scholarly journals A Review of Football Injuries and the Role of 3D Biomechanical Analysis in Injury Prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-212
Author(s):  
Prakash Ayyadurai ◽  
Suresh Perumal ◽  
Arumugam Sivaraman ◽  
Janani Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Keddin Alwar Thiagarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis

Bilateral asymmetries in professional cyclists during a Grand Tour

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Alejandro Javaloyes ◽  
Manuel Mateo-March ◽  
Felipe P. Carpes ◽  
Manuel Moya-Ramon ◽  
Raúl Lopez-Grueso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Intensity Distribution ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Overuse Injury ◽  
Power Balance ◽  
Grand Tour ◽  
Race Time ◽  
Potential Link

BACKGROUND: Pedalling asymmetries are a topic of interest to cycling coaches and athletes due to a potential link with performance and injury prevention. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to describe the bilateral asymmetry of professional cyclists during two editions of a Grand Tour. METHODS: Here we set out to determine the power balance (power produced by each lower limb) between stronger and weaker leg (dominant vs. non-dominant) of 12 UCI professional cyclists competing at two Giro d’Italia editions. Power data were recorded during competition stages. Further analysis considered power data clustered into individual intensity zones (from Z1 to Z7). RESULTS: Higher intensity elicited better power balance (lower asymmetry) regardless of the stage profile. Intensity distribution analysed according to the role of the cyclist was lower for climbers in Z2 (p= 0.006) and Z7 (p= 0.002) and higher in Z5 (p= 0.023) compared to team helpers. Power balance ranged from 0 to 9 % across the different athletes. CONCLUSIONS: Increase in power output improves power balance, especially in team helpers, and the lower power balance at lower exercise intensities, which are most of the race time, may elicit significant cumulative loading on a given leg of the cyclists, which requires further attention regarding risks of overuse injury.

Biomechanical analysis of impending femoral neck fractures: The role of percutaneous cement augmentation for osteolytic lesions

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian T. Palumbo ◽  
Charles Nalley ◽  
Roger B. Gaskins ◽  
Sergio Gutierrez ◽  
Gerald E. Alexander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Cement Augmentation ◽  
Femoral Neck Fractures ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Osteolytic Lesions ◽  
Percutaneous Cement Augmentation

Role of Adolescent-Adult Connection in Assault Injury Prevention among Male Youth in Urban Low-Resource Neighborhoods

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. S17
Author(s):  
Alison J. Culyba ◽  
Elizabeth Miller ◽  
Kenneth R. Ginsburg ◽  
Charles C. Branas ◽  
Wensheng Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Low Resource

Biomechanical Analysis of the Sensitivity of Brain Tissue Responses to FE Head Models in the Study of Impact-Induced TBI

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesam S. Moghaddam ◽  
Asghar Rezaei ◽  
Mariusz Ziejewski ◽  
Ghodrat Karami
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Head Model ◽  
Tissue Responses ◽  
Stress Prediction ◽  
Brain Material ◽  
The Brain

Abstract A numerical investigation is conducted on the injury-related biomechanical parameters of the human head under blunt impacts. The objective of this research is twofold; first to understand the role of the employed finite element (FE) head model — with its specific components, shape, size, material properties, and mesh size — in predicting tissue responses of the brain, and second to investigate the fidelity of pressure response in validating FE head models. Accordingly, two independently established and validated FE head models are impacted in two directions under two impact severities and their predicted responses in terms of intracranial pressure (ICP) and shear stress are compared. The coup-counter ICP peak values are less sensitive to head model, mesh size, and the brain material. In all cases, maximum ICPs occur on the outer surface, vanishing linearly toward the center of the brain. Hence, it is concluded that different head models may simply reproduce the results of ICP variations due to impact. Shear stress prediction, however, is mainly affected by the head model, direction and severity of impact, and the brain material.

scholarly journals Medial migration in cephalomedullary nail fixation of pertrochanteric hip fractures

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 313-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Law ◽  
Y. R. Wong ◽  
A. K-S. Yew ◽  
A. C. T. Choh ◽  
J. S. B. Koh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Tensile Loading ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Cephalomedullary Nail ◽  
Compression Loading ◽  
Medial Migration ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Objectives The paradoxical migration of the femoral neck element (FNE) superomedially against gravity, with respect to the intramedullary component of the cephalomedullary device, is a poorly understood phenomenon increasingly seen in the management of pertrochanteric hip fractures with the intramedullary nail. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of bidirectional loading on the medial migration phenomenon, based on unique wear patterns seen on scanning electron microscopy of retrieved implants suggestive of FNE toggling. Methods A total of 18 synthetic femurs (Sawbones, Vashon Island, Washington) with comminuted pertrochanteric fractures were divided into three groups (n = 6 per group). Fracture fixation was performed using the Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA) implant (Synthes, Oberdorf, Switzerland; n = 6). Group 1 was subjected to unidirectional compression loading (600 N), with an elastomer (70A durometer) replacing loose fracture fragments to simulate surrounding soft-tissue tensioning. Group 2 was subjected to bidirectional loading (600 N compression loading, 120 N tensile loading), also with the elastomer replacing loose fracture fragments. Group 3 was subjected to bidirectional loading (600 N compression loading, 120 N tensile loading) without the elastomer. All constructs were tested at 2 Hz for 5000 cycles or until cut-out occurred. The medial migration distance (MMD) was recorded at the end of the testing cycles. Results The MMDs for Groups 1, 2, and 3 were 1.02 mm, 6.27 mm, and 5.44 mm respectively, with reliable reproduction of medial migration seen in all groups. Bidirectional loading groups showed significantly higher MMDs compared with the unidirectional loading group (p < 0.01). Conclusion Our results demonstrate significant contributions of bidirectional cyclic loading to the medial migration phenomenon in cephalomedullary nail fixation of pertrochanteric hip fractures. Cite this article: G. W. Law, Y. R. Wong, A. K-S. Yew, A. C. T. Choh, J. S. B. Koh, T. S. Howe. Medial migration in cephalomedullary nail fixation of pertrochanteric hip fractures: A biomechanical analysis using a novel bidirectional cyclic loading model. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:313–322. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.87.BJR-2018-0271.R1.

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