Anatomic Variations of the Nose in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Correlation between Nasal Endoscopic and Computerized Tomography Scan Findings and a Review of Literature

ABSTRACT Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) refers to a group of disorders characterized by inflammation of the mucosa of the paranasal sinuses. Nasal endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) scans are successfully used as diagnostic modalities of nose and paranasal sinus diseases. There have been many studies regarding the anatomic variations leading to pathogenesis of paranasal sinus diseases. Considerable progress has been made in the medical and surgical control of these conditions; however, a large number of questions relating to the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of the diseases remain unanswered. Materials and methods The study included 82 clinically diagnosed cases of CRS who underwent CT scan and were advised to undergo diagnostic endoscopy. The anatomical findings of the nose were compared to see correlation between nasal endoscopy and CT scan. Results The mean age (±standard error of the mean) of presentation was 34.11 (±1.42) years, while most patients were from the age group of 18 to 30 years. Males were predominating the study group with 62.2%, while 37.8% were females. The most common anatomic variation was deviated nasal septum with 92.68% CT reported patients. This was followed by inferior turbinate hypertrophy, septal spur, concha bullosa, and agger nasi cells. Conclusion Computed tomography scan is considered the gold standard for sinonasal imaging. Diagnostic endoscopy and CT scan are a must prior to any functional endoscopic sinus surgery. They help in assessing the extent of sinus disease and to know the variations and vital relations of the paranasal sinuses. Computed tomography scan assists the surgeon as a “road map” during endoscopic sinus surgery. How to cite this article Chakraborty P, Jain RK, Joshi P, Kumari R, Pradhan S. Anatomic Variations of the Nose in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Correlation between Nasal Endoscopic and Computerized Tomography Scan Findings and a Review of Literature. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(1):13-17.

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Comparative Evaluation of Anatomical and Pathological Features on Computed Tomography Scan with Intraoperative Findings in Frontal Sinus Pathology

Clinical Rhinology An International Journal ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1294 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 6-10

Author(s):

Sourav Chakraborty ◽

Deepak Verma ◽

Himani Lade ◽

Noor UD Malik

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Frontal Sinus ◽

Comparative Evaluation ◽

Uncinate Process ◽

Sinus Surgery ◽

Pathological Features ◽

Computed Tomography Scan ◽

Sinus Disease ◽

Tomography Scan

ABSTRACT To compare the anatomical and pathological features on computed tomography (CT) scan with intraoperative findings in cases of frontal sinus disease. This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary referral center, and a total of 30 patients who were refractory to conservative medical treatment undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for frontal sinus disease were included in the study. Preoperative CT scans were done with axial and coronal cuts with a sagittal reconstruction to obtain a better idea about the frontal recess anatomy. The areas that were studied preoperatively on CT scan were frontal sinus pathology, pattern of sinus involvement, superior attachment of uncinate process, frontal sinus drainage pathway, agger nasi cell, frontal cell, frontal bullar cell, and supraorbital ethmoidal cell. A good correlation was obtained between the CT findings and intraoperative findings. How to cite this article Chakraborty S, Verma D, Lade H, Malik NUD. Comparative Evaluation of Anatomical and Pathological Features on Computed Tomography Scan with Intraoperative Findings in Frontal Sinus Pathology. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2017;10(1):6-10.

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Case of Infected Urachal Cyst in an Adult Presenting as an Incarcerated Umbilical Hernia

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/00031348211060434 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 000313482110604

Author(s):

Jenalee Corsello ◽

Mariah Morris ◽

David Denning ◽

Semeret Munie

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Umbilical Hernia ◽

Urachal Cyst ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Computed Tomography Scan ◽

Urachal Carcinoma ◽

Tomography Scan

The urachus is a remnant of the allantois. Failure to obliterate can result in one of four anomalies, urachal cyst being most common. Urachal cysts are relatively rare, especially in adults. This paper presents a patient with an umbilical hernia and a ruptured urachal cyst. A 39-year-old male presented with concern for umbilical hernia, but he also noted drainage. Computed tomography scan showed a urachal cyst and umbilical hernia. The urachal cyst was excised and umbilical hernia closed primarily. The incidence of an urachal cyst is unknown, but persists in roughly 2% of adults. Diagnosis is with ultrasound or CT scan. Management is excision due to risk of urachal carcinoma, which is present in over 50% of specimens. Review of literature did not reveal any other cases of a patient with both an urachal cyst and an umbilical hernia, thus making this case a unique presentation for this condition.

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The Prevalance of Paranasal Sinus Anatomic Variations on Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scan Images of Turkish Population

Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences ◽

10.5152/clinexphealthsci.2018.1001 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

M. Oguz Borahan ◽

◽

Gamze Ulay ◽

Ayse Nur Yildiz Sadikoglu ◽

Filiz Namdar Pekiner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Paranasal Sinus ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Turkish Population ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Anatomic Variations ◽

Computed Tomography Scan ◽

Tomography Scan

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Hubungan Antara Kadar DNA Plasma Virus Epstein Barr Dengan Stadium Klinis Karsinoma Nasofaring WHO Tipe 3

Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana ◽

10.32637/orli.v48i2.277 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 165

Author(s):

Putranti Dyahayu Roziaty ◽

Soehartono Soehartono ◽

Hendradi Surjotomo

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Epstein Barr Virus ◽

Tumor Type ◽

Computed Tomography Scan ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Barr Virus ◽

Ebv Dna ◽

Epstein Barr ◽

Tomography Scan

Latar Belakang: Karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) merupakan keganasan yang tersering ditemukan, dan berdampak pada penurunan kualitas hidup serta memiliki mortalitas tinggi. Penanganan KNF selama ini terkendala oleh waktu tunggu yang cukup lama dalam menentukan staging KNF terutama untuk antrian pemeriksaan computed tomography scan (CT scan) dan Ultrasonography (USG). Pemeriksaan kadar DNA EBV (Deoxyribonucleic acid Epstein-Barr Virus) pada pasien yang relatif lebih mudah dan terjangkau dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi stadium dan prognosis KNF. Dengan mengetahui prognosis KNF lebih dini, maka diharapkan penanganan terhadap KNF dapat segera dilakukan. Tujuan: Mengetahui apakah kadar DNA EBV dapat dipakai untuk memprediksi stadium dan prognosis KNF dengan cara mencari hubungan antara kadar DNA EBV dengan stadium KNF. Metode: Penelitian cross sectional melibatkan 15 subjek penelitian yang terdiagnosis KNF WHO tipe 3 kemudian dilakukan staging dengan CT scan, USG abdomen, dan foto toraks, serta diambil sampel darah untuk diukur kadar DNA EBV. Hasil: Seluruh subjek penelitian mengalami peningkatan kadar DNA EBV sesuai dengan peningkatan stadium KNF. Peningkatan stadium KNF berhubungan signifikan dengan peningkatan kadar DNA EBV (p=0,001). Ukuran tumor (T) berhubungan signifikan dengan kadar DNA EBV (p=0,023), ukuran nodul (N) berhubungan signifikan dengan kadar DNA EBV (p=0,005), ada tidaknya metastasis tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan kadar DNA EBV (p=0,398). Nilai cut off kadar DNA EBV sebesar 952 kopi/ml. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar DNA EBV dengan stadium klinis, dengan demikian kadar DNA EBV dapat dipertimbangkan untuk digunakan sebagai prediktor stadium dan prognosis KNF. Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the predominant tumor type arising in the nasopharynx, with a high mortality and affecting quality of life. NPC treatment management is hindered by long queues of Computed Tomography Scan (CT scan) and Ultrasonography (USG) examinations to ascertain the NPC staging. The examination of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) DNA level is relatively simpler and inexpensive to predict the NPC staging and prognosis, thus, it can speed up NPC treatment. Objective: To determine whether EBV DNA level can be used to predict the NPC stage and prognosis by finding a correlation between EBV DNA level and NPC stage. Method: This was a cross-sectional study involving 15 respondents who were diagnosed as WHO type 3 NPC, and examined by CT scan, abdominal ultrasound, chest X-ray, and blood test for measuring the levels of EBV DNA to determine the stage. Results: All respondents had elevated levels of EBV DNA in accordance with NPC stage elevation. Increased NPC stages were significantly correlated with elevated levels of EBV DNA (p=0.001). The size of tumor (T) was significantly correlated with EBV DNA (p=0.023), the size of nodule (N) was significantly correlated with EBV DNA (p=0.005). The presence or absence of metastasis did not significantly correlate with EBV DNA (p=0.398). The EBV DNA cut off value was 952 copies/ml. Conclusions: There was a significant correlation between EBV DNA levels and clinical stages, hence EBV DNA can be considered to be used as NPC staging and prognosis predictor.

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Determining Effective Dose on Computed Tomography Scan (CT SCAN) in Head Scanning

Natural-B ◽

10.21776/ub.natural-b.2011.001.01.11 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 81-86

Author(s):

Firdi Yuana ◽

Kusharto Kusno ◽

Achmad Hidayat

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Effective Dose ◽

Computed Tomography Scan ◽

Tomography Scan

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VARIASI TAHUNAN KECEPATAN KALSIFIKASI KORAL PORITES BERDASARKAN ANALISIS COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY SCAN (CT –SCAN) DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN SUHU PERMUKAAN LAUT: WILAYAH STUDI PERAIRAN BIAK, PAPUA

RISET Geologi dan Pertambangan ◽

10.14203/risetgeotam2014.v24.135 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 145

Author(s):

Sri Yudawati Cahyarini ◽

Suharsono Suharsono

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Computed Tomography Scan ◽

Tomography Scan

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Normal Width of Third Ventricle In Nepalese Population: Assessment By CT Scan

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.2737 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 53 (200) ◽

pp. 235-239

Author(s):

Amit Shrestha ◽

Nikita Rajbhandari ◽

Anand Shrestha ◽

Bishika Pun

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Third Ventricle ◽

Local Population ◽

Natural Aging ◽

Cerebral Atrophy ◽

Computed Tomography Scan ◽

Maximum Width ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tomography Scan

Introduction: Cerebral ventricular enlargement occurs as a natural aging process but also has been associated with many neurological disorders. Whether this enlargement is primary or secondary to these pathological conditions remains controversial. Objective of the study was to tabulate and create normal references values for maximum width of third ventricle in Nepalese population according to age group and gender. Methods: MTW was determined in two hundred (112 males and 88 females) and age ranging between 1- 93 years who had normal Computed tomography scan (CT scan) of the head .The data collected was analyzed with statistical program IBM SPSS version 20. Results: Measurements of MTW in both males and females of the normal groups revealed no significant difference. No significant difference in MTW was noticed till the age of 49 years. Significant differences were noticed between 49 - 93 years of age. Conclusions: This study corroborated well with normal MTW values published in literatures from other parts of the world. However normal values specific to our local population becomes more relevant in interpreting CT scan of head in Nepal. Keywords: cerebral atrophy; computed tomography scan; hydrocephalus; maximum width of third ventricle.

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Computed tomography scan of the head in patients with migraine or tension-type headache

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2002000400005 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 60 (3A) ◽

pp. 542-547 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Marcelo Moraes Valença ◽

Luciana Patrízia A. Andrade Valença ◽

Terce Liana Menezes

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Tension Type Headache ◽

Empty Sella ◽

Computed Tomography Scan ◽

Sinus Disease ◽

Intracranial Lipoma ◽

Intracranial Neoplasm ◽

Type Headache ◽

Tomography Scan

A retrospective study was performed in order to evaluate the frequency of abnormalities found by computed tomography (CT) scan of the head in 78 patients with migraine or tension-type headache. In the present study CT scan was normal in 61.5% of the patients with migraine or tension-type headache. A number of abnormalities were encountered in more than one third of the patients studied, including inflammatory sinus disease (19.2%), cysticercosis (3.9%), unruptuted cerebral aneurysm (2.6%), basilar impression (2.6%), intracranial lipoma (2.6%), arachnoid cyst (2.6%), empty sella (2.6%), intracranial neoplasm (2.6%), and others (2.6%). None of these lesions were symptomatic or responsible by the headache picture, therefore, considered incidental findings. In conclusion, the fortuitous encounter of some abnormalities on CT scan of the head is often higher than what we could predict in patients suffering migraine or tension-type headache. We briefly discuss clinical, epidemiologic, and practical management of some of the abnormalities detected by CT scan as well as the indication to request a neuroimaging investigation.

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Ultrasound Is Superior to Palpation in Identifying the Cricothyroid Membrane in Subjects with Poorly Defined Neck Landmarks

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/aln.0000000000002454 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 129 (6) ◽

pp. 1132-1139 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Naveed Siddiqui ◽

Eugene Yu ◽

Sherif Boulis ◽

Kong Eric You-Ten

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Cricothyroid Membrane ◽

Computed Tomography Scan ◽

Accurate Identification ◽

Neck Anatomy ◽

The Mean ◽

Tomography Scan ◽

Group Allocation

Abstract Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New Background Success of a cricothyrotomy is dependent on accurate identification of the cricothyroid membrane. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of ultrasonography versus external palpation in localizing the cricothyroid membrane. Methods In total, 223 subjects with abnormal neck anatomy who were scheduled for neck computed-tomography scan at University Health Network hospitals in Toronto, Canada, were randomized into two groups: external palpation and ultrasound. The localization points of the cricothyroid membrane determined by ultrasonography or external palpation were compared to the reference midpoint (computed-tomography point) of the cricothyroid membrane by a radiologist who was blinded to group allocation. Primary outcome was the accuracy in identification of the cricothyroid membrane, which was measured by digital ruler in millimeters from the computed-tomography point to the ultrasound point or external-palpation point. Success was defined as the proportion of accurate attempts within a 5-mm distance from the computed-tomography point to the ultrasound point or external-palpation point. Results The percentage of accurate attempts was 10-fold greater in the ultrasound than external-palpation group (81% vs. 8%; 95% CI, 63.6 to 81.3%; P < 0.0001). The mean (SD) distance measured from the external-palpation to computed-tomography point was five-fold greater than the ultrasound to the computed-tomography point (16.6 ± 7.5 vs. 3.4 ± 3.3 mm; 95% CI, 11.67 to 14.70; P < 0.0001). Analysis demonstrated that the risk ratio of inaccurate localization of the cricothyroid membrane was 9.14-fold greater with the external palpation than with the ultrasound (P < 0.0001). There were no adverse events observed. Conclusions In subjects with poorly defined neck landmarks, ultrasonography is more accurate than external palpation in localizing the cricothyroid membrane.

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