The use of polyetheretherketone for the manufacture of removable implant dentures

INTRODUCTION: The industry of temporary prosthetics for dental implantation in the postoperative period at the present stage of the development of dentistry has achieved significant results. However, up to now, there are still cases of insufficient effectiveness of temporary prosthetics, which is expressed in a reduced service life and a violation of the retention of temporary structures, the need for a relatively large number of corrections of their basis, as well as inflammatory and atrophic changes in the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed and loss of bone tissue in the jaws in the projection of the mechanical pressure of the prosthesis. AIM: To determine the effectiveness of the use of polyetheretherketone for the manufacture of immediate prostheses based on temporary dental implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dental implants in the upper jaw were installed in 76 patients with a diagnosis of full absence of teeth. For temporary rehabilitation for the period of osteointegration, temporary implants were installed in the amount of 2 pieces and temporary removable dentures were made. RESULTS: The use of polyetheretherketone revealed a 25% decrease in dentures breakdowns, an increase in the number of temporary implants viability by 37.5%, and a decrease in bone tissue atrophy by 19% to 22%. CONCLUSIONS: It is advisable to use polyetheretherketone for the manufacture of removable implant dentures.

Modified Coronally Positioned Flap for Isolated Gingival Recession, Evaluated with Root Coverage Esthetic Score System

Background: Various modifications of the coronally displaced flap have been proposed in the literature with the attempt of treating gingival recession. This study is undertaken to evaluate the predictability of the modified coronally positioned flap in isolated gingival recession not only in terms of root coverage but also with the esthetic outcome. Materials and Methods: Fifteen isolated gingival recessions with at least 1mm of keratinized tissue apical to the defect were treated with a modified coronally advanced flap. All recessions fall into Miller class I. The clinical re-evaluation was performed 3 months and 1year after the surgery. Statistical analysis was performed using statistical application software (SPSS16.0). Multivariate ANOVA was used for analysis. Results: At the 1-year examination, the average root coverage was 94.6% of the pre-operative recession depth. There was a mean clinical attachment gain of 3.3±0.1 mm at 1 year follow-up.The average increase of keratinized tissue between the baseline and the 1-year follow-up amounted to 1.53±0.13 mm. Root coverage esthetic score (RES) was recorded at the end of follow-up period. 13/15 cases showed RES score of 9 and 2/15 cases showed RES score of 6. Conclusion: The modified coronally advanced surgical technique is effective in the treatment of isolated gingival recession in the upper jaw.

Multi-Modal Oral Implantology. The Screw-Blade Single-Implant for the Replacement of the Upper Molar: A Case Report

Intense forces are naturally downloading on molar roots. Due to inflammation, the post-extraction sockets of the upper molars are often poor of bone on one side. A single implant supporting a prosthetic crown can easily go subject to displacing forces that reabsorbed and recently healed bone can hardly bear. By utilizing a couple of prosthetic roots, i.e.: one screw implant in the side in which bone is richer and one blade implant in the side in which the bony wall has gone subject to reabsorption, it is possible to build a better supported prosthetic crown. The clinical cases performed by the Authors confirm the validity of this implant architecture. Aim of the work is to describe a post-extraction multi-modal implantological technique useful for replacing the roots of upper molars with poor bone support on one side. Materials and Methods: Combination of submerged screw implant and submerged blade implant or emergent screw implant and emergent blade implant welded intraorally. Discussion: The combination of a palatal screw implant and a buccal blade implant, or vice versa, allowed to solve clinical cases and to make reliable prosthetic crowns. Conclusions: The presence of variable residual anatomies in the molar area of the upper jaw recommends the use of morphologically different implant shapes, suitable for the construction of a biomechanically functional prosthetic abutment. Specifically in the presence of bone resorption, the combination of a screw implant and a blade implant allowed us to obtain a reliable abutment. Given the small number of cases performed, further research will confirm the positive results of this technique.

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma in maxilla mimicking fibro-osseous leison: A case report

Desmoplastic Ameloblastoma accounts for 4% to 13% of all ameloblastomas and is a rare variant with high rate of recurrence. The desmoplastic variant of ameloblastoma usually appears in the anterior and premolar regions and sometimes resembles a benign fibro-osseous lesion showing a mixed radiolucent and radiopacity in the radiographic examination. Malignant transformation with repeated postsurgical recurrences have also been reported. In this paper we present a case of a 22-year-old female with swelling in the left upper jaw which turned out to be desmoplastic ameloblastoma. The pathologist and the clinician should be aware of the concepts and the association with malignant transformation and spread of the lesion in order to deliver appropriate treatment and to avoid further recurrences of the leison.

Diagnosis and Management of Fractured Teeth; Review Article

Traumatic damage to the teeth and oral tissues are the most common causes of tooth fracture. Because of their location in the oral cavity, front teeth in the upper jaw are the most commonly fractured. Sports, car accidents, and physical violence are the most prevalent causes. Cracked teeth are often diagnosed by visually inspecting the tooth (preferably utilizing microscopes). The size and form of the fracture plane are not always determined by looking at the crack line. One factor that contributes to the difficulty of effectively making an endodontic diagnosis is the inability to visualize the depth of the fracture through a clinical exam alone. Transillumination, microscopes and dyes are a useful tool for finding and diagnosis of the crack, treatment of the crack depends on the type, extend of the crack as well as the condition of the patient. In this review we’ll be looking at the diagnosis, etiology and management of fractured teeth.

Sagittal expansion of the maxilla in an adult. A clinical case

Relevance. Skeletal Class III malocclusion is one of the most difficult to correct. Genetics, environmental factors, and postembryonic development influence its etiology. Sagittal expansion of the upper jaw will ensure the correct position of the lower jaw, which in turn will improve the patient's aesthetic parameters and health. The study examines a treatment method using the Fixed anterior growth guidance appliance (FAGGA).Materials and methods. This clinical case presents a 21-year-old male with skeletal class III due to maxillary bone deficiency. The patient refused surgery to increase the size of the upper jaw and opted for orthodontic treatment. The latter was performed using a Fixed anterior growth guidance appliance (FAGGA), followed by a rapid palatal (maxillary) expansion (RME) and brackets. We removed the FAGGA after eight months. The profile and occlusion improved.Results. The change in the inclination and protrusion of the maxillary incisors improved the profile. We received 2mm of space behind the upper right canine and 1.5mm of space behind the left one and the SNA angle increased by 2 degrees. The treatment continues with RME and brackets.Conclusions. An increase in inclination and protrusion of the maxillary incisors and a slight skeletal change improved the aesthetic parameters of the facial area.

New way of closure of upper jaw defects

Article describes new original way of one-stage closure of upper jaw defects by using cutaneous-adiposal flap. The method is patented (patent of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2489096). We propose to use cutaneous-adiposal flap, mobilized in nasolabial furrow area, with axial pattern blood supply from angular artery and vein, by rotating to defect through buccal tonnel. This method allows to reliably eliminate upper jaw defect, improve functional and aesthetic results of treatment with minimal injuries caused by operation.Objective is to introduce new way of closure of upper jaw defects.

Mammalian face as an evolutionary novelty

The anterior end of the mammalian face is characteristically composed of a semimotile nose, not the upper jaw as in other tetrapods. Thus, the therian nose is covered ventrolaterally by the “premaxilla,” and the osteocranium possesses only a single nasal aperture because of the absence of medial bony elements. This stands in contrast to those in other tetrapods in whom the premaxilla covers the rostral terminus of the snout, providing a key to understanding the evolution of the mammalian face. Here, we show that the premaxilla in therian mammals (placentals and marsupials) is not entirely homologous to those in other amniotes; the therian premaxilla is a composite of the septomaxilla and the palatine remnant of the premaxilla of nontherian amniotes (including monotremes). By comparing topographical relationships of craniofacial primordia and nerve supplies in various tetrapod embryos, we found that the therian premaxilla is predominantly of the maxillary prominence origin and associated with mandibular arch. The rostral-most part of the upper jaw in nonmammalian tetrapods corresponds to the motile nose in therian mammals. During development, experimental inhibition of primordial growth demonstrated that the entire mammalian upper jaw mostly originates from the maxillary prominence, unlike other amniotes. Consistently, cell lineage tracing in transgenic mice revealed a mammalian-specific rostral growth of the maxillary prominence. We conclude that the mammalian-specific face, the muzzle, is an evolutionary novelty obtained by overriding ancestral developmental constraints to establish a novel topographical framework in craniofacial mesenchyme.

Morphological Features of the Structure of the Root Canals of Premolars and Molars of the Upper Jaw on the Basis of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

The key issue for dentists of all specialties is the fight against foci of chronic odontogenic infection. Much attention is paid to the introduction of operations that preserve teeth performed at an outpatient surgical appointment, but specialists rarely use them and often remove teeth. The purpose of the study is to determine the morphological features of the structure of the root canals of the premolars and molars of the upper jaw on the basis of cone-beam computed tomography of the jaws, to assess the quality of previously performed endodontic treatment and the frequency of destructive processes in the long-term follow-up. Materials and methods. Anatomical features of the structure of the premolars and molars of the upper jaw were retrospectively studied on the basis of cone-beam computed tomography data in 97 patients aged 26-71 years. 97 teeth (premolars and molars) of the upper jaw were examined in this number of patients. Depending on the belonging to the jaw segments, all the teeth of patients whose anatomical features of the root canals were analyzed, were divided into 4 groups: the first premolars – n=6; the second premolars – n=15; the first molars – n=54; the second molars – n=22. Results and discussion. The study of the morphology of the root canals of the first and second premolars of the upper jaw did not reveal statistically significant differences in the angle of inclination of the root canals, the number of roots and root canals. The analysis of the morphology of the root canals of the first and second molars of the upper jaw also found no significant differences in the angle of inclination of the root canals. At the same time, the share of unsatisfactory endodontic treatment in the analyzed groups of teeth was 82.5%. In addition, destructive bone processes in the periapical region were detected in all molars and premolars of the upper jaw, regardless of the quality of endodontic treatment. Conclusion. Each of the above results as well as all of them together, convincingly demonstrate: 1) insufficient effectiveness of the use of endodontic treatment alone in order to sanitize the foci of chronic odontogenic infection located in the apices of the roots of the molars and premolars of the upper jaw which is largely justified by the features of the anatomical structure of the latter; 2) the need to develop a system of differentiated use of surgical methods of treatment for the rehabilitation of foci of chronic odontogenic infection of the specified localization, taking into account the variant anatomy of the root canals of the premolars and molars of the upper jaw