Human Sociality as Mutual Orientation in a Rich Interactive Environment: Multimodal Utterances and Pointing in Aphasia

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-125
Author(s):  
Charles Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Orientation ◽  
Interactive Environment

Role of the Small (40S) Subunits in the Structure of the Interface of Eukaryotic Ribosomes

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
M. Boublik ◽  
N. Robakis ◽  
W. Hellmann ◽  
F. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Structural Similarity ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Peptide Bond ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Mutual Orientation ◽  
Mutual Position ◽  
Peptide Bond Formation ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Direct Technique ◽  
Structural Details

Ribosomes are ribonucleoprotein particles which process the genetic information coded in mRNA into protein synthesis. The analogy in function and composition of ribosomes from various sources, both prokaryotic and eukaryo-tic, imply a structural similarity. At present, high resolution electron microscopy is the most direct technique with a potential to resolve the extent of the structural homology of ribosomal particles at a macromolecular level. The structure of ribosomes is highly complex as a result of the large number of their constituents. In general, 80S eukaryotic monosomes consist of two uneven subunits - large (60S) and small (40S) - accomodating four different RNAs and approximately 80 different proteins. Mutual orientation of both subunits on the monosome is of particular interest because it determines the interface, the supposed site of interactions of ribosomes with other macro-molecules involved in peptide bond formation. Since entrapping of the contrasting solution (0.5% aqueous uranyl acetate) obscures all structural details in the interface, information on its architecture is limited to an indirect reconstruction based on the established 3-D structure of both sub-units and their mutual position after association.

The effect of acceptor modification upon the synthesis of dinucleoside phosphates catalyzed by non-specific ribonucleases of Penicillium claviforme

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 613-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina I. Gulyaeva ◽  
Antonín Holý
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Center ◽  
Hydroxy Group ◽  
Pyrimidine Ring ◽  
Phosphate Group ◽  
Mutual Orientation ◽  
Acceptor Molecule ◽  
Heterocyclic Base ◽  
Sugar Moiety ◽  
Cyclic Phosphate ◽  
Penicillium Claviforme

The present paper studies the effect of the modification of heterocyclic base, sugar moiety and the presence of phosphate group on the nucleoside acceptors in the synthesis of dinucleoside phosphates from adenosine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate as donor, catalyzed by nonspecific acidic extracellular and intracellular ribonucleases from Penicillium claviforme. The enzyme binds specifically the acceptor molecule, preferring cytosine nucleosides. It requires the presence of the whole sugar moiety, an exact mutual orientation of the heterocyclic base and the reaction center (5'-hydroxy group), and a suitable conformation of the acceptor molecule. The enzyme-acceptor bond is homochiral and the presence of the N3-H group in the pyrimidine ring is important. The reaction between the donor and the acceptor is bimolecular and is competitively inhibited by some purine nucleosides.

Phenomena due to Forces at Crystal Faces as studied by Mutual Orientation

1931 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 2005-2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Sloat ◽  
A. W. C. Menzies
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Orientation

Learning Chinese Formulaic Expressions in a Scenario-Based Interactive Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoko Taguchi ◽  
Qiong Li ◽  
Xiaofei Tang
Keyword(s):  
Interactive Environment

scholarly journals Creating relationship continuity across projects in the construction industry

IMP Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malena Ingemansson Havenvid ◽  
Elsebeth Holmen ◽  
Åse Linné ◽  
Ann-Charlott Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Mutual Orientation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Construction Firms ◽  
Relationship Continuity ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Strategy Types ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship continuity across projects among actors in the construction industry, and to discuss why and how such continuity takes place. Design/methodology/approach The authors draw on the results from four in-depth case studies illustrating different strategies for pursuing relationship continuity. The results are analysed and discussed in light of the oft-mentioned strategies suggested by Mintzberg (1987): emergent, deliberate and deliberately emergent strategies. Furthermore, the ARA-model is used to discuss why the relationship continuity strategies are pursued, and which factors might enable and constrain the relationship continuity. Findings The main findings are twofold. First, the authors found that the strategy applied for pursuing relationship continuity may, in one-time period, contain one type of strategy or a mix of strategy types. Second, the type of strategy may evolve over time, from one type of strategy being more pronounced in one period, to other strategies being more pronounced in later periods. The strategies applied by construction firms and their counterparts can thus contain elements of emergent, deliberate and deliberately emergent strategies, in varying degrees over time. It is also shown that the strategies of the involved actors co-evolve as a result of interaction. Also, the main reasons for pursuing continuity appear to lie in the re-use and development of important resources and activities across projects to create efficiency and the possibility to develop mutual orientation, commitment and trust over time, and thus reduce uncertainty. Research limitations/implications Further empirical studies are needed to support the findings. For managers, the main implication is that relationship continuity can arise as part of an emerging interaction pattern between firms or as part of a planned strategy, but that elements of both might be needed to sustain it. Originality/value The authors combine Mintzberg’s strategy concepts with the ARA-model to bring new light to the widely debated issue of discontinuity and fragmentation in the construction industry.

A Comprehensive Overview of AI-Enabled Music Classification and Its Influence in Games

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiancheng Yang ◽  
Shah Nazir
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Music Classification ◽  
Interactive Tools ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Interactive Environment ◽  
Assisted Technologies

Abstract With the development and advancement of information technology, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are applied in every sector of life. Among these applications, music is one of them which has gained attention in the last couple of years. The music industry is revolutionized with AIbased innovative and intelligent techniques. It is very convenient for composers to compose music of high quality using these technologies. Artificial intelligence and Music (AIM) is one of the emerging fields used to generate and manage sounds for different media like the Internet, games, etc. Sounds in the games are very effective and can be made more attractive by implementing AI approaches. The quality of sounds in the game directly impacts the productivity and experience of the player. With computer-assisted technologies, the game designers can create sounds for different scenarios or situations like horror and suspense and provide gamer information. The practical and productive audio of a game can guide visually impaired people during other events in the game. For the better creation and composition of music, good quality of knowledge about musicology is essential. Due to AIM, there are a lot of intelligent and interactive tools available for the efficiency and effective learning of music. The learners can be provided with a very reliable and interactive environment based on artificial intelligence. The current study has considered presenting a detailed overview of the literature available in the area of research. The study has demonstrated literature analysis from various perspectives, which will become evidence for researchers to devise novel solutions in the field.

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