Occipitalization of Atlas: A Case Report with its Ontogenic Basis and Review of Literature

ABSTRACT Introduction Anatomy of the cervical vertebrae allows free flexion, extension, and rotation, which take place almost entirely in the first two cervical vertebrae. Variation in the articulation of upper cervical spine-like congenital fusion of the atlas to the base of the occiput, i.e., occipitalization of the atlas, is one of the common skeletal abnormalities. Such variations will produce irregular motion and at times a definite instability of the joint involved. Conclusion Considering the nature and functional importance of the joints in relation to these bones, the resulting disability is one of the rare occurrences and deserves special attention. Such patients exhibit neurological signs and symptoms usually no sooner than the second decade. Thus, anatomy, variations, and anomalies of the craniocervical junction are of high clinical importance to many specialties like anatomists, neurosurgeons, radiologists, and manipulative therapists, as they markedly influence mobility and stability of the cervical region. How to cite this article Lalit M, Piplani S, Mahajan A, Kullar JS. Occipitalization of Atlas: A Case Report with its Ontogenic Basis and Review of Literature. Curr Trends Diagn Treat 2017;1(1):34-37.

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Subarachnoid Hematoma of the Craniocervical Junction and Upper Cervical Spine After Traumatic Cerebral Contusion: Case Report

Neurologia medico-chirurgica ◽

10.2176/nmc.cr2012-0338 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 53 (9) ◽

pp. 620-624 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alessandro DI RIENZO ◽

Maurizio IACOANGELI ◽

Lorenzo ALVARO ◽

Roberto COLASANTI ◽

Elisa MORICONI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Cervical Spine ◽

Craniocervical Junction ◽

Upper Cervical Spine ◽

Cerebral Contusion ◽

Upper Cervical

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Optimal Fusion Configuration Following C2 Corpectomy

ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/sbc2009-206873 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Justin K. Scheer ◽

John Equizabal ◽

Jovauna M. Currey ◽

Jenni M. Buckley ◽

R. T. McClellan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Structural Integrity ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Cervical Vertebrae ◽

Cervical Region ◽

Upper Cervical Spine ◽

Mechanical Instability ◽

Common Location ◽

Upper Cervical ◽

Optimal Fusion ◽

Base Of The Skull

The upper cervical spine is a common location for metastatic tumors, which often necessitate surgical intervention to prevent neurological compromise [1]. Removal of the tumor often requires partial or complete resection of cervical vertebrae and therefore causes substantial mechanical instability in the cervical region [2]. Structural integrity is restored by fusion of the base of the skull to C5 using various spinal hardware, including cages and posterior screw-rod constructs. Due to the proximity of the spinal cord and vertebral arteries, these procedures have high associated morbidity and mortality, and the biomechanical necessity of more risky procedures, e.g., additional cages replacing the lateral masses of C2, in order to achieve sufficient rigidity has not been evaluated. Thus, the goal of this study is to determine the optimal fusion configuration following C2 corpectomy that maximized segmental rigidity while minimizing risk to the patient.

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Delayed Diagnosis of Upper Cervical Spine Injury Presenting with Cardiopulmonary Arrest in Elderly Patients―A Case Report and Review of Literature―

Spinal Surgery ◽

10.2531/spinalsurg.32.192 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 192-196

Author(s):

Hidekazu Tanaka ◽

Masahiro Kawanishi ◽

Kunio Yokoyama ◽

Makoto Yamada ◽

Yutaka Ito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Cervical Spine ◽

Cervical Spine Injury ◽

Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽

Delayed Diagnosis ◽

Spine Injury ◽

Upper Cervical Spine ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Upper Cervical ◽

Upper Cervical Spine Injury

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Descending Cervical-Sacral Pain after the Administration of Antivenom to the Scorpion Sting Poisoning: A Case Report

Latin american journal of clinical sciences and medical technology ◽

10.34141/ljcs7951402 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 93-96

Author(s):

Josué Saúl Almaraz Lira ◽

Alfredo Luis Chávez Haro ◽

Cristian Alfredo López López ◽

Remedios del Pilar González Jiménez

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Case Report ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Cervical Region ◽

Scorpion Sting ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Sacral Region ◽

Scorpion Stings

Introduction. Scorpion stings occur mainly in spring and summer, with an estimate of 1.2 million cases per year worldwide. About 300,000 poisonings occur within a year, primarily affecting children and adults older than 65 years. In 2019, Guanajuato (Mexico) ranked third in poisoning by scorpion sting with a total of 43,913 cases. The intoxication grades are three where the signs and symptoms are varied. There are two types of antivenom in the Mexican market, and we use Alacramyn® in our case. Case presentation. A 70-year-old female —with grade 1 scorpion sting poisoning, 30 minutes of evolution, with type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure— received two vials of antivenom according to current regulations. She presented transient vagal reaction and subsequent transient pain in the cervical region that radiates to the sacral region. At discharge, there are no data compatible with scorpion sting poisoning. Conclusions. Transient pain in the cervical region to the sacral region may be secondary to an anxiety crisis, hypersensitivity to IgG, or secondary reaction to administration in less time than recommended by the provider. The benefit was greater than the reactions that occurred.

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