The role of cord blood banks in the cell therapy era: future perspectives

Significant progress in the promotion of procedural technologies associated with the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells caused a rapid increase in activity. The exchange of hematopoietic stem cells for unrelated donor transplantations is now much easier due to the relevant international professional structures and organizations established to support cooperation and standard setting, as well as rules for the functioning of both national donor registries and cord blood banks. These processes are increasing every year and are contributing to the outpacing rates of development in this area. Products within their country should be regulated by the competent government authorities. This study analyzes the work of international and national levels of support for transplantation activity in the field of unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the standardization order of technologies, as well as data that justify the need to create a network of donated umbilical cord blood banks in Ukraine as a factor in the development of allogeneic transplantation. This will promote the accessibility of international standards for the treatment of serious diseases for Ukrainian citizens.

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The Future of Cord Blood Banks

Cord Blood Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine ◽

10.1016/b978-0-12-407785-0.00021-9 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 291-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Catherine Stavropoulos-Giokas ◽

Theofanis K. Chatzistamatiou ◽

Efstathios Michalopoulos ◽

Andreas Papassavas

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Blood Banks ◽

The Future ◽

Cord Blood Banks

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Umbilical Cord Blood Banks: Seizing Surplus Value

Property in the Body ◽

10.1017/9781316675984.007 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 88-108

Author(s):

Donna Dickenson

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Umbilical Cord Blood ◽

Surplus Value ◽

Blood Banks ◽

Cord Blood Banks

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Public Cord Blood Banks: Worthy of National Investment

10.7249/rb9977 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Kandice Kapinos ◽

Brian Briscombe ◽

Tadeja Gracner ◽

Aaron Strong ◽

Christopher Whaley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Blood Banks ◽

Cord Blood Banks ◽

National Investment

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Outcome Comparisons between Two Cord Blood Banks on Different Continents Using Identical Procedures.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v108.11.5230.5230 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 108 (11) ◽

pp. 5230-5230

Author(s):

Allen Lin ◽

Steven Yang ◽

Brian Wang ◽

Peggy Tseng ◽

Tina Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Benign Diseases ◽

Blood Banks ◽

Standard Operating ◽

The Usa ◽

Quality Programs ◽

Recipient Age ◽

Cord Blood Banks

Abstract Theoretically, cord blood (CB) banked using identical procedures by different banks should yield similar outcome if standard operating procedures (SOP) and quality programs are followed rigorously. To compare and validate the quality of the CB products, we studied whether all CB with available engraftment and/or survival transplant data from two banks, one in the USA and one in Taiwan, banked using virtually identical procedures, yielded similar transplantation outcome. Unadjusted engraftment of ANC500 were 91±3% for US (n=144) and 79±6% for Taiwan (n=49), while 1-year overall survival (OS) were 56±4% for US (n=153) vs. 68±7% for Taiwan (n=50). A number of obvious differences in transplants for the two banks were identified, for example, CB Transplants from the Taiwan CB bank (CBB) had more patients with benign diseases versus US (54% vs. 22%), which also influenced the proportion of pediatric patients and cell dose. Moreover, the Taiwan CBB had most units transplanted outside of the USA, whereas the USA CBB shipped most of its products within the USA. Another difference was that a higher proportion of CB were washed post-thaw for the USA CBB because USA transplant centers were more likely to practice post-thaw washing. We also analyzed the benign and malignant groups separately. For malignant patients, unadjusted engraftment of ANC500 were 92±3% for USA (n=114) and 73±10% for Taiwan (n=22), while 1-year OS were 50±5% for USA (n=120) vs. 40±11% for Taiwan (n=23). For benign indications, unadjusted engraftment of ANC500 were 89±6% for USA (n=30) and 85±7% for Taiwan (n=27), while 1-year OS were 66±9% for USA (n=33) vs. 92±5% for Taiwan (n=27). To adjust for some of these differences, a multivariate analysis was performed adjusting for malignancy, TNC dose, CD34+ dose, #HLA matches, recipient age, recipient sex, and washed status of CBU. Collectively, these data suggest that most of the apparent differences in outcome between the two banks may be explained by factors such as % malignant indications, and use of post-thaw wash. Overall, after adjustment for the differences between transplants using CB from the two banks, outcomes were quite similar, suggesting that if SOPs and quality programs were followed rigorously, results can be reproducible for CBB at disparate locations.

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High Chance of Finding “Suitable” Unrelated Cord Blood Donations (UCBD) in the Australian Network of Cord Blood Banks (AUSCORD).

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v110.11.5062.5062 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 110 (11) ◽

pp. 5062-5062

Author(s):

Marcus R. Vowels ◽

Anthony Montague ◽

Sally Gordon ◽

Peter Duignan ◽

Cathie Hart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Asian Indian ◽

Middle Eastern ◽

The Other ◽

Blood Banks ◽

Class 1 ◽

Australian Community ◽

Unrelated Cord Blood ◽

Cord Blood Banks ◽

High Chance

Abstract Aims: To determine the value of a CB inventory in the country of citizenship of the patient, we investigated the potential to find suitable UCBD in the Auscord inventory for Australian patients who could not identify a matched unrelated bone marrow donor (MUBMD) amongst donors registered either in the ABMDR or international registries. Methods: Between 7/2003 and 6/2005, search was commenced for 776 Australian patients; 32% of searches resulted in a BM or CB transplant, 22% were cancelled, 46% remained open. Fifty-two patients were unable to find an 8/8 MUBMD (intermediate level class 1 (A, B) and allelic level class 2 (DRB1, DQB1)). The Auscord inventory contained 17,761 UCBD with an ethnic mix of 65% Caucasian, and the remainder with ethnic backgrounds reflective of those in the Australian community. Four, 5 and 6 of 6 matched UCBD with intermediate or higher resolution typing were identified and their nucleated cell (NC) content recorded. Results: Six patients were 16 years or younger and 46 were older, 19 were female and 33 were male and mean weight was 72.2kg (range 16–85.9kg). Ethnic mix was 68% Caucasian, 8% Asian/Indian, 6% multiple ethnicity, 4% Pacific Islander, 4% Middle Eastern and was not recorded for 14%. One patient (1.9%), of New Guinean background, had no 4, 5 or 6/6 matched UCBD. Two patients (3.8%) had a single 6/6 HLA matched UCBD identified; one had >20 5/6 matched and the other had no 5/6 and >20 4/6 matched UCBD. Twenty-nine patients (55.8%) had between 1 and 15 5/6 and between 1 and >20 4/6 matched and 20 patients (38.5%) had between 2 and >20 4/6 matched UCBD. To determine the potential for these patients to proceed to transplant only those UCBD where allelic DRB1 typing (15,279) was available were evaluated. The NC content of the best matched UCB donation was a mean of 159.2x107 (range 59–281) and provided a NC dose of 2.5x107/kg (range 0.8–13.5) and for the second UCBD was 168.8x107 (range 43–274) with a NC dose of 5.2x107/kg (range 1.3–27.0). Five patients (9.6%; 2 adults and 3 children) had a single best matched UCBD which provided a NC dose of ≥3.5x107/kg, and a further 6 patients (11.5%; 2 children and 4 adults) had a single best matched which provided a NC dose of between 3.0 and 3.49x107/kg. For the 46 patients who had a single best matched which provided a NC dose of <3.5x107/kg, an analysis was then performed combining the NC content of the best match single with a second UCBD which had the highest NC content, whether this UCBD was the same degree of matching or 1 HLA mismatch lower. Thirty-nine of 46 patients (84.4%) had 2 UCBD which provided a combined NC dose of ≥3.5x107/kg, 4 (8.7%) had 2 UCBD which provided a combined NC dose of between 3.0 and 3.49x107/kg, and 3 (6.5%) did not have 2 UCBD which provided a combined NC dose of ≥3.0x107/kg. Conclusions: These data indicate that for Australian patients who could not identify a MUBMD 92.3% found suitable UCBD in an Australian inventory of 17,716 UCBD that provided an acceptable NC dose. This reality highlights that the ethnic mix of a CB inventory in the country of nationality of the patient is reflected in the community from which the donations are sourced, and that suitable donations could be identified for 89% of adult patients. However, 39% of patients had only 4/6 matched UCBD available and thus a larger inventory may result in identifying more closely matched UCBD.

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Comparative Study of French Unrelated Registered Stem Cell Donors and Cryopreserved Cord Blood Units.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v110.11.5068.5068 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 110 (11) ◽

pp. 5068-5068

Author(s):

Marie-Lorraine M.L. Balere ◽

Valerie V. Lapierre ◽

Federico F. Garnier ◽

Evelyne E. Marry

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Equivalent Rate ◽

The Em Algorithm ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Blood Banks ◽

Haplotype Frequencies ◽

National Patient ◽

Unrelated Donors ◽

Hla Haplotypes ◽

Cord Blood Banks

Abstract The question of the HLA complementarity between unrelated Donors Registries and Cord Blood banks is often raised. On december 31th 2006, three methods were used to qualify and quantify the genetic diversity and complementarity between French marrow unrelated donors (FMUD) and French cryopreserved cord blood units (FCBU). The first one is based on HLA haplotype frequencies performed according to the EM algorithm method, the second on the contribution in new phenotypes (CinNP), the third on the presence of no, one or two frequent haplotypes within MUD/CBU phenotypes. Preliminary operations on HLA typings were necessary to homogenize data: split level, exclusion of only typed at class I level donors. HLA haplotype frequencies comparison does not lead to a global significant difference between FMUD and FCBU. The 5 most frequent haplotypes are identical in both populations: 01-08-17, 29-44-07, 03-07-15, 02-44-04, 02-07-15. Then some haplotypes, characteristic of either Nord or South of Europe, were more frequent among the FMUD than among the FCBU: 02-44-07, 02-51-13, 11-35-01, 02-60-13. On the contrary, some haplotypes of Middle East and Eastern Europe were more frequent among the FCBU than among the FMUD: 30-18-17, 24-35-11, 02-13-07, 33-65-01. In 2006 CinNP does not differ significantly between FMUD and FCBU. 49% of new MUD/CBU bring new HLA-ABDR low resolution split level phenotypes to the FMUD and FCBU populations present the year before, with differences between regions: Martinique and Reunion islands have the largest CinNP, Britanny the smallest. Effectiveness in term of CinNP have been studied for France during the past 6 years, by 2 year sections: 2001–2002, 2003–2004, 2005–2006. As expected, in order to reach an equivalent rate of CinNP, a growing number of donors must be registered every year. The 25 most frequent haplotypes among the FMUD and FCBU were calculated, and called “frequent haplotypes” (FH) among the French population. We could then categorize individuals according to the number of FH they had: none, one or two. 85% of harvested FMUD for a national patient between 2000 and 2006 had one or two FH versus 54% of infused FCBU. 50% of harvested FMUD/ infused FCBU for an international patient had no FH, versus 26% for a national patient. FMUD registry and FCBU banks are complementary: they answer to various HLA haplotypes needs for national and international patients. Incontestably, international patients benefit from French MUD/CBU, which present HLA characteristics not or under-represented in their Registry of origin.

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