is given, various variants and modifications of materials for carbon sorbents are presented, materials will be used for universal sorption web, method of obtaining a universal sorption web, demonstrated a special installation for carbonization (Carbonizer), which was slightly modernized and made by the authors according to the design of the Engels University. The method of conducting experiments is described. The characteristics of the universal sorption web, its sorption properties are given, and also the technique of using the universal sorption web as a means for localization and / or liquidation of liquid hazardous substances of 3, 5, 8 hazard classes is proposed.

MODEL AND METHODS OF MANAGEMENT OF EFFICIENCY OF USE OF PRODUCTION AND TECHNOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF ROLLING STOCK OF RAIL TRANSPORT

The article considers the problems management of efficiency of use of production and technological potential of rolling stock of rail transport. It is investigated that to improve the efficiency of functioning requires a comprehensive solution of many problems, with the rational use of labor, material and labor resources. A set of many tasks aimed at improving and ensuring the level of efficiency of rail transport facilities and systems is considered. It is investigated that in order to achieve the required level of efficiency of rolling stock operation it is necessary to improve the management process by system model of the set of problems of efficiency of use of production and technological potential of work of rail transport.As a result of solving the problema mathematical model of the set of problems was proposed, which became the basis for building a system model of the set of problems. The decomposition method and AllFusion Process Modeler software were used to build the system model. The paper considers the task of ensuring the required level of efficiency in the use of production and technological potential of rolling stock and the proposed ways to solve it. There is also a comprehensive review of objects, systems and processes, which involves their identification, providing a formalized description. On the basis of which a model and method of diagnosis were proposed, which inopen the possibility of interaction between the management of the subsystem of diagnostics and planning of work of objects and systems of rolling stock on the basis of the actual technical condition. The solution in this way will increase the indicators of the main aspects of production and technological potential, which is the purpose of this work.

MODELING OF VIBRATION PROCESSES OF PASSENGER CAR BODY

The quality of rail transport largely depends on the comfortable and safe movement of passengers. By the method of computer modeling, the frequencies and modes of vibration of the body, which have a negative effect on the human body, were found.