Bilateral asymmetries in professional cyclists during a Grand Tour

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Alejandro Javaloyes ◽  
Manuel Mateo-March ◽  
Felipe P. Carpes ◽  
Manuel Moya-Ramon ◽  
Raúl Lopez-Grueso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Intensity Distribution ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Overuse Injury ◽  
Power Balance ◽  
Grand Tour ◽  
Race Time ◽  
Potential Link

BACKGROUND: Pedalling asymmetries are a topic of interest to cycling coaches and athletes due to a potential link with performance and injury prevention. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to describe the bilateral asymmetry of professional cyclists during two editions of a Grand Tour. METHODS: Here we set out to determine the power balance (power produced by each lower limb) between stronger and weaker leg (dominant vs. non-dominant) of 12 UCI professional cyclists competing at two Giro d’Italia editions. Power data were recorded during competition stages. Further analysis considered power data clustered into individual intensity zones (from Z1 to Z7). RESULTS: Higher intensity elicited better power balance (lower asymmetry) regardless of the stage profile. Intensity distribution analysed according to the role of the cyclist was lower for climbers in Z2 (p= 0.006) and Z7 (p= 0.002) and higher in Z5 (p= 0.023) compared to team helpers. Power balance ranged from 0 to 9 % across the different athletes. CONCLUSIONS: Increase in power output improves power balance, especially in team helpers, and the lower power balance at lower exercise intensities, which are most of the race time, may elicit significant cumulative loading on a given leg of the cyclists, which requires further attention regarding risks of overuse injury.

The role of delayed lower limb embolectomy in patients with late ischemia

Chirurgia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walid M. Gamal ◽  
Abdrheem F. Mohamed ◽  
Zeniab M. Askary
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb

Foot core strengthening: relevance in injury prevention and rehabilitation for runners

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Plantar Fascia ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Tibialis Posterior ◽  
Lower Limb Injury ◽  
Limb Injury ◽  
Plantar Fasciopathy ◽  
Intrinsic Foot Muscles

The human foot is a flexible structure characterized by a pronounced medial longitudinal arch (MLA) that compresses and recoils during running. That process is actively driven by the intrinsic foot muscles and requires a proper stability of the MLA. This introduces the concept of foot core stability. Because the intrinsic foot muscles are often neglected by clinicians and researchers, the purpose of this article is to provide some guidelines for incorporating foot core training in prevention or rehabilitation programmes for runners. The intrinsic foot muscles play a key role in postural control and maintain balance during single leg stance by controlling the height of the MLA and the foot pronation. During running, these muscles lengthen eccentrically during the absorption phase and subsequently shorten as the arch recoils during the propulsive phase, functioning in parallel to the plantar fascia. As a consequence, the dysfunction or weakness of the MLA active support may lead to injuries (e.g. plantar fasciopathy, Achilles or Tibialis posterior tendinopathy, metatarsalgia or medial tibial stress syndrome), due to numerous biomechanical cascades and mechanisms. In order to counteract or prevent these impairments, there are two ways for enhancing the foot core stability. Firstly in terms of volitional control of the intrinsic foot muscles, the “short foot exercise” must be practiced. Secondly strengthening sessions using neuromuscular electrical stimulation of these muscles seem to be a promising strategy in order to support the MLA and control the pronation during running. Practically, the foot core strengthening protocol may beneficiate not only the runners affected by excessive pronation related injuries but also those who sustained a long term lower limb injury and may be affected by a detraining process. In addition we warmly recommend integrating this protocol in any lower limb injury prevention programme or strength and conditioning plan for runners.

COVID-19 and Comorbidities: is Inflammation the Underlying Condition in Children? A narrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Pinna ◽  
Lavinia Sanfilippo ◽  
Pier Paolo Bassareo ◽  
Vassilios Fanos ◽  
Maria Antonietta Marcialis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Underlying Condition ◽  
Pathogenic Mechanisms ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Potential Link

: This paper examines the potential link between COVID-19 and the presence of comorbidities and assesses the role of inflammation in this correlation. In COVID-19 patients, the most frequently associated diseases share a pathogenic inflammatory basis and apparently act as a risk factor in the onset of a more severe form of the disease, particularly in adulthood. However, in children, the understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms is often complicated by the milder symptoms presented. A series of theories have therefore been put forward with a view of providing a better understanding of the role played by inflammation in this dramatic setting. All evidence available to date on this topic is discussed in this review.

scholarly journals The Role of Circulating Biomarkers in Peripheral Arterial Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3601
Author(s):  
Goren Saenz-Pipaon ◽  
Esther Martinez-Aguilar ◽  
Josune Orbe ◽  
Arantxa González Miqueo ◽  
Leopoldo Fernandez-Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Thrombotic Occlusion ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Inflammatory Molecules

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) of the lower extremities is a chronic illness predominantly of atherosclerotic aetiology, associated to traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. It is one of the most prevalent CV conditions worldwide in subjects >65 years, estimated to increase greatly with the aging of the population, becoming a severe socioeconomic problem in the future. The narrowing and thrombotic occlusion of the lower limb arteries impairs the walking function as the disease progresses, increasing the risk of CV events (myocardial infarction and stroke), amputation and death. Despite its poor prognosis, PAD patients are scarcely identified until the disease is advanced, highlighting the need for reliable biomarkers for PAD patient stratification, that might also contribute to define more personalized medical treatments. In this review, we will discuss the usefulness of inflammatory molecules, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and cardiac damage markers, as well as novel components of the liquid biopsy, extracellular vesicles (EVs), and non-coding RNAs for lower limb PAD identification, stratification, and outcome assessment. We will also explore the potential of machine learning methods to build prediction models to refine PAD assessment. In this line, the usefulness of multimarker approaches to evaluate this complex multifactorial disease will be also discussed.

Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Injuries in New Zealand Army Recruits as Defined by Physical Therapy Service Presentations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narelle Hall ◽  
Maria Constantinou ◽  
Mark Brown ◽  
Belinda Beck ◽  
Suzanne Kuys
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Basic Training ◽  
Lower Limb Injuries ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Army Recruits ◽  
Therapy Service

ABSTRACT Introduction Army recruit injuries occurring during basic training can lead to high personal and organizational burdens potentially threatening deployment capability. Previous military surveillance describing recruit injury as defined by physical therapy presentations is limited to 1-year duration or includes only male infantry recruits or trained personnel. Research describing injury incidence and trends specific to New Zealand Army basic training recruits over a longer period will better inform future injury prevention programs. Aims To identify the incidence and patterns of injuries reported from physical therapy presentations for New Zealand Army recruits undertaking basic training over a 4-year period. Materials and Methods This retrospective observational study identified injuries from physical therapy service presentations in New Zealand Army recruits from 2008 to 2011. All male and female New Zealand Army recruits who presented to physical therapy, following medical triage, were included. Recruit physical therapy presentations for injury and respiratory and other conditions were collated. Injury incidence was grouped by body region (upper limbs, lower limbs, and combined spinal regions) and site (joint or segment), and cumulative and injury incidence rates were calculated. Results One thousand eight hundred and ninety-six (1,697 males and 199 females) New Zealand Army recruits commenced basic training between 2008 and 2011. One thousand six hundred and eighty-three physical therapy presentations occurred for recruit injury during New Zealand Army basic training over 4 years. Lower limb injuries accounted for over 75% (n = 1,285) of the overall demand for physical therapy service during recruit basic training. Injuries sustained at the knee and below accounted for 67% of all reported injury presentations. Conclusion Four years of injury surveillance using physical therapy presentations identified the lower limb, with the knee and below as the most commonly injured regions in New Zealand Army recruits. Injury prevention interventions for New Zealand Army recruits should aim to reduce lower limb injuries. Future research on injury surveillance would benefit from incorporating clear injury and severity definitions, established injury classification systems, and standardized incidence calculations.

scholarly journals Role of adhesion molecules in the induction of restenosis after angioplasty in the lower limb

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 969-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Heider ◽  
Moritz Georg Wildgruber ◽  
Wolfgang Weiss ◽  
Hermann Jakob Berger ◽  
Eckstein Hans Henning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Lower Limb
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