Women on corporate boards in Poland and Estonia in the context of the EU gender equality policy 1

2018 ◽  
pp. 90-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Pachocka ◽  
Aleksandra Szczerba-Zawada ◽  
Diana Eerma
2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia Ben-Galim ◽  
Mary Campbell ◽  
Jane Lewis

In 2007 the UK established a new single equalities body, to bring together the existing equality Commissions dealing with gender, disability, and race and ethnicity into a Commission for Equality and Human Rights. The promotion and enforcement of ‘equality and diversity’ is one of the three duties of the new body. This paper briefly explores diversity in relation to the theory of gender equality and also examines developments in policy at the EU level, which has provided much of the impetus for change. Our focus is on the policy approach and the tensions that the policy documents reveal about the emphasis on equality and diversity approach, in particular the extent to which attention to gender issues may get lost in the diversity bundle, and the extent to which a focus on the individual may be strengthened over the group.


Author(s):  
Anna Elomäki

Abstract The article analyzes (i) how the increasing demand for empirical evidence about the economic impacts of gender equality transforms expert knowledge about gender equality in the European Union (EU) and (ii) the implications of these transformations. The article argues that the much-debated discursive economization of gender equality in the EU context is underpinned by the economization of expert knowledge about gender equality—the increasing reliance on mainstream economics to support gender equality claims. This has increased the influence of gender-biased economics knowledge and its modes of knowledge production in EU gender equality policy.


2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 362-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Spehar

The European Union (EU) is one of the world’s most important policy promoters for gender equality. This article examines the benefits and limitations of EU gender equality policy making in two Western Balkan countries, Croatia and FYR Macedonia. Besides analyzing specific gender policy developments that can be attributed to the EU, particular focus is put on the women’s movement activists’ perceptions of the impact that accession may have on women and gender equality. The study demonstrates that while the Croatian and Macedonian EU accession processes have been beneficial to the introduction of new gender legislation and institutional mechanisms for the advancement of gender equality, the EU gender strategy has also shown serious limitations. Among these—and perhaps the most fundamental—is the strong contrast between stated goals and their actual implementation. I argue that unless profound institutional changes as well as changes in political culture take place in Croatia and Macedonia, the poor compliance with EU gender equality norms and policies will be hard to overcome.


Gender equality is a very important topic in todays business world that involves the prevention of discrimination and different protection measures for women promotion not only in activities of human resource management such as recruitment, working conditions, training and different benefits, but also in corporate management functions, at board and top level of management. Countries take different approaches in terms of institutional support and setting quotas to increase women presence at boards and top management of the corporations.Across Europe different policies and initiatives are undertaken to increase number of women on corporate boards. In 2011 the Croatian Parliament adopted the National Policy on Gender Equality This policy aims to create a gender balance of supervisory and management board members in the public and private sectors by ensuring that the share of the women to the Act on Gender Equality, does not fall below 40%. This Policy does not appear to be properly implemented in practice. Statistical data from 2017 shows that share of women on boards of the leading Croatian companies is 17.3%, according to the CROBEX Index which measures the share of women in management positions in the most important companies on the Zagreb Stock Exchange. In 2017 share of women in corporate boards decrease comparing with 2015 and 2016 when it was above 20%. According to the latest available data from the European Commission in April 2016, women are most numerous on corporate boards in France (37.1%), Sweden (36.1%),Italy (30.0%) and Finland (29.8%). The aim of the paper is to analyse position of women on corporate boards in the Republic of Croatia and do the comparison among Croatia and other EU countries with the critical approach to the analysis of secondary data, European Union directives and national policies.


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