The final stage of the judicial reform was the creation of new cassation and appeal courts in the system of courts of general jurisdiction that provide additional guarantees for the effective judicial protection of citizens. Russian legislation establishes a mechanism for the protection of infringed copyright and related rights on the Internet. Such a mechanism provides for the imposition of interim measures by the Moscow City Court and the termination by Roskomnadzor of access to the site or page of the site on the Internet, on which information is posted in violation of copyright and related rights. In the case of interim measures, the case decision belongs to competence of the Moscow City Court. As a result of changes in the legislation on the judicial system, the courts of appeal and cassation of general jurisdiction began to work. Consideration of complaints against judicial acts of the Moscow City Court, rendered by them at first instance, are referred to the competence of the new courts. The article notes the stages of development of legislation on copyright protection on the Internet, as well as some problematic aspects of copyright and related rights protection on the Internet.