Males as Sexual Assault Victims: Multiple Levels of Trauma

Abstract Background Nonoccupational post exposure prophylaxis (nPEP) following sexual assault can prevent HIV transmission. A standardized Emergency Department (ED) protocol for evaluation, treatment, and follow up for post assault victims was implemented to improve compliance with CDC nPEP guidelines. Methods A single-center observational study of post sexual assault patients before/after implementation of an ED nPEP protocol was conducted by comparing the appropriateness of prescriptions, labs, and necessary follow up. A standardized order-set based on CDC nPEP guidelines, with involvement of an HIV pharmacist and ID clinic, was implemented during the 2018-2019 academic year. Clinical data from pre-intervention period (07/2016-06/2017) was compared to post-intervention period (07/2018-08/2019) following a 1-year washout period. Results During the study, 147 post-sexual assault patients (59 Pre, 88 Post) were included. One hundred thirty-three (90.4%) were female, 68 (46.6%) were African American and 133 (90.4%) were candidates for nPEP. Median time to presentation following assault was 12.6 hours. nPEP was offered to 40 (67.8%) and 84 (95.5%) patients (P< 0.001) and ultimately prescribed to 29 (49.2%) and 71 (80.7%) patients (P< 0.001) in pre and post periods respectively. Renal function (37.3% vs 88.6%; P< 0.001), pregnancy (39.0% vs 79.6%; P< 0.001), syphilis (3.4% vs 89.8%; P< 0.001), hepatitis B (15.3% vs 95.5%; P< 0.001) and hepatitis C (27.1% vs 94.3%) screening occurred more frequently during the post period. Labratory, nPEP Prescription and Follow up Details for Patients Prescribed nPEP Conclusion The standardization of an nPEP ED protocol for sexual assault victims resulted in increased nPEP administration, appropriateness of prescription, screening for other sexually transmitted infectious and scheduling follow up care. While guideline compliance dramatically improved, further interventions are likely warranted in this vulnerable population. Disclosures Ryan K. Dare, MD, MS, Accelerate Diagnostics, Inc (Research Grant or Support)

Download Full-text

Impact of Trauma on Adult Sexual Assault Victims: What the Criminal Justice System Needs to Know

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3417763 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Lori Haskell ◽

Melanie Randall

Keyword(s):

Criminal Justice ◽

Sexual Assault ◽

Criminal Justice System ◽

Justice System ◽

Adult Sexual Assault ◽

Assault Victims

Download Full-text

Making the Call: College Students’ Legal Consciousness and Hypothetical Activation of Police for Sexual Assaults

Violence Against Women ◽

10.1177/10778012211021121 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107780122110211

Author(s):

Trish Oberweis ◽

Dayna Henry ◽

Stacey Griner ◽

Ekaterina Gorislavsky

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Sexual Assault ◽

Sexual Contact ◽

Legal Consciousness ◽

Sexual Assault Prevention ◽

Sexual Assaults ◽

Assault Victims ◽

Definition Of ◽

Willingness To Report ◽

Assault Prevention

Research has identified the necessity of sexual assault victims to label their experience as criminal to initiate reporting. However, barriers exist in labeling uninvited sexual contact as criminal. This study examined college students’ assessments of whether eight nonconsensual behaviors met the legal definition of sexual assault, and whether such behaviors should be reported to police. Results indicated students acknowledged the nonconsensual behaviors as criminal; however, gaps were identified between awareness that the acts were criminal and willingness to report to police. Findings demonstrate a need for continued efforts for sexual assault prevention among college students.

Download Full-text

Audit on management of sexual assault victims attending an integrated sexual health service in Coventry

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/0956462419832102 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (9) ◽

pp. 911-914

Author(s):

Billakanti Swarna Kumari ◽

Shyamalie Bopitiya ◽

Anne Bassinder ◽

Satyajit Das

Keyword(s):

Sexual Assault ◽

Health Service ◽

Sexual Health ◽

Holistic Approach ◽

Ethnic Origin ◽

Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽

Transmitted Infection ◽

Sexual Health Service ◽

Assault Victims ◽

Hiv Risk Assessment

The management of victims of sexual assault need a holistic approach. The British Association of Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) has set up standards for the management of sexual assault victims attending Sexual Health Clinics. We audited the management of victims of sexual assault attending an integrated sexual health service against recommendations from the latest BASHH guidelines. We included the recommendations and implementations already in place following an earlier audit in 2013 using the same guideline. Sixty-seven individuals identified themselves as victims of sexual assault. Most were of white ethnic origin (78%), female (96%) and the commonest age group was 18–25 years (39%). We achieved the 100% target in recording the date of assault, offering baseline sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening, HIV risk assessment, offer of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV where applicable and offer of emergency contraception. We were below the 100% target for other categories but improved compared to the previous audit except in recording the time when the first dose of PEP for HIV was given. The BASHH guideline has 14 auditable standards, all with a target of 100%. Our audit cycle completed in three years showed considerable improvement in achieving the standards in the management of Sexual Assault Victims. We hope this will encourage other centres audit their practice against the standards set by BASHH.

Download Full-text

Factors That Influence the Variability in Findings of Anogenital Injury in Adolescent/Adult Sexual Assault Victims

American Journal of Forensic Medicine & Pathology ◽

10.1097/paf.0b013e31829a0f46 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 286-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Fred A. Laitinen ◽

Oliver Grundmann ◽

E. J. Ernst

Keyword(s):

Sexual Assault ◽

Adult Sexual Assault ◽

Assault Victims

Download Full-text

‘You should tell somebody’: An evaluation of a survivor stories blog project to motivate sexual assault victims

Health Education Journal ◽

10.1177/00178969211016497 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 001789692110164

Author(s):

Rachel E Riggs

Keyword(s):

Sexual Assault ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Thematic Analysis ◽

Social Cognitive ◽

Cognitive Theory ◽

Positive Health ◽

Sexual Assault Survivors ◽

Assault Victims ◽

Positive Health Outcomes ◽

Blog Posts

Objective: Sexual assault victims often do not disclose their assaults or seek positive health outcomes. The RAINN Survivor Stories project shares testimonials in the form of online blogs from sexual assault survivors to motivate and encourage others to come forward and disclose their assaults. This study aimed to better understand the themes present in the survivor stories to motivate victims to disclose their assaults and seek positive health outcomes. Design: A theoretical thematic analysis was conducted on blog posts created for the project to identify (a) how the posts tell survivor stories and (b) how the posts model positive health outcomes using social cognitive theory and the disclosure processes model as a guide. Setting: Online setting linked to the rainn.org website. Method: Blog posts were collected for inductive thematic analysis. Themes were identified based on their prevalence in the data and their pertinence to the research questions. Results: Emerging themes included (a) overcoming initial disclosure, (b) overcoming the lasting effects of victimisation, (c) utilising support and (d) advocating for others after assault. Conclusion: Findings offer insight to researchers and practitioners creating media messages for sexual assault victims and other stigmatised groups by expanding understanding of modelled positive health outcomes in media and the disclosure process of victims.

Download Full-text