scholarly journals History of Medicine: The Emergence of Intestinal Dialysis.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Artificial Kidney ◽  
Lowering Effect ◽  
Acacia Gum ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
End Stage

Abstract In 1923, Georg Ganter at the University of Würzburg performed the first peritoneal dialysis for patients with chronic kidney disease. During the period from 1924 to 1938, intermittent peritoneal dialysis was used in the USA and Germany as a short-term replacement for the renal functions. In 1946, Fine and colleagues described the use of peritoneal irrigation in a patient with severe anuria, who survived after four days of continuous peritoneal lavage. In 1943, a Dutch physician named Willem Kolff developed the first dialyzer which was called “Artificial kidney” with aim of cleaning the blood of patients with acute renal failure. Kolff moved to the USA and improved the early design of the dialyzer and was manufactured in the early 1950s. During the 1980s and 1990s, experimental studies on animals suggested that dietary fibers including acacia gum have a urea lowering effect (Yatzidis et al., 1980; Rampton et al., 1984; Tetens et al., 1996). In 1996, in 1996, Bliss et al. reported that the use of acacia gum supplementation in adult patients with asymptomatic early chronic renal failure on low protein diet was associated with urea lowering effect. The use of Intestinal dialysis in symptomatic chronic renal failure patients was first described by Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi in 2002. The achievement of six-year dialysis freedom with the use of intestinal dialysis in patients with end-stage renal failure was described by Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi in 2009. Late during the 2000s, “Only medical talks” web site included Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi in the list of famous physicians of all time for describing intestinal dialysis [9]. During the previous two decades there have been a plethora of publications describing the concepts, principles and use of intestinal dialysis including journal articles, conference papers and books. Some of these publications have been translated to eight languages confirming that intestinal dialysis has become an established medical therapeutic technology. The aim of this paper is to review the milestones associated with intestinal dialysis which was considered by many experts as a Nobel Prize winning technology.

METABOLIC SYNDROME IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS

2016 ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Vinh Phu Hoang ◽  
Tam Vo ◽  
Van Tien Le ◽  
Thi Hoai Huong Vo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Artificial Kidney ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
End Stage

Objective: To review disorders elements of the metabolic syndrome in patients with end-stage chronic renal failure on dialysis cycle. Materials and methods: A cross sectional descriptive study of 85 patients including end-stage chronic renal failure in dialysis cycle from 5/2015 - 9/2016 at the Department of Artificial Kidney, Hue Central Hospital. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in dialysis patients was 37.65%. The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 30.6%; The prevalence of hypertension was 72.9%, the average value systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were 142.24 ± 27.53, 80.35 ± 12.48 mmHg; The prevalence of hyperglycemia was 28%, the average value blood glucose was 4.9 ± 1.19 mmol/l; The prevalence of triglyceride increase was 34.1%, the average value triglyceride was 1.59 ± 0.84 mmol/l. The prevalence of HDL-C increase was 47.1%, the average value HDL-C was 1.24 ± 0.33 mmol/l. Conclusion: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in dialysis patients is very high, in which hypertension and HDL disturbances are the highest. Key words: chronic renal failure, dialysis, metabolic syndrome

Reactivation of Systemic Lupus in three Patients Undergoing CAPD

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
George G. Wu ◽  
D.R. Gelbart ◽  
James A. Hasbargen ◽  
Robert Inman ◽  
Peter McNamee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Immunological Changes ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Generally patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) due to lupus nephritis, have minimal extrarenal disease activity <Juring hemodialysis. This may be related to immunological changes secondary to chronic renal failure or the dialysis procedure itself, or both. This paper describes three patients with lupus nephritis undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) in whom we observed reactivation of SLE, by both clinical and serological criteria. This may suggest that in patients undergoing CAPD the immune system is more nearly intact than in hemodialysis. These cases should heighten awareness that patients may suffer flare-ups of SLE during CAPD even long after the onset of renal failure.

scholarly journals Decrease of serum paraoxonase activity in chronic renal failure.

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2082-2088
Author(s):  
T F Dantoine ◽  
J Debord ◽  
J P Charmes ◽  
L Merle ◽  
P Marquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Phenyl Acetate ◽  
Paraoxonase Activity ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Serum Paraoxonase

Paraoxonase is an esterase that hydrolyzes organophosphate compounds. The enzyme is associated with HDL and could protect LDL against peroxidation, which suggests a possible involvement of paraoxonase in the antiatherogenic properties of HDL. Paraoxonase activity has been shown to be low in patients with myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, or familial hypercholesterolemia. Because cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death in chronic renal failure, serum paraoxonase activity was measured by spectrophotometry using three synthetic substrates (phenyl acetate, paraoxon, and 4-nitrophenyl acetate) in 305 patients with kidney disease, including 47 patients with non-end-stage chronic renal failure, 104 patients treated with hemodialysis, 22 patients treated with peritoneal dialysis, and 132 renal transplant patients. Patients were compared with two groups of aged-matched control subjects (total number = 195). Especially with 4-nitrophenyl acetate, paraoxonase activity was lower in patients with some degree of renal insufficiency (chronic renal failure [P < 0.05], chronic hemodialysis [P < 10(-4)], chronic peritoneal dialysis [P < 10(-4)]) than in control subjects. In transplant patients, paraoxonase activity was not found to be different from that in control subjects. The decrease of paraoxonase activity and thus the reduction of its antiatherogenic properties in renal failure could be an essential factor of premature vascular aging, especially when dialysis is used. Renal transplantation seems to restore paraoxonase activity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Usage of Erythropoietin in Patients with End-Stage Chronic Kidney Disease Dialysis Cycle in Hanoi Nephrology Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Thi Hoa ◽  
Nguyen Thi Tuyet Trinh ◽  
Nguyen Thi Lien Huong ◽  
Phan Tung Linh
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Renal Dialysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Artificial Kidney ◽  
Health Official ◽  
End Stage

Treatment and control of anemia plays an important role in improving the quality and effectiveness of artificial kidney. The study was conducted on 61 patients who met the selection and were not included in the excluded criteria group. Collecting data from medical records using retrospective, descriptive, vertical follow-up method for 6 months. Data were processed using Microsoft Excel Office 2010 and R. The results showed that patients used both EPO alpha and EPO beta simultaneously. Rate of usage’s EPO beta accounted for 23%, alpha EPO was 77%. Lyophilized form (EPO alpha) is most commonly used. Starting from T3, Hb. averages treat. There were no abnormalities in blood pressure, white blood cell, platelets, and electrolytes. Keywords Hanoi Kidney Hospital, EPO (erythropoietin), Hb, efficacy and safety. References [1] L.A. Szczech, W. Harmon, T.H. Hostetter et al, World Kidney Day 2009: Problem and Challenges in the Emering Epidemic of Kidney Disease, J Am Soc Nephrol 20 (2009) 453-455. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2009010041.[2] D.T. Gilbertson, J. Liu et al, Projecting the Number of Patient with End Stage Renal Disease in the United States to the Year 2015, J Am Soc Nephrol 16 (2005) 3736-3741. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2005010112.[3] A.E. Gaweda, G.R. Aronoff et al, Individualized anemia management reduces hemoglobin variability in hemodialysis patients, J Am Soc Nephrol 25(1) (2014) 159-66. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2013010089.[4] Do Thi Thu Hien, Evaluation of the usage of erythropoietin in the treatment of anemia in patients with chronic renal failure on dialysis at Thai Binh Provincial General Hospital, Master of Pharmacy thesis, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 2015 (in Vietnamese).[5] Trieu Thi Tuyet Van, Evaluation of the usage of erythropoietin in the treatment of anemia in patients with chronic renal failure on dialysis at the artificial kidney department - Bach Mai Hospital, Master of Pharmacy thesis, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 2009 (in Vietnamese).[6] Nguyen Thi Uyen, Investigating the effectiveness and safety of Erythropoietin use in dialysis patients at artificial kidney monotherapy Sanit Paul Hospital, Graduation thesis of Pharmacist, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 2016 (in Vietnamese).[7] Bui Thi Tam, Evaluation the effectiveness of anemia treatment with Erythropoietin in patients with chronic renal failure receiving dialysis at Dien Bien Provincial General Hospital, Graduation thesis of Pharmacist Specialist 2, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 2011 (in Vietnamese).[8] Drug Administration of Vietnam - Ministry of health, Official dispatch number 4764/QLD-ĐK, 2014 (in Vietnamese).[9] The Vietnam Urology & Nephrology Association, Guidelines for treatment of anemia in chronic kidney disease, The Vietnam Urology & Nephrology Association, 2013 (in Vietnamese).[10] KDIGO, KDIGO 2012 Clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease, Kidney International Supplement, 2013, pp.1-150.[11] Lam Thanh Vung, Study on the characteristics of anemia and the effectiveness of Erythropoietin β combination with intravenous iron in patients with chronic renal dialysis by dialysis, Thesis Specialized level 2 Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Hue University, 2013.  

Arterial Calcifications in Patients Undergoing Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis: Incidence, Progression and Regression

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Erik Meema ◽  
Dimitrios G. Oreopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

The authors graded radiologically detectable arterial calcification (A.C.) in 168 patients with end-stage renal disease treated with peritoneal dialysis; 41 of them had diabetes mellitus (DM). Comparison of DM and nondiabetic (ND) patients showed that during an average dialysis period of more than two years, the incidence of A.C. increased from 37% before dialysis to 45% at the last examination in the ND patients, and from 90% to 100% in DM patients. Both prevalence and progression of A.C. were significantly higher in DM patients (P < 0.001 and <0.05 respectively). Regressions of A.C., unrelated to parathyroidectomy or renal transplantation, were observed in 5 ND and 4 DM patients. This 9% incidence of regressions should encourage further investigations to detect the factors responsible because severe A.C. sometimes is associated with gangrene and other complications. Although numerous publications on radiologic changes in renal osteodystrophy include descriptions of arterial calcifications (A. C.), only a few have focused on the latter (1–4). Furthermore, none have looked at the relative proportions of diabetic (DM) and non-diabetic (ND) patients with A.C. and chronic renal failure. The main purpose of this paper is to make such a comparison.

scholarly journals The state of the eyes in patients with end-stage chronic renal failure depending on the method of renal replacement therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-241
Author(s):  
L K Moshetova ◽  
O V Shmarina ◽  
R V Storozhev ◽  
Yu A Anisimov ◽  
I V Dmitriev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
The State ◽  
Metastatic Calcification ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
End Stage

Aim. To assess the state of the organ of vision in patients with end-stage chronic renal failure, who are on renal replacement therapy with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Methods. Examined were 35 patients with end-stage chronic renal failure. The first group consisted of 20 patients receiving renal replacement therapy with hemodialysis, the second group consisted of 15 patients treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. In addition to the standard ophthalmologic techniques (visual acuity, tonography, perimetry, biomicroscopy and ophthalmoscopy) conducted were optical coherence tomography and photographic imaging of the retina. The following data were also taken into account: arterial blood pressure, blood hemoglobin, creatinine and urea levels and indicators of phosphorus-calcium metabolism. Results. Regardless of the method of blood dialysis of all patients had decreased corrected visual acuity. In the patients of the first group it was 0.88±0.13, in the second group - 0.71±0.19. Also in both groups revealed was a concentric narrowing of the visual fields by 5-10%. Conclusion. In patients on hemodialysis, revealed was more severe course of retinopathy; in patients on continuous peritoneal dialysis, the most frequently encountered was swelling of the retina, metastatic calcification manifested to a lesser extent.

Chronic renal failure, end-stage renal disease, and peritoneal dialysis in Gitelman's syndrome

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Bonfante ◽  
Paul A. Davis ◽  
Michela Spinello ◽  
Augusto Antonello ◽  
Angela D'Angelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Gitelman's Syndrome ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Evidence for an Increased Generation of Prostacyclin in the Microvasculature and an Impairment of the Platelet α-Granule Release in Chronic Renal Failure

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (02) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A Kyrle ◽  
Felix Stockenhuber ◽  
Brigitte Brenner ◽  
Heinz Gössinger ◽  
Christian Korninger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Chronic Uraemia ◽  
Wall Interaction ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Granule Release

SummaryThe formation of prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane A2 and the release of beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) at the site of platelet-vessel wall interaction, i.e. in blood emerging from a standardized injury of the micro vasculature made to determine bleeding time, was studied in patients with end-stage chronic renal failure undergoing regular haemodialysis and in normal subjects. In the uraemic patients, levels of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α) were 1.3-fold to 6.3-fold higher than the corresponding values in the control subjects indicating an increased PGI2 formation in chronic uraemia. Formation of thromboxane B2 (TxB2) at the site of plug formation in vivo and during whole blood clotting in vitro was similar in the uraemic subjects and in the normals excluding a major defect in platelet prostaglandin metabolism in chronic renal failure. Significantly smaller amounts of beta-TG were found in blood obtained from the site of vascular injury as well as after in vitro blood clotting in patients with chronic renal failure indicating an impairment of the a-granule release in chronic uraemia. We therefore conclude that the haemorrhagic diathesis commonly seen in patients with chronic renal failure is - at least partially - due to an acquired defect of the platelet a-granule release and an increased generation of PGI2 in the micro vasculature.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document