Pressure support ventilation in intensive care patients receiving prolonged invasive ventilation

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-402
Author(s):  
Wisam Al-Bassam ◽  
◽  
Tapan Parikh ◽  
Ary Serpa Neto ◽  
Yamamah Idrees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Pressure Support Ventilation ◽  
Pressure Support ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Support Ventilation ◽  
Intensive Care Patients

Non-invasive ventilation

2021 ◽  
pp. 267-283
Author(s):  
Josep Masip ◽  
Kenneth Planas ◽  
Arantxa Mas
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Support Ventilation ◽  
Pressure Support ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Support Ventilation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation

During the last 25 years, the use of non-invasive ventilation has grown substantially. Non-invasive ventilation refers to the delivery of positive pressure to the lungs without endotracheal intubation and plays a significant role in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory failure and in the domiciliary management of some chronic respiratory and sleep disorders. In the intensive and acute care setting, the primary aim of non-invasive ventilation is to avoid intubation, and it is mainly used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations, acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, immunocompromised or in the context of weaning, situations in which a reduction in mortality has been demonstrated. The principal techniques are continuous positive airway pressure, bilevel pressure support ventilation and more recently, high flow nasal cannula. Whereas non-invasive pressure support ventilation requires a ventilator, the other two techniques are simpler and can be easily used in non-equipped areas by less experienced teams, including the pre-hospital setting. The success of non-invasive ventilation is related to an adequate timing, proper selection of patients and interfaces, close monitoring as well as the achievement of a good adaptation to patients’ demand.

Performance Characteristics of Five New Anesthesia Ventilators and Four Intensive Care Ventilators in Pressure-support Mode

2006 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 944-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Jaber ◽  
Didier Tassaux ◽  
Mustapha Sebbane ◽  
Yvan Pouzeratte ◽  
Anne Battisti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Pressure Support Ventilation ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Pressure Support ◽  
Inspiratory Effort ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Lung Model ◽  
Support Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation Performance

Background During the past few years, many manufacturers have introduced new modes of ventilation in anesthesia ventilators, especially partial-pressure modalities. The current bench test study was designed to compare triggering and pressurization of five new anesthesia ventilators with four intensive care unit ventilators. Methods Ventilators were connected to a two-compartment lung model. One compartment was driven by an intensive care unit ventilator to mimic "patient" inspiratory effort, whereas the other was connected to the tested ventilator. The settings of ventilators were positive end-expiratory pressures of 0 and 5 cm H2O, and pressure-support ventilation levels of 10, 15, and 20 cm H2O with normal and high "patient" inspiratory effort. For the anesthesia ventilators, all the measurements were obtained for a low (1 l/min) and a high (10 l/min) fresh gas flow. Triggering delay, triggering workload, and pressurization at 300 and 500 ms were analyzed. Results For the five tested anesthesia ventilators, the pressure-support ventilation modality functioned correctly. For inspiratory triggering, the three most recent anesthesia machines (Fabius, Drägerwerk AG, Lübeck, Germany; Primus, Drägerwerk AG; and Avance, GE-Datex-Ohemda, Munchen, Germany) had a triggering delay of less than 100 ms, which is considered clinically satisfactory and is comparable to intensive care unit machines. The use of positive end-expiratory pressure modified the quality of delivered pressure support for two anesthesia ventilators (Kion, Siemens AG, Munich, Germany; and Felix, Taema, Antony, France). Three of the five anesthesia ventilators exhibited pressure-support ventilation performance characteristics comparable to those of the intensive care unit machines. Increasing fresh gas flow (1 to 10 l/min) in the internal circuit did not influence the pressure-support ventilation performance of the anesthesia ventilators. Conclusion Regarding trigger sensitivity and the system's ability to meet inspiratory flow during pressure-supported breaths, the most recent anesthesia ventilators have comparable performances of recent-generation intensive care unit ventilators.

Non-invasive ventilation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Masip ◽  
Kenneth Planas ◽  
Arantxa Mas
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Pressure Support Ventilation ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Pressure Support ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Support Ventilation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation

During the last 25 years, the use of non-invasive ventilation has grown substantially. Non-invasive ventilation refers to the delivery of positive pressure to the lungs without endotracheal intubation and plays a significant role in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory failure and in the domiciliary management of some chronic respiratory and sleep disorders. In the intensive and acute care setting, the primary aim of non-invasive ventilation is to avoid intubation, and it is mainly used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations, acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, or in the context of weaning, situations in which a reduction in mortality has been demonstrated. The principal techniques are continuous positive airway pressure and bilevel pressure support ventilation. Whereas non-invasive pressure support ventilation requires a ventilator, continuous positive airway pressure is a simpler technique that can be easily used in non-equipped areas such as the pre-hospital setting. The success of non-invasive ventilation is related to the adequate timing and selection of patients, as well as the appropriate use of interfaces, the synchrony of patient-ventilator, and the fine-tuning of the ventilator.

Non-invasive ventilation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Masip ◽  
Kenneth Planas ◽  
Arantxa Mas
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Support Ventilation ◽  
Pressure Support ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Support Ventilation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation

During the last 25 years, the use of non-invasive ventilation has grown substantially. Non-invasive ventilation refers to the delivery of positive pressure to the lungs without endotracheal intubation and plays a significant role in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory failure and in the domiciliary management of some chronic respiratory and sleep disorders. In the intensive and acute care setting, the primary aim of non-invasive ventilation is to avoid intubation, and it is mainly used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations, acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, immunocompromised or in the context of weaning, situations in which a reduction in mortality has been demonstrated. The principal techniques are continuous positive airway pressure, bilevel pressure support ventilation and more recently, high flow nasal cannula. Whereas non-invasive pressure support ventilation requires a ventilator, the other two techniques are simpler and can be easily used in non-equipped areas by less experienced teams, including the pre-hospital setting. The success of non-invasive ventilation is related to an adequate timing, proper selection of patients and interfaces, close monitoring as well as the achievement of a good adaptation to patients’ demand.

Non-invasive ventilation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Masip ◽  
Kenneth Planas ◽  
Arantxa Mas
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Pressure Support Ventilation ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Pressure Support ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Support Ventilation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation

During the last 25 years, the use of non-invasive ventilation has grown substantially. Non-invasive ventilation refers to the delivery of positive pressure to the lungs without endotracheal intubation and plays a significant role in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory failure and in the domiciliary management of some chronic respiratory and sleep disorders. In the intensive and acute care setting, the primary aim of non-invasive ventilation is to avoid intubation, and it is mainly used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations, acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, or in the context of weaning, situations in which a reduction in mortality has been demonstrated. The principal techniques are continuous positive airway pressure and bilevel pressure support ventilation. Whereas non-invasive pressure support ventilation requires a ventilator, continuous positive airway pressure is a simpler technique that can be easily used in non-equipped areas such as the pre-hospital setting. The success of non-invasive ventilation is related to the adequate timing and selection of patients, as well as the appropriate use of interfaces, the synchrony of patient-ventilator, and the fine-tuning of the ventilator.

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