Origin of the gases released from the Acqua Passante and Ermeta wells (Mt. Amiata, central Italy) and possible environmental implications for their closure

<div class="page" title="Page 2"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column">The Mt. Amiata volcano (Tuscany, central Italy) hosts the second largest geothermal field of Italy. Its SW and NE sectors are characterized by the presence of several CO2-rich (>95% by vol.) gas discharges. An intense Hg mining activity had taken place from the 19th century up to the end of the ’70s, particularly close to Abbadia San Salvatore, during which two drillings (Acqua Passante and Ermeta) intercepted a CO2-rich gas fertile horizon. The related gases are emitted in the atmosphere since 1938 and 1959, respectively, causing severe concerns for the local air quality. In this work the results of a geochemical and isotopic survey carried out on these gas emissions from March 2009 to January 2014 are presented. CO2 fluxes from both the two wells and soil from an area of about 653,500 m2 located between them were measured. The two wells are emitting up to 15,000, 92 and 8 tons y-1 of CO2, CH4 and H2S, respectively, while the computed soil CO2 output was estimated at 4,311 ton y-1. The spatial distribution of the CO2 soil flux suggests the presence of preferential patterns, indicating sites of higher permeability. Since the local municipality is evaluating the possibility to plug the Ermeta vent, a temporarily closure should first be carried out to test the possible influence of this operation on the diffuse soil degassing of deep-originated CO2 in the surrounding area. This implies that diffuse soil gases should carefully be monitored before proceeding with its definitive closure.</div></div></div>

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The digital cartographic reconstruction of the 1897 ‘Mátra Guide’ (Hungary)

Proceedings of the ICA ◽

10.5194/ica-proc-4-42-2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Edina Hajdú ◽

Márton Pál

Keyword(s):

Cultural Values ◽

19Th Century ◽

Road Network ◽

Topographic Maps ◽

Mountain Range ◽

Surrounding Area ◽

Heritage Preservation ◽

Habsburg Empire ◽

Tourist Destinations ◽

The 19Th Century

Abstract. The Mátra Mts has been one of the most frequented tourist destinations since the second half of the 19th century. This area – the highest mountain range in Hungary – offers a wide variety of free-time activities, geographical and cultural values. Because of these attractions, the tourism importance of the Mátra Mts has been recognised relatively early. The first tourist association was established in 1877 by Kolos Hanák and István Széky. They published the ‘Mátra Guide’ in the same year and reissued it in 1897 with minor revisions. This publication presents the natural-cultural values and the tourism infrastructure of the surrounding area. They also describe interesting hiking routes all around the Mátra. Although the most important sights were illustrated, no cartographic representation was published. In this study we processed the content of the book: every localizable site and tourism facility were visualised applying GIS techniques. A base map of relief, watercourses, road network and settlements were edited using the 2nd military survey topographic maps of Habsburg Empire (to present former conditions), the 1933 ‘Mátra’ hiking map and hillshading (generated from SRTM). The digitized tourism elements from the book were visualised on this ‘historical hiking map’ using Leaflet. As the final online map is available to everybody, the early condition and infrastructure of tourism can be easily examined. This work contributes to the visual heritage preservation of the Mátra Mts: it may strengthen the knowledge on tourism history and digital cartographic solutions.

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Origin of continuous hydrogen flux in gas manifestations at the Larderello geothermal field, Central Italy

Chemical Geology ◽

10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120564 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 585 ◽

pp. 120564

Author(s):

Mahmoud Leila ◽

Dan Lévy ◽

Anne Battani ◽

Luigi Piccardi ◽

Branimir Šegvić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Italy ◽

Geothermal Field ◽

Hydrogen Flux

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The Holocene record of environmental changes in the ‘Stagno di Maccarese’ marsh (Tiber river delta, central Italy)

The Holocene ◽

10.1177/0959683612455543 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 22 (12) ◽

pp. 1461-1471 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C Giraudi

Keyword(s):

Environmental Changes ◽

Central Italy ◽

Global Scale ◽

Beach Ridges ◽

The Holocene ◽

Tiber River ◽

Environmental Variations ◽

Holocene Record ◽

The 19Th Century ◽

Ird Events

The stratigraphic study of the Stagno di Maccarese, carried out on the sediments exposed in about 7 km of trenches excavated in an area of approximately 1.5 km2, has shown that in the course of the Holocene many environmental variations have taken place. The complex evolution of the marsh is demonstrated by the variations in water salinity and the presence of erosion surfaces and soils between the sediments. In the early Holocene, the area studied was an isolated marsh with water having variable salinity, and it was only about 6000 cal. yr BP that it was encompassed in the system of inner delta marshes. In the delta environment, the water of the marsh was oligohaline until about 9th–8th centuries bc, brackish from 9th–8th centuries bc to about 600 yr BP, and later oligohaline until the 19th century drainage. A number of environmental variations are connected with local phenomena, such as erosion of the beach ridges and Tiber floods, but the others can be correlated chronologically with climatic events recorded at regional and global scale. The millennial variations seem to be connected with changes in insolation, while abrupt variations can be correlated chronologically with the IRD events dated at 8200, 5900, 4200, 2800, 1400 and 500 cal. yr BP.

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Helium and carbon isotope composition of gas discharges in the Simav Geothermal Field, Turkey: Implications for the heat source

Geothermics ◽

10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.07.005 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 57 ◽

pp. 213-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Hüseyin Karakuş

Keyword(s):

Heat Source ◽

Carbon Isotope ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Geothermal Field ◽

Carbon Isotope Composition ◽

Gas Discharges

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ISSUES OF ADAPTATION AND PRESERVATION OF NEIGHBORING ESTATES OF THE HIGHEST NOBILITY ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KUSHELEV-BEZBORODKO MANSION

Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after V G Shukhov ◽

10.34031/2071-7318-2019-4-12-56-64 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 56-64

Author(s):

E. Kozyreva

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

19Th Century ◽

Analytical Method ◽

Original Form ◽

Surrounding Area ◽

Stages Of Development ◽

Heritage Sites ◽

Heritage Site ◽

The 19Th Century

The article deals with the phenomenon of neighboring estates of the highest nobility, as part of the historical city-forming aspect in the formation of St. Petersburg and its surroundings. The adaptation of cultural heritage sites for modern usage is relevant and necessary measure. Analytical method of studying allows to reveal specific characteristics of such type of sites as “neighboring estates of the highest nobility”. The main stages of construction and development of the territory of the Kushelev-Bezborodko mansion are considered as the example of the highest nobility estate. Talented outstanding architects created this object, and in the 19th century, works began on the development of its territory for a developing city. The object is assigned to the category of lost neighboring estates of the highest nobility, since the object has not been preserved in its original form. The stages of development of the territory are analyzed and a historical and cultural key plan is made. The condition of preservation of the historical environment is studied and the specific characteristics of the site and the environment are analyzed. Ways to preserve the object and the environment are proposed. It is established that in order to preserve the heritage site, it is necessary to establish requirements for the building and development of the surrounding area

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Extensional shear zones as imaged by reflection seismic lines: the Larderello geothermal field (central Italy)

Tectonophysics ◽

10.1016/s0040-1951(02)00668-6 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 363 (1-2) ◽

pp. 127-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Andrea Brogi ◽

Antonio Lazzarotto ◽

Domenico Liotta ◽

Giorgio Ranalli

Keyword(s):

Central Italy ◽

Shear Zones ◽

Geothermal Field ◽

Reflection Seismic ◽

Seismic Lines

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SOLYANKA - FORT-SANCTUARY IN THE FLOODPLAIN OF THE KUDA RIVER (BAIKAL REGION)

Preservation and study of the cultural heritage of the Altai Territory ◽

10.14258/2411-1503.2021.27.51 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 336-344

Author(s):

KHARINSKII A. ◽

◽

PORTNIAGIN M. ◽

Ivanov G. ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

19Th Century ◽

Baikal Region ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Surrounding Area ◽

The South ◽

Protective Structures ◽

The 19Th Century

Ancient sanctuaries located on elevated areas became known to archaeologists in the territory of the Kudinskaya Valley (Baikal region) at the end of the 19th century. Their territory is separated from the surrounding area by protective structures -ramparts or ditches. In this regard, they received the name of the fort-sanctuary. Rituals dedicated to heavenly deities were held on their territory. Currently, such archaeological sites are dated within the Ist -beginning of the 2nd millennium AD. In 2019, earth reconnaissance work was carried out at one of the ancient sanctuaries located in the Solyanka area. Unlike other sanctuary settlements, Solyanka is located in the floodplain of the river on a small hill surrounded by a ditch. The diameter of the sanctuary is 36 m. Judging by its geomorphological position, it was probably dedicated to the owner of the Kuda River or the valley along which it flows. To the south of the ancient sanctuary is the modern sanctuary. On it, the Buryat population conducts rites dedicated to “the owner of the area”. In its center there is a wooden pole serge, near which there is a hearth, benches and tables used for the ritual. Keywords: Baikal region, Kuda Valley, ancient fort -sanctuary, ditch, serge, pit work

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