scholarly journals Review of The ratio of methanogens to methanotrophs and water-level dynamics drive methane exchange velocity in a temperate kettle-hole peat bog

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anonymous
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Kettle Hole

scholarly journals The ratio of methanogens to methanotrophs and water-level dynamics drive methane transfer velocity in a temperate kettle-hole peat bog

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 3207-3231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo Rey-Sanchez ◽  
Gil Bohrer ◽  
Julie Slater ◽  
Yueh-Fen Li ◽  
Roger Grau-Andrés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Transfer Velocity ◽  
Ch4 Flux ◽  
Kettle Hole ◽  
Vegetation Zones

Abstract. Peatlands are a large source of methane (CH4) to the atmosphere, yet the uncertainty around the estimates of CH4 flux from peatlands is large. To better understand the spatial heterogeneity in temperate peatland CH4 emissions and their response to physical and biological drivers, we studied CH4 dynamics throughout the growing seasons of 2017 and 2018 in Flatiron Lake Bog, a kettle-hole peat bog in Ohio. The site is composed of six different hydro-biological zones: an open water zone, four concentric vegetation zones surrounding the open water, and a restored zone connected to the main bog by a narrow channel. At each of these locations, we monitored water level (WL), CH4 pore-water concentration at different peat depths, CH4 fluxes from the ground and from representative plant species using chambers, and microbial community composition with a focus here on known methanogens and methanotrophs. Integrated CH4 emissions for the growing season were estimated as 315.4±166 mgCH4m-2d-1 in 2017 and 362.3±687 mgCH4m-2d-1 in 2018. Median CH4 emission was highest in the open water, then it decreased and became more variable through the concentric vegetation zones as the WL dropped, with extreme emission hotspots observed in the tamarack mixed woodlands (Tamarack) and low emissions in the restored zone (18.8–30.3 mgCH4m-2d-1). Generally, CH4 flux from above-ground vegetation was negligible compared to ground flux (<0.4 %), although blueberry plants were a small CH4 sink. Pore-water CH4 concentrations varied significantly among zones, with the highest values in the Tamarack zone, close to saturation, and the lowest values in the restored zone. While the CH4 fluxes and pore-water concentrations were not correlated with methanogen relative abundance, the ratio of methanogens to methanotrophs in the upper portion of the peat was significantly correlated to CH4 transfer velocity (the CH4 flux divided by the difference in CH4 pore-water concentration between the top of the peat profile and the concentration in equilibrium with the atmosphere). Since ebullition and plant-mediated transport were not important sources of CH4 and the peat structure and porosity were similar across the different zones in the bog, we conclude that the differences in CH4 transfer velocities, and thus the flux, are driven by the ratio of methanogen to methanotroph relative abundance close to the surface. This study illustrates the importance of the interactions between water-level and microbial composition to better understand CH4 fluxes from bogs and wetlands in general.

scholarly journals The ratio of methanogens to methanotrophs and water-level dynamics drive methane exchange velocity in a temperate kettle-hole peat bog

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo Rey-Sanchez ◽  
Gil Bohrer ◽  
Julie Slater ◽  
Yueh-Fen Li ◽  
Roger Grau-Andrés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Ch4 Flux ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Kettle Hole ◽  
Vegetation Zones

Abstract. Peatlands are a large source of methane (CH4) to the atmosphere, yet the uncertainty around the estimates of CH4 flux from peatlands is large. To better understand the spatial heterogeneity in temperate peatland CH4 emissions and their response to physical and biological drivers, we studied CH4 dynamics throughout the growing seasons of 2017 and 2018 in Flatiron Lake Bog, a kettle-hole peat bog in Ohio. The site is composed of six different hydro-biological zones: an open water zone, four concentric vegetation zones surrounding the open water, and a restored zone connected to the main bog by a narrow channel. At each of these locations, we monitored water level (WL), CH4 pore-water concentration at different peat depths, CH4 fluxes from the ground and from representative plant species using chambers, and microbial community composition with focus here on known methanogens and methanotrophs. Integrated CH4 emissions for the growing season were estimated as 315.4 ± 166 mg CH4 m−2 d−1 in 2017, and 362.3 ± 687 mg CH4 m−2 d−1 in 2018. Median CH4 emission was highest in the open water, then decreased and became more variable through the concentric vegetation zones as the WL dropped, with extreme emission hotspots observed in the Tamarack mixed woodlands (TMW), and low emissions in the restored zone (18.8–30.3 mg CH4 m−2 d−1). Generally, CH4 flux from above-ground vegetation was negligible compared to ground flux (

Chronology of a Kettle-Hole Peat Bog, Cherryfield, Maine

1972 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 827 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID M. MICKELSON ◽  
HAROLD W. BORNS
Keyword(s):  
Peat Bog ◽  
Kettle Hole

scholarly journals Effects of environmental and anthropogenic determinants on changes in groundwater levels in selected peat bogs of Slowinski National Park, northern Poland

Geologos ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Chlost ◽  
Roman Cieśliński
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
National Park ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Peat Formation

Abstract The present study focuses on two Baltic-type peat bogs in Slowinski National Park, namely that at Żarnowskie and at Kluki, located in the Lake Łebsko catchment and both characterised by a centrally located dome with a very marshy fringe area featuring an emerging marshy coniferous forest (Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetum). The Żarnowskie bog is under active protection. A total of 24 flow barriers were installed in drainage ditches during the years 2006 and 2007. The purpose of these barriers was to put a halt to water outflow. In addition, 30 hectares of young pine forest were cleared in order to decrease loss of water via evapotranspiration. Kluki peat bog is only partially protected by Polish law. The lack of efforts to prevent outflow via the canal is due to the fact that the canal is utilised to drain meadows in the vicinity of the village of Łokciowe outside of the national park. Peat formation no longer occurs in this peat bog. The hydrological condition of the bog is catastrophic as a result of its main canal, referred to as Canal C9, which is 2.5 to 3.0 m deep and 10 m wide in places. Both peat bogs are monitored for fluctuations in groundwater. Research has shown that changes in water levels fluctuate based on season of the year and geographical location, which is illustrated quite well using the two studied peat bogs. The water retention rate of the Żarnowskie peat bog may be considered fairly high and is likely to improve due to protective measures enabled by Polish environmental laws. The water retention rate of the bog is consistently improving thanks to these measures, fluctuations in water level are small and the water level does not drop under 0.5 m below ground level even under extreme hydrometeorological conditions. This yields optimum conditions for renewed peat formation in this area. One potential threat is the Krakulice peat extraction facility, which is located in the southern part of the bog close to the boundary with the national park.

scholarly journals Changes in the vegetation of "Wrzosiec" mire in 1991-2009 (Western Pomerania)

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Popiela ◽  
Ewa Fudali ◽  
Andrzej Łysko
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Slow Process ◽  
Molinia Caerulea ◽  
The North ◽  
Carex Lasiocarpa ◽  
Forest Lake ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Eastern Part

Changes in the vegetation of "Wrzosiec" mire in 1991-2009 (Western Pomerania)Changes in the vegetation of a mire developing in forest lake hinterland in 1991-2009 are analysed and documented three times by phytosociological method. Within peat bog "islands", situated in the southern part of the lake, the most visible change is the development of a sparse pine-stand and thick shrubs ofSalixspecies,Frangula alnusas well as increase in the participation ofMolinia caeruleaand some species ofScheuzerio-Cariceteaclass (Calamagrostis neglecta, Carex lasiocarpaandSphagnum fallax). Vegetation of the lag zone shows fluctuating changes in the composition of plant communities depending on the water level that periodically changes. In the north-eastern part of the lake, a consistent slow process of terrestrialization was recognised.

SIMULATION OF ELECTRICAL MONITORING OF DAMS WITH LEAKAGE WITH A TRANSVERSE PLACEMENT OF THE MEASURING INSTALLATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-82
Author(s):  
D.S. Rakisheva ◽  
◽  
B.G. Mukanova ◽  
I.N. Modin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Measuring Installation ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
Tomography Method ◽  
Dam Monitoring ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Measurement Line

Numerical modeling of the problem of dam monitoring by the Electrical Resistivity Tomography method is carried out. The mathematical model is based on integral equations with a partial Fourier transform with respect to one spatial variable. It is assumed that the measurement line is located across the dam longitude. To approximate the shape of the dam surface, the Radial Basic Functions method is applied. The influence of locations of the water-dam, dam-basement, basement-leakage boundaries with respect to the sounding installation, which is partially placed under the headwater, is studied. Numerical modeling is carried out for the following varied parameters: 1) water level at the headwater; 2) the height of the leak; 3) the depth of the leak; 4) position of the supply electrode; 5) water level and leaks positions are changing simultaneously. Modeling results are presented in the form of apparent resistivity curves, as it is customary in geophysical practice.

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