scholarly journals CALIPSO Lidar Calibration at 532 nm: Version 4 Nighttime Algorithm

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayanta Kar ◽  
Mark A. Vaughan ◽  
Kam-Pui Lee ◽  
Jason L. Tackett ◽  
Melody A. Avery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Radiometric Calibration ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Langley Research Center ◽  
532 Nm

Abstract. Data products from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) on board Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) were recently updated following the implementation of new (version 4.1) calibration algorithms for all of the level 1 attenuated backscatter measurements. In this work we present the motivation for and the implementation of the version 4.1 nighttime 532 nm parallel channel calibration. The nighttime 532 nm calibration is the most fundamental calibration of CALIOP data, since all of CALIOP’s other radiometric calibration procedures – i.e., the 532 nm daytime calibration and the 1064 nm calibrations during both nighttime and daytime – depend either directly or indirectly on the 532 nm nighttime calibration. The accuracy of the 532 nm nighttime calibration is significantly improved by raising the molecular normalization altitude from 30–34 km to 36–39 km to substantially reduce stratospheric aerosol contamination. Due to the greatly reduced molecular number density and consequently reduced signal-to-noise ratio at the higher altitudes used to avoid aerosols, the signal is averaged over a larger number of samples. The new calibration procedure is shown to eliminate biases introduced in earlier versions and consequently leads to an improved representation of stratospheric aerosols. Validation results using airborne lidar measurements are also presented. Biases relative to collocated measurements acquired by the Langley Research Center (LaRC) airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) are reduced from 3.6 % ± 2.2 % in the version 3 data set to 1.6 % ± 2.4 % in the version 4.1 release.

scholarly journals CALIPSO lidar calibration at 532 nm: version 4 nighttime algorithm

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1459-1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayanta Kar ◽  
Mark A. Vaughan ◽  
Kam-Pui Lee ◽  
Jason L. Tackett ◽  
Melody A. Avery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Signal Acquisition ◽  
Radiometric Calibration ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Meteorological Model ◽  
532 Nm

Abstract. Data products from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) on board Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) were recently updated following the implementation of new (version 4) calibration algorithms for all of the Level 1 attenuated backscatter measurements. In this work we present the motivation for and the implementation of the version 4 nighttime 532 nm parallel channel calibration. The nighttime 532 nm calibration is the most fundamental calibration of CALIOP data, since all of CALIOP's other radiometric calibration procedures – i.e., the 532 nm daytime calibration and the 1064 nm calibrations during both nighttime and daytime – depend either directly or indirectly on the 532 nm nighttime calibration. The accuracy of the 532 nm nighttime calibration has been significantly improved by raising the molecular normalization altitude from 30–34 km to the upper possible signal acquisition range of 36–39 km to substantially reduce stratospheric aerosol contamination. Due to the greatly reduced molecular number density and consequently reduced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at these higher altitudes, the signal is now averaged over a larger number of samples using data from multiple adjacent granules. Additionally, an enhanced strategy for filtering the radiation-induced noise from high-energy particles was adopted. Further, the meteorological model used in the earlier versions has been replaced by the improved Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2), model. An aerosol scattering ratio of 1.01±0.01 is now explicitly used for the calibration altitude. These modifications lead to globally revised calibration coefficients which are, on average, 2–3 % lower than in previous data releases. Further, the new calibration procedure is shown to eliminate biases at high altitudes that were present in earlier versions and consequently leads to an improved representation of stratospheric aerosols. Validation results using airborne lidar measurements are also presented. Biases relative to collocated measurements acquired by the Langley Research Center (LaRC) airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) are reduced from 3.6 %±2.2 % in the version 3 data set to 1.6 %±2.4 % in the version 4 release.

scholarly journals CALIPSO lidar calibration at 1064 nm: version 4 algorithm

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Vaughan ◽  
Anne Garnier ◽  
Damien Josset ◽  
Melody Avery ◽  
Kam-Pui Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Model ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Radiometric Calibration ◽  
Calibration Target ◽  
Full Account ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
532 Nm ◽  
Calibration Coefficients

Abstract. Radiometric calibration of space-based elastic backscatter lidars is accomplished by comparing the measured backscatter signals to theoretically expected signals computed for some well-characterized calibration target. For any given system and wavelength, the choice of calibration target is dictated by several considerations, including signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and target availability. This paper describes the newly implemented procedures used to calibrate the 1064 nm measurements acquired by CALIOP (i.e., the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization), the two-wavelength (532 and 1064 nm) elastic backscatter lidar currently flying on the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) mission. CALIOP's 532 nm channel is accurately calibrated by normalizing the molecular backscatter from the uppermost aerosol-free altitudes of the CALIOP measurement region to molecular model data obtained from NASA's Global Modeling and Assimilation Office. However, because CALIOP's SNR for molecular backscatter measurements is prohibitively lower at 1064 nm than at 532 nm, the direct high-altitude molecular normalization method is not a viable option at 1064 nm. Instead, CALIOP's 1064 nm channel is calibrated relative to the 532 nm channel using the backscatter from a carefully selected subset of cirrus cloud measurements. In this paper we deliver a full account of the revised 1064 nm calibration algorithms implemented for the version 4.1 (V4) release of the CALIPSO lidar data products, with particular emphases on the physical basis for the selection of “calibration quality” cirrus clouds and on the new averaging scheme required to characterize intra-orbit calibration variability. The V4 procedures introduce latitudinally varying changes in the 1064 nm calibration coefficients of 25 % or more, relative to previous data releases, and are shown to substantially improve the accuracy of the V4 1064 nm attenuated backscatter coefficients. By evaluating calibration coefficients derived using both water clouds and ocean surfaces as alternate calibration targets, and through comparisons to independent, collocated measurements made by airborne high spectral resolution lidar, we conclude that the CALIOP V4 1064 nm calibration coefficients are accurate to within 3 %.

scholarly journals Assessment of the CALIPSO Lidar 532 nm attenuated backscatter calibration using the NASA LaRC airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1295-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Rogers ◽  
C. A. Hostetler ◽  
J. W. Hair ◽  
R. A. Ferrare ◽  
Z. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Calibration Scheme ◽  
Data Products ◽  
Langley Research Center ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
532 Nm

Abstract. The Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) instrument on the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) spacecraft has provided global, high-resolution vertical profiles of aerosols and clouds since it became operational on 13 June 2006. On 14 June 2006, the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) was deployed aboard the NASA Langley B-200 aircraft for the first of a series of 86 underflights of the CALIPSO satellite to provide validation measurements for the CALIOP data products. To better assess the range of conditions under which CALIOP data products are produced, these validation flights were conducted under both daytime and nighttime lighting conditions, in multiple seasons, and over a large range of latitudes and aerosol and cloud conditions. This paper presents a quantitative assessment of the CALIOP 532 nm calibration (through the 532 nm total attenuated backscatter) using internally calibrated airborne HSRL underflight data and is the most extensive study of CALIOP 532 nm calibration. Results show that HSRL and CALIOP 532 nm total attenuated backscatter agree on average within 2.7% ± 2.1% (CALIOP lower) at night and within 2.9% ± 3.9% (CALIOP lower) during the day, demonstrating the accuracy of the CALIOP 532 nm calibration algorithms. Additionally, comparisons with HSRL show consistency of the CALIOP calibration before and after the laser switch in 2009 as well as improvements in the daytime version 3.01 calibration scheme compared with the version 2 calibration scheme. Potential biases and uncertainties in the methodology relevant to validating satellite lidar measurements with an airborne lidar system are discussed and found to be less than 4.5% ± 3.2% for this validation effort with HSRL. Results from this study are also compared with prior assessments of the CALIOP 532 nm attenuated backscatter calibration.

scholarly journals Assessment of the CALIPSO Lidar 532 nm attenuated backscatter calibration using the NASA LaRC Airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 28355-28398 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Rogers ◽  
C. A. Hostetler ◽  
J. W. Hair ◽  
R. A. Ferrare ◽  
Z. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Calibration Scheme ◽  
Data Products ◽  
Langley Research Center ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
532 Nm

Abstract. The Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) instrument on the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) spacecraft has provided global, high-resolution vertical profiles of aerosols and clouds since it became operational on 13 June 2006. On 14 June 2006, the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) was deployed aboard the NASA Langley B-200 aircraft for the first of a series of 86 underflights of the CALIPSO satellite to provide validation measurements for the CALIOP data products. To better assess the range of conditions under which CALIOP data products are produced, these validation flights were conducted under both daytime and nighttime lighting conditions, in multiple seasons, and over a large range of latitudes and aerosol and cloud conditions. This paper presents a quantitative assessment of the CALIOP 532 nm calibration (through the 532 nm total attenuated backscatter) using an internally calibrated airborne HSRL underflight data and is the most extensive study of CALIOP 532 nm calibration. Results show that average HSRL and CALIOP 532 nm total attenuated backscatter agree on average within 2.7±2.1% (CALIOP lower) at night and within 2.9±3.9% (CALIOP lower) during the day, demonstrating the accuracy of the CALIOP 532 nm calibration algorithms. Additionally, comparisons with HSRL show consistency of the CALIOP calibration before and after the laser switch in 2009 as well as improvements in the daytime version 3.01 calibration scheme compared with the version 2 calibration scheme. Potential systematic uncertainties in the methodology relevant to validating satellite lidar measurements with an airborne lidar system are discussed and found to be less than 3.7% for this validation effort with HSRL. Results from this study are also compared to prior assessments of the CALIOP 532 nm attenuated backscatter calibration.

scholarly journals Transport of aerosol to the Arctic: analysis of CALIOP and French aircraft data during the spring 2008 POLARCAT campaign

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 8235-8254 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ancellet ◽  
J. Pelon ◽  
Y. Blanchard ◽  
B. Quennehen ◽  
A. Bazureau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Transport Pathways ◽  
Airborne Measurements ◽  
Surface Measurements ◽  
Regional Analyses ◽  
532 Nm

Abstract. Lidar and in situ observations performed during the Polar Study using Aircraft, Remote Sensing, Surface Measurements and Models, Climate, Chemistry, Aerosols and Transport (POLARCAT) campaign are reported here in terms of statistics to characterize aerosol properties over northern Europe using daily airborne measurements conducted between Svalbard and Scandinavia from 30 March to 11 April 2008. It is shown that during this period a rather large number of aerosol layers was observed in the troposphere, with a backscatter ratio at 532 nm of 1.2 (1.5 below 2 km, 1.2 between 5 and 7 km and a minimum in between). Their sources were identified using multispectral backscatter and depolarization airborne lidar measurements after careful calibration analysis. Transport analysis and comparisons between in situ and airborne lidar observations are also provided to assess the quality of this identification. Comparison with level 1 backscatter observations of the spaceborne Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) were carried out to adjust CALIOP multispectral observations to airborne observations on a statistical basis. Recalibration for CALIOP daytime 1064 nm signals leads to a decrease of their values by about 30%, possibly related to the use of the version 3.0 calibration procedure. No recalibration is made at 532 nm even though 532 nm scattering ratios appear to be biased low (−8%) because there are also significant differences in air mass sampling between airborne and CALIOP observations. Recalibration of the 1064 nm signal or correction of −5% negative bias in the 532 nm signal both could improve the CALIOP aerosol colour ratio expected for this campaign. The first hypothesis was retained in this work. Regional analyses in the European Arctic performed as a test emphasize the potential of the CALIOP spaceborne lidar for further monitoring in-depth properties of the aerosol layers over Arctic using infrared and depolarization observations. The CALIOP April 2008 global distribution of the aerosol backscatter reveal two regions with large backscatter below 2 km: the northern Atlantic between Greenland and Norway, and northern Siberia. The aerosol colour ratio increases between the source regions and the observations at latitudes above 70° N are consistent with a growth of the aerosol size once transported to the Arctic. The distribution of the aerosol optical properties in the mid-troposphere supports the known main transport pathways between the mid-latitudes and the Arctic.

scholarly journals CALIPSO lidar calibration at 532 nm: version 4 daytime algorithm

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 6309-6326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Getzewich ◽  
Mark A. Vaughan ◽  
William H. Hunt ◽  
Melody A. Avery ◽  
Kathleen A. Powell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Calibration Transfer ◽  
Iterative Thresholding ◽  
Transfer Region ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
532 Nm ◽  
Calibration Coefficients

Abstract. The Cloud Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) mission released version 4.00 of their lidar level 1 data set in April of 2014, and subsequently updated this to version 4.10 in November of 2016. The primary difference in the newly released version 4 (V4) data is a suite of updated calibration coefficients calculated using substantially revised calibration algorithms. This paper describes the revisions to the V4 daytime calibration procedure for the 532 nm parallel channel. As in earlier releases, the V4 daytime calibration coefficients are derived by scaling the raw daytime signals to the calibrated nighttime signals acquired within a calibration transfer region, and thus the new V4 daytime calibration benefits from improvements made to the V4 532 nm nighttime calibration. The V4 calibration transfer region has been moved upward from the upper troposphere to the more stable lower stratosphere. The identification of clear-air columns by an iterative thresholding scheme, crucial to selecting the observation regions used for calibration, now uses uncalibrated 1064 nm data rather than recursively using the calibrated 532 nm data, as was done in version 3 (V3). A detailed account of the rationale and methodology for this new calibration approach is provided, along with results demonstrating the improvement of this calibration over the previous version. Extensive validation data acquired by NASA's airborne high spectral resolution lidar (HSRL) shows that during the daytime the average difference between collocated CALIPSO and HSRL measurements of 532 nm attenuated backscatter coefficients is reduced from 3.3 %±3.1 % in V3 to 1.0 %±3.5 % in V4.

scholarly journals CALIPSO Lidar Calibration at 532 nm: Version 4 Daytime Algorithm

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Getzewich ◽  
Mark A. Vaughan ◽  
William H. Hunt ◽  
Melody A. Avery ◽  
Kathleen A. Powell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Calibration Transfer ◽  
Iterative Thresholding ◽  
Transfer Region ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
532 Nm ◽  
Calibration Coefficients

Abstract. The Cloud Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) mission released version 4.00 of their lidar level 1 data set in April of 2014, and subsequently updated this to version 4.10 in November of 2016. The primary difference in the newly released version 4 (V4) data is a suite of updated calibration coefficients calculated using substantially revised calibration algorithms. This paper describes the revisions to the V4 daytime calibration procedure for the 532 nm parallel channel. As in earlier releases, the V4 daytime calibration coefficients 15 are derived by scaling the raw daytime signals to the calibrated nighttime signals acquired within a calibration transfer region, and thus the new V4 daytime calibration benefits from improvements made to the V4 532 nm nighttime calibration. The V4 calibration transfer region has been moved upward from the upper troposphere to the more stable lower stratosphere. The identification of clear-air columns by an iterative thresholding scheme, crucial to selecting the observation regions used for calibration, now uses uncalibrated 1064 nm data rather than recursively using the 20 calibrated 532 nm data as was done in version 3 (V3). A detailed account of the rationale and methodology for this new calibration approach is provided, along with results demonstrating the improvement of this calibration over the previous version. Extensive validation data acquired by NASA's airborne high spectral resolution lidar (HSRL) shows that during the daytime the average difference between collocated CALIPSO and HSRL measurements of 532 nm attenuated backscatter coefficients is reduced from 3.3 % ± 3.1 % in V3 to 1.0 % ± 3.5 % in V4.

scholarly journals CALIPSO Lidar Calibration at 1064 nm: Version 4 Algorithm

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Vaughan ◽  
Anne Garnier ◽  
Damien Josset ◽  
Melody Avery ◽  
Kam-Pui Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Model ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Radiometric Calibration ◽  
Calibration Target ◽  
Full Account ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
Lidar Calibration ◽  
532 Nm ◽  
Calibration Coefficients

Abstract. Radiometric calibration of space-based elastic backscatter lidars is accomplished by comparing the measured backscatter signals to theoretically expected signals computed for some well-characterized calibration target. For any given system and wavelength, the choice of calibration target is dictated by several considerations, including signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) and target availability. This paper describes the newly implemented procedures used to calibrate the 1064 nm measurements acquired by CALIOP (i.e., the Cloud Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization), the two-wavelength (532 nm and 1064 nm) elastic backscatter lidar currently flying on the Cloud Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) mission. CALIOP’s 532 nm channel is accurately calibrated by normalizing the molecular backscatter from the uppermost aerosol-free altitudes of the CALIOP measurement region to molecular model data obtained from NASA’s Global Modeling and Assimilation Office. However, because CALIOP’s SNR for molecular backscatter measurements is prohibitively lower at 1064 nm than at 532 nm, the direct high altitude molecular normalization method is not a viable option at 1064 nm. Instead, CALIOP’s 1064 nm channel is calibrated relative to the 532 nm channel using the backscatter from a carefully selected subset of cirrus cloud measurements. In this paper we deliver a full account of the revised 1064 nm calibration algorithms implemented for the version 4.1 (V4) release of the CALIPSO lidar data products, with particular emphases on the physical basis for the selection of calibration quality cirrus clouds and on the new averaging scheme required to characterize intra-orbit calibration variability. The V4 procedures introduce latitudinally varying changes in the 1064 nm calibration coefficients of 25 % or more relative to previous data releases and are shown to substantially improve the accuracy of the V4 1064 nm attenuated backscatter coefficients. By evaluating calibration coefficients derived using both water clouds and ocean surfaces as alternate calibration targets, and through comparisons to independent, collocated measurements made by airborne high spectral resolution lidar, we conclude that the CALIOP V4 1064 nm calibration coefficients are accurate to within 3 %.

scholarly journals Retrieval of cirrus cloud optical thickness and top altitude from geostationary remote sensing

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 4123-4161 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kox ◽  
L. Bugliaro ◽  
A. Ostler
Keyword(s):  
Optical Thickness ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Cirrus Cloud ◽  
Backpropagation Neural Network ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Infrared Imager ◽  
Cloud Optical Thickness ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
532 Nm

Abstract. A novel approach for the detection of cirrus clouds and the retrieval of optical thickness and top altitude based on the measurements of the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) aboard the geostationary Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellite is presented. Trained with 8 000 000 co-incident measurements of the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) aboard the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) mission the new "cirrus optical properties derived from CALIOP and SEVIRI algorithm during day and night" (COCS) algorithm utilizes a backpropagation neural network to provide accurate measurements of cirrus optical depth τ at λ =532 nm and top altitude z every 15 min covering almost one third of Earth's atmosphere. The retrieved values are validated with independent measurements of CALIOP and the optical thickness derived by an airborne high spectral resolution lidar.

scholarly journals Aerosol classification using airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar measurements – methodology and examples

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Burton ◽  
R. A. Ferrare ◽  
C. A. Hostetler ◽  
J. W. Hair ◽  
R. R. Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Color Ratio ◽  
Lidar Measurements ◽  
Aerosol Classification ◽  
Langley Research Center ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
Aerosol Types ◽  
532 Nm ◽  
Aerosol Type

Abstract. The NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) on the NASA B200 aircraft has acquired extensive datasets of aerosol extinction (532 nm), aerosol optical depth (AOD) (532 nm), backscatter (532 and 1064 nm), and depolarization (532 and 1064 nm) profiles during 18 field missions that have been conducted over North America since 2006. The lidar measurements of aerosol intensive parameters (lidar ratio, depolarization, backscatter color ratio, and spectral depolarization ratio) are shown to vary with location and aerosol type. A methodology based on observations of known aerosol types is used to qualitatively classify the extensive set of HSRL aerosol measurements into eight separate types. Several examples are presented showing how the aerosol intensive parameters vary with aerosol type and how these aerosols are classified according to this new methodology. The HSRL-based classification reveals vertical variability of aerosol types during the NASA ARCTAS field experiment conducted over Alaska and northwest Canada during 2008. In two examples derived from flights conducted during ARCTAS, the HSRL classification of biomass burning smoke is shown to be consistent with aerosol types derived from coincident airborne in situ measurements of particle size and composition. The HSRL retrievals of AOD and inferences of aerosol types are used to apportion AOD to aerosol type; results of this analysis are shown for several experiments.

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