Measurement of Crestal Cortical Bone Thickness at Implant Site: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study

ABSTRACT Aim Dental implants have emerged as a new treatment modality for the majority of patients complaining of missing teeth. Bone quantity and bone quality are among various factors which ensure the longevity of dental implant in the patient's mouth. The assessment of cortical bone thickness of the outer layer and the cancellous bone density by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has proved beneficial for the patient. This study aimed at presurgical measurement of crestal bone thickness at various implant sites using CBCT images. Materials and methods This study was conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics in the year 2015. It included 218 patients who wanted to replace missing teeth. Patients were subjected to CBCT scan using NewTom CBCT machine operating at 120 kVp and 5 mA with a resolution of 0.1 × 0.1 × 0.1 mm3. New Net Technologies (NNT) software with a slice thickness of 0.1 mm was used in this study. A total of 780 implant sites were identified on images of 218 patients. In all patients, the measurement of crestal bone thickness in the region of implant site was performed with NNT software. The buccolingual measurement of crestal bone was done in cross sections obtained after CBCT. Results Out of 218 patients, males were 110 and females were 108. The difference between gender was nonsignificant (p > 0.05). Out of 780 implant sites, 370 were in the maxilla and 410 were in mandible. The difference was nonsignificant (p > 0.05). Out of 780 implant sites, 210 were in anterior maxilla and 160 were in the posterior maxilla. Totally, 235 sites were in anterior mandible and 175 were in the posterior mandible. The distribution was nonsignificant (p = 0.15). The mean crestal bone thickness in anterior maxilla was 0.82 mm, in posterior maxilla was 0.76 mm, in anterior mandible was 1.08 mm, and in posterior mandible was 1.18 mm. The difference among regions was significant (p = 0.01). Conclusion The highest thickness of cortical bone was observed in posterior mandible followed by anterior mandible, anterior maxilla, and posterior maxilla. Thus, considering the less cortical thickness in the posterior maxillary region, the implant placement should be done with proper attention. Clinical significance Dental implant is the need of the hour. It is beneficial to patients in terms of longer survival rates. With CBCT, all measurements, such as bone quality and quantity have become easy because of three-dimensional nature. This has proved to be beneficial in the analysis of cortical bone thickness as well as measuring the distance from anatomical structures. How to cite this article Gupta A, Rathee S, Agarwal J, Pachar RB. Measurement of Crestal Cortical Bone Thickness at Implant Site: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(9):785-789.

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Detection and measurements of apical lesions in the upper jaw by cone beam computed tomography and panoramic radiography as a function of cortical bone thickness

Clinical Oral Investigations ◽

10.1007/s00784-019-02843-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (11) ◽

pp. 4067-4073

Author(s):

Ali-Reza Ketabi ◽

Sandra Ketabi ◽

Mohamed Badis Nabli ◽

Hans-Christoph Lauer ◽

Martin Brenner

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cortical Bone ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Panoramic Radiography ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Bone Thickness ◽

Cortical Bone Thickness ◽

Upper Jaw ◽

Apical Lesions

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Determination of Buccal Cortical Bone Thickness for Mini-Screws Placement in Horizontal Growth Type Patients by Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Journal of Dental Health Oral Disorders and Therapy ◽

10.15406/jdhodt.2015.02.00073 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Salma Khairy

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cortical Bone ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Bone Thickness ◽

Growth Type ◽

Cortical Bone Thickness ◽

Horizontal Growth

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Comparison of interradicular distances and cortical bone thickness in Thai patients with Class I and Class II skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography

Imaging Science in Dentistry ◽

10.5624/isd.2016.46.2.117 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 117 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nattida Khumsarn ◽

Virush Patanaporn ◽

Apirum Janhom ◽

Dhirawat Jotikasthira

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cortical Bone ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Class Ii ◽

Class I ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Bone Thickness ◽

Cortical Bone Thickness

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Relationship between Cortical Bone Thickness and Cancellous Bone Density at Dental Implant Sites in the Jawbone

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics10090710 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 710

Author(s):

Shiuan-Hui Wang ◽

Yen-Wen Shen ◽

Lih-Jyh Fuh ◽

Shin-Lei Peng ◽

Ming-Tzu Tsai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Cortical Bone ◽

Dental Implant ◽

Cancellous Bone ◽

Bone Thickness ◽

Anterior Maxilla ◽

Cortical Bone Thickness ◽

Posterior Maxilla ◽

Dental Implant Surgery ◽

Anterior Mandible

Dental implant surgery is a common treatment for missing teeth. Its survival rate is considerably affected by host bone quality and quantity, which is often assessed prior to surgery through dental cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Dental CBCT was used in this study to evaluate dental implant sites for (1) differences in and (2) correlations between cancellous bone density and cortical bone thickness among four regions of the jawbone. In total, 315 dental implant sites (39 in the anterior mandible, 42 in the anterior maxilla, 107 in the posterior mandible, and 127 in the posterior maxilla) were identified in dental CBCT images from 128 patients. All CBCT images were loaded into Mimics 15.0 to measure cancellous bone density (unit: grayscale value (GV) and cortical bone thickness (unit: mm)). Differences among the four regions of the jawbone were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance and Scheffe’s posttest. Pearson coefficients for correlations between cancellous bone density and cortical bone thickness were also calculated for the four jawbone regions. The results revealed that the mean cancellous bone density was highest in the anterior mandible (722 ± 227 GV), followed by the anterior maxilla (542 ± 208 GV), posterior mandible (535 ± 206 GV), and posterior maxilla (388 ± 206 GV). Cortical bone thickness was highest in the posterior mandible (1.15 ± 0.42 mm), followed by the anterior mandible (1.01 ± 0.32 mm), anterior maxilla (0.89 ± 0.26 mm), and posterior maxilla (0.72 ± 0.19 mm). In the whole jawbone, a weak correlation (r = 0.133, p = 0.041) was detected between cancellous bone density and cortical bone thickness. Furthermore, except for the anterior maxilla (r = 0.306, p = 0.048), no correlation between the two bone parameters was observed (all p > 0.05). Cancellous bone density and cortical bone thickness varies by implant site in the four regions of the jawbone. The cortical and cancellous bone of a jawbone dental implant site should be evaluated individually before surgery.

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Comparative Evaluation of Cortical Bone Anatomy of Mandibular Buccal Shelf for Mini Implant Placement in Different Facial Divergence: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study

The Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society ◽

10.1177/0301574220932265 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 325-331

Author(s):

Kalyani Trivedi ◽

Bharvi K Jani ◽

Sagar Hirani ◽

Mansi V Radia

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cortical Bone ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Bone Surface ◽

Bone Thickness ◽

Second Molar ◽

Cortical Bone Thickness ◽

Implant Placement ◽

Alveolar Crest

Aim: The purpose of this study was to use measurements from cone beam computed tomography scans to quantify the cortical bone thickness of mandibular buccal shelf region and preferable site for buccal shelf implant placement in 10 hyperdivergent and 10 hypodivergent patients. Method: 20 cone beam computed tomographies were equally divided based on divergence. 6 sites were examined: mesial of first molar (6M), middle of first molar (6Mi), interdental between the first and second molar (Id), mesial of second molar (7M), middle of second molar (7Mi), and distal of second molar (7D). The study quantified the mandibular buccal shelf relative to its angle of slope, the cortical bone thickness measured perpendicular to the bone surface, the amount of cortical bone 30° angle to the bone surface. The cortical bone thickness was measured perpendicular and at a 30° angle at 3, 5, and 7 mm from the alveolar crest. Result: Significant change is seen at the buccal shelf slope at 6M ( P = .001) and further increase in this angle till 7D ( P = .003). Mean amount of cortical bone for hyperdivergent group at 7D is 4.77 ± 0.68 mm and for hypodivergent group is 3.86 ± 0.70 mm. Statistically significant differences were noted at insertion site at 90° and 30° for both groups at 3, 5, and 7 mm from the alveolar crest. Conclusion: Preferable site for buccal shelf implant placement is distal to the mandibular second molar. The maximum amount of cortical bone is found distal to the second molar 7 mm vertically from alveolar crest when the buccal shelf implant is placed at 30° angulation for hyperdivergent group.

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