Institutionalizing global genetic resource commons for food and agriculture

2012 ◽  
pp. 379-402
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Food And Agriculture

Development of national animal genetic resource programs

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Animal Genetic Resource ◽  
Genetic Diversity Management

Globally, animal genetic resources are contracting due to economic forces. As a result, during the 1990s there was a dramatic increase in national animal genetic resource activities. Many national programmes were initiated and the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations played a prominent role in coalescing national actions. Nationally, programmes have been initiated that comprise of in situ, ex situ and information-exchange efforts. A critical element to national conservation efforts is the development of cryopreserved collections of germplasm. Several countries have initiated substantial multispecies collections of cryopreserved germplasm. The selection of animals within breeds of interest is an important consideration in building cryopreserved collections. Animal selection should be based on a lack of genetic relationship, with sufficient numbers of animals to ensure the capture of rare alleles. Major issues facing repository development and genetic conservation are: (1) that all breeds are in need of genetic diversity management; (2) a better understanding of in situ breed population dynamics is needed; and (3) the concept that repository collections can be used by a broad range of clientele across time as well as during emergency situations.

Why should we become involved in the State of the World of Animal Genetic Resources process? A view from Asia

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
P.N. Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
The State ◽  
Farm Animal ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
Animal Genetic Resource ◽  
The World ◽  
Organic Resource

Biological diversity is the vital organic resource on which the present and future sustenance of humankind depends. The farm animal genetic resource (AnGR) sector of this diversity provides the variety and variability of species, breeds and populations including unique genotypes which underpin an essential component of food and agriculture production. Judicious use and enhancement of these living resources must be ensured, also with their conservation, so that we may meet the increasing demands for food.

Food waste and dynamic complex systems: The case of Peru and a solution model proposal Part 1: Peruvian Anchoveta (Engraulis ringens)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A Almenara
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Revenue Management ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Solution Model ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Engraulis Ringens ◽  
The United Nations

[THE MANUSCRIPT IS A DRAFT] According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO, 2020), food waste and losses comprises nearly 1.3 billion tonnes every year, which equates to around US$ 990 billion worldwide. Ironically, over 820 million people do not have enough food to eat (FAO, 2020). This gap production-consumption puts in evidence the need to reformulate certain practices such as the controversial monocropping (i.e., growing a single crop on the same land on a yearly basis), as well as to improve others such as revenue management through intelligent systems. In this first part of a series of articles, the focus is on the Peruvian anchoveta fish (Engraulis ringens).

To the Empire and Beyond

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Barton
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Southern Rhodesia ◽  
The Government ◽  
Second World

This chapter traces the expansion of industrial agricultural methods after the Second World War. Western governments and the Food and Agriculture Organization pushed for increased use of chemical fertilizers to aid development and resist Soviet encroachment. Meanwhile small groups of organic farmers and gardeners adopted Howard’s methods in the Anglo-sphere and elsewhere in the world. European movements paralleled these efforts and absorbed the basic principles of the Indore Method. British parliament debated the merits of organic farming, but Howard failed to persuade the government to adopt his policies. Southern Rhodesia, however, did implement his ideas in law. Desiccation theory aided his attempts in South Africa and elsewhere, and Louise Howard, after Albert’s death, kept alive a wide network of activists with her publications.

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