Some Recent Developments in theory of Metric Spaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (07) ◽  
pp. 1314-1320
Author(s):  
Parveen Sheoran ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Topological Space ◽  
Distance Function ◽  
Metric Space ◽  
Metric Spaces ◽  
Scalar Function ◽  
Distinct Advantage ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Common Concept ◽  
The Common

The topology on a set X is formed by a non-negative real valued scalar function called metric, which may be understood as measuring some quantity. Because some of the set’s attributes are similar, there’s a distance between any two elements, or points. Quite evocative of the common concept of distance that we come across in our daily lives. Because its topology is entirely defined by a scalar distance function, this sort of topological space has a distinct advantage over all others. We may reasonably assume that we are familiar with the qualities of such a function and are capable of dealing with it successfully. Instead, a generic topology is frequently dictated by a set of perhaps abstract rules. Frecklet initially proposed the concept of a metric space in 1906, but it was Hausdorff who coined the phrase metric space a few years later.

On Asymmetric Distances

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 200-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea C.G. Mennucci
Keyword(s):  
Total Variation ◽  
Calculus Of Variations ◽  
Distance Function ◽  
Metric Space ◽  
Metric Spaces ◽  
Geodesic Segment ◽  
Intrinsic Metric ◽  
Typical Application ◽  
Variation Formula

Abstract In this paper we discuss asymmetric length structures and asymmetric metric spaces. A length structure induces a (semi)distance function; by using the total variation formula, a (semi)distance function induces a length. In the first part we identify a topology in the set of paths that best describes when the above operations are idempotent. As a typical application, we consider the length of paths defined by a Finslerian functional in Calculus of Variations. In the second part we generalize the setting of General metric spaces of Busemann, and discuss the newly found aspects of the theory: we identify three interesting classes of paths, and compare them; we note that a geodesic segment (as defined by Busemann) is not necessarily continuous in our setting; hence we present three different notions of intrinsic metric space.

scholarly journals UNIQUENESS THEOREMS FOR HARMONIC MAPS INTO METRIC SPACES

2002 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 725-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIKAKO MESE
Keyword(s):  
Riemannian Manifolds ◽  
Metric Space ◽  
Metric Spaces ◽  
Harmonic Maps ◽  
Uniqueness Theorems ◽  
Singular Spaces ◽  
Domain Space ◽  
Recent Developments

Recent developments extend much of the known theory of classical harmonic maps between smooth Riemannian manifolds to the case when the target is a metric space of curvature bounded from above. In particular, the existence and regularity theorems for harmonic maps into these singular spaces have been successfully generalized. Furthermore, the uniqueness of harmonic maps is known when the domain has a boundary (with a smallness of image condition if the target curvature is bounded from above by a positive number). In this paper, we will address the question of uniqueness when the domain space is without a boundary in two cases: one, when the curvature of the target is strictly negative and two, for a map between surfaces with nonpositive target curvature.

COMMON FIXED POINT THEOREM FOR TWO MAPPINGS IN bi-b-METRIC SPACE

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
V.D. Borgaonkar ◽  
K.L. Bondar ◽  
S.M. Jogdand
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Fixed Point Theorem ◽  
Common Fixed Point ◽  
Metric Space ◽  
Fixed Point Theorems ◽  
Metric Spaces ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Fixed Point Theorems ◽  
Common Fixed Point Theorem ◽  
Unique Common Fixed Point

In this paper we have used the concept of bi-metric space and intoduced the concept of bi-b-metric space. our objective is to obtain the common fixed point theorems for two mappings on two different b-metric spaces induced on same set X. In this paper we prove that on the set X two b-metrics are defined to form two different b-metric spaces and the two mappings defined on X have unique common fixed point.

scholarly journals On statistical convergence in quasi-metric spaces

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve İlkhan ◽  
Emrah Evren Kara
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Distance Function ◽  
Metric Space ◽  
Statistical Convergence ◽  
Triangle Inequality ◽  
Metric Spaces ◽  
Applied Mathematics ◽  
Comprehensive Investigation ◽  
Cauchy Sequences

AbstractA quasi-metric is a distance function which satisfies the triangle inequality but is not symmetric in general. Quasi-metrics are a subject of comprehensive investigation both in pure and applied mathematics in areas such as in functional analysis, topology and computer science. The main purpose of this paper is to extend the convergence and Cauchy conditions in a quasi-metric space by using the notion of asymptotic density. Furthermore, some results obtained are related to completeness, compactness and precompactness in this setting using statistically Cauchy sequences.

scholarly journals Some Common Coupled Fixed Point Results for Generalized Contraction in Complex-Valued Metric Spaces

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwan Amin Kutbi ◽  
Akbar Azam ◽  
Jamshaid Ahmad ◽  
Cristina Di Bari
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Points ◽  
Metric Space ◽  
Metric Spaces ◽  
Coupled Fixed Point ◽  
Generalized Contraction ◽  
Complex Valued Metric Space ◽  
The Common ◽  
Complex Valued ◽  
Common Coupled Fixed Points ◽  
Coupled Fixed Points

We introduce and study the notion of common coupled fixed points for a pair of mappings in complex valued metric space and demonstrate the existence and uniqueness of the common coupled fixed points in a complete complex-valued metric space in view of diverse contractive conditions. In addition, our investigations are well supported by nontrivial examples.

scholarly journals Metric spaces with nice closed balls and distance functions for closed sets

1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Beer
Keyword(s):  
Distance Function ◽  
Metric Space ◽  
Pointwise Convergence ◽  
Metric Spaces ◽  
Closed Ball ◽  
Distance Functions ◽  
Entire Space ◽  
Closed Sets ◽  
Bounded Sets

A metric space 〈X,d〉 is said to have nice closed balls if each closed ball in X is either compact or the entire space. This class of spaces includes the metric spaces in which closed and bounded sets are compact and those for which the distance function is the zero-one metric. We show that these are the spaces in which the relation F = Lim Fn for sequences of closed sets is equivalent to the pointwise convergence of 〈d (.,Fn)〉 to d (.,F). We also reconcile these modes of convergence with three other closely related ones.

scholarly journals Multivalued generalizations of fixed point results in fuzzy metric spaces

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Došenovic ◽  
Dušan Rakic ◽  
Biljana Caric ◽  
Stojan Radenovic
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Distance Function ◽  
Metric Space ◽  
Metric Spaces ◽  
Coincidence Point ◽  
Multivalued Mappings ◽  
Altering Distance Function ◽  
Fuzzy Metric ◽  
Altering Distance ◽  
Theoretical Results

This paper attempts to prove fixed and coincidence point results in fuzzy metric space using multivalued mappings. Altering distance function and multivalued strong {bn}-fuzzy contraction are used in order to do that. Presented theorems are generalization of some well known single valued results. Two examples are given to support the theoretical results.

scholarly journals Wardowski Type Contractions and the Fixed-Circle Problem on S-Metric Spaces

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Mlaiki ◽  
Ufuk Çelik ◽  
Nihal Taş ◽  
Nihal Yilmaz Özgür ◽  
Aiman Mukheimer
Keyword(s):  
Metric Space ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Metric Spaces ◽  
The Self ◽  
Circle Problem ◽  
The Common

In this paper, we present new fixed-circle theorems for self-mappings on an S-metric space using some Wardowski type contractions, ψ-contractive, and weakly ψ-contractive self-mappings. The common property in all of the obtained theorems for Wardowski type contractions is that the self-mapping fixes both the circle and the disc with the center x0 and the radius r.

scholarly journals Fixed points for pairs of mappings indcomplete topological spaces

1993 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troy L. Hicks ◽  
B. E. Rhoades
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Fixed Points ◽  
Large Class ◽  
Distance Function ◽  
Metric Space ◽  
Fixed Point Theorems ◽  
Metric Spaces ◽  
Topological Spaces ◽  
Triangular Inequality

Several important metric space fixed point theorems are proved for a large class of non-metric spaces. In some cases the metric space proofs need only minor changes. This is surprising since the distance function used need not be symmetric and need not satisfy the triangular inequality.

scholarly journals Dimension Theory via Reduced Bisector Chains

1978 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludvik Janos
Keyword(s):  
Topological Space ◽  
Metric Space ◽  
Metric Spaces ◽  
Topological Invariant ◽  
Maximum Length ◽  
Dimension Theory ◽  
Compact Metric Spaces ◽  
A Chain

AbstractLet (X, d) be a metric space and Y and Z subsets of X. We say that Z is a bisector in Y and write Y⊳Z iff Y⊃Z and there are two distinct points y1, y2 ∈ Y such that Z = ={z:d(z, y1) = d(z, y2) and z∈Y}. By a reduced bisector chain in (X, d) of length n we understand a chain X = such that dim Xn≤0 and dimXn-1>0). By r(X, d) we denote the maximum length of reduced bisector chains in (X, d). For a metrizable topological space X we introduce the topological invariant r(X) as the minimum of r(X, d) taken over the set of all metrizations d of X. We prove that the function r(X) coincides with the dimension of X on the class of compact metric spaces.

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