scholarly journals Effects of environmental and anthropogenic determinants on changes in groundwater levels in selected peat bogs of Slowinski National Park, northern Poland

Geologos ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Chlost ◽  
Roman Cieśliński
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
National Park ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Peat Formation

Abstract The present study focuses on two Baltic-type peat bogs in Slowinski National Park, namely that at Żarnowskie and at Kluki, located in the Lake Łebsko catchment and both characterised by a centrally located dome with a very marshy fringe area featuring an emerging marshy coniferous forest (Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetum). The Żarnowskie bog is under active protection. A total of 24 flow barriers were installed in drainage ditches during the years 2006 and 2007. The purpose of these barriers was to put a halt to water outflow. In addition, 30 hectares of young pine forest were cleared in order to decrease loss of water via evapotranspiration. Kluki peat bog is only partially protected by Polish law. The lack of efforts to prevent outflow via the canal is due to the fact that the canal is utilised to drain meadows in the vicinity of the village of Łokciowe outside of the national park. Peat formation no longer occurs in this peat bog. The hydrological condition of the bog is catastrophic as a result of its main canal, referred to as Canal C9, which is 2.5 to 3.0 m deep and 10 m wide in places. Both peat bogs are monitored for fluctuations in groundwater. Research has shown that changes in water levels fluctuate based on season of the year and geographical location, which is illustrated quite well using the two studied peat bogs. The water retention rate of the Żarnowskie peat bog may be considered fairly high and is likely to improve due to protective measures enabled by Polish environmental laws. The water retention rate of the bog is consistently improving thanks to these measures, fluctuations in water level are small and the water level does not drop under 0.5 m below ground level even under extreme hydrometeorological conditions. This yields optimum conditions for renewed peat formation in this area. One potential threat is the Krakulice peat extraction facility, which is located in the southern part of the bog close to the boundary with the national park.

scholarly journals Genetic Structure of Isolated Vaccinium oxycoccus Populations in Lithuania

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Judita Žukauskienė ◽  
Algimantas Paulauskas ◽  
Laima Česonienė ◽  
Remigijus Daubaras
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
National Park ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Unique Haplotype ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
Information Index

Genetic Structure of Isolated Vaccinium oxycoccus Populations in Lithuania The genetic population structure of the wild Cranberry Vaccinium oxycoccus was studied using RAPDs (random amplified polymorphic DNA). During the last century, intensive peat bogs drainage, regulation of water levels, and intensive cranberry picking has caused a risk for survival of wild cranberry Vaccinium oxycoccus populations in Lithuania. Genetic variation among and within isolated V. oxycoccus populations was investigated with RAPD profiles. Fifty-six clones were sampled in four populations at the Čepkeliai, Žuvintas, Kamanos Reserves and Aukštaitijos National Park. RAPD analyses of nine primers showed 213 polymorphic loci in the samples. The polymorphism level in the Čepkeliai rezerve population was 56.34%, in Žuvintas 49.77%, in Kamanos 46.95% and in Aukštatija 43.19%. Polymorphism among populations was 100%. For the total sample group, Shannon's Information Index was 0.2 and Nei's gene diversity 0.12. The estimated total proportion of diversity among populations (GST) and gene flow (Nm) were 0.14 and 3.1, respectively. The UPGMA analyses have revealed that populations of V. oxycoccus are clearly separated into four lineages and only one Čepkeliai lineage had a homogenous haplotype. Others Žuvintas, Kamanos and Aukštatijos lineages differed from each other. One clone sampled from Aukštatija National Park (a8) had a unique haplotype.

Status of climate and water resources at Saguaro National Park: Water year 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara Raymond ◽  
Laura Palacios ◽  
Cheryl McIntyre ◽  
Evan Gwilliam
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Level ◽  
National Park ◽  
Natural Disturbance ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Learning Center ◽  
Mountain Station ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Desert Research

Climate and hydrology are major drivers of ecosystems. They dramatically shape ecosystem structure and function, particularly in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. Understanding changes in climate, groundwater, and water quality and quantity is central to assessing the condition of park biota and key cultural resources. The Sonoran Desert Network collects data on climate, groundwater, and surface water at 11 National Park Service units in south-ern Arizona and New Mexico. This report provides an integrated look at climate, groundwater, and springs conditions at Saguaro National Park (NP) during water year 2019 (October 2018–September 2019). Annual rainfall in the Rincon Mountain District was 27.36" (69.49 cm) at the Mica Mountain RAWS station and 12.89" (32.74 cm) at the Desert Research Learning Center Davis station. February was the wettest month, accounting for nearly one-quarter of the annual rainfall at both stations. Each station recorded extreme precipitation events (>1") on three days. Mean monthly maximum and minimum air temperatures were 25.6°F (-3.6°C) and 78.1°F (25.6°C), respectively, at the Mica Mountain station, and 37.7°F (3.2°C) and 102.3°F (39.1°C), respectively, at the Desert Research Learning Center station. Overall temperatures in WY2019 were cooler than the mean for the entire record. The reconnaissance drought index for the Mica Mountain station indicated wetter conditions than average in WY2019. Both of the park’s NOAA COOP stations (one in each district) had large data gaps, partially due to the 35-day federal government shutdown in December and January. For this reason, climate conditions for the Tucson Mountain District are not reported. The mean groundwater level at well WSW-1 in WY2019 was higher than the mean for WY2018. The water level has generally been increasing since 2005, reflecting the continued aquifer recovery since the Central Avra Valley Storage and Recovery Project came online, recharging Central Arizona Project water. Water levels at the Red Hills well generally de-clined starting in fall WY2019, continuing through spring. Monsoon storms led to rapid water level increases. Peak water level occurred on September 18. The Madrona Pack Base well water level in WY2019 remained above 10 feet (3.05 m) below measuring point (bmp) in the fall and winter, followed by a steep decline starting in May and continuing until the end of September, when the water level rebounded following a three-day rain event. The high-est water level was recorded on February 15. Median water levels in the wells in the middle reach of Rincon Creek in WY2019 were higher than the medians for WY2018 (+0.18–0.68 ft/0.05–0.21 m), but still generally lower than 6.6 feet (2 m) bgs, the mean depth-to-water required to sustain juvenile cottonwood and willow trees. RC-7 was dry in June–September, and RC-4 was dry in only September. RC-5, RC-6 and Well 633106 did not go dry, and varied approximately 3–4 feet (1 m). Eleven springs were monitored in the Rincon Mountain District in WY2019. Most springs had relatively few indications of anthropogenic or natural disturbance. Anthropogenic disturbance included spring boxes or other modifications to flow. Examples of natural disturbance included game trails and scat. In addition, several sites exhibited slight disturbance from fires (e.g., burned woody debris and adjacent fire-scarred trees) and evidence of high-flow events. Crews observed 1–7 taxa of facultative/obligate wetland plants and 0–3 invasive non-native species at each spring. Across the springs, crews observed four non-native plant species: rose natal grass (Melinis repens), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), crimson fountaingrass (Cenchrus setaceus), and red brome (Bromus rubens). Baseline data on water quality and chemistry were collected at all springs. It is likely that that all springs had surface water for at least some part of WY2019. However, temperature sensors to estimate surface water persistence failed...

scholarly journals Leptospermum repo (Myrtaceae), a new species from northern Aotearoa / New Zealand peat bog habitats, segregated from Leptospermum scoparium s. l.

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-265
Author(s):  
Peter J. de Lange ◽  
◽  
Luzie M.H. Schmid ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Northern Portion ◽  
Austropuccinia Psidii

Leptospermum repo de Lange & L.M.H.Schmid sp. nov. (Myrtaceae) is segregated from L. scoparium J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. (sensu lato). The new species is endemic to the peat bogs of the Waikato, Bay of Plenty, and adjacent eastern ranges of the northern portion of Te Ika a Maui / North Island, Aotearoa / New Zealand. The new species belongs to the northern Te Ika a Maui / North Island clade of L. scoparium s. l., from whose other members it is morphologically distinguished by its gracile, spindly, open-branched growth habit; widely divergent, longer, linear, linear-lanceolate (rarely filiform), shortly cuspidate leaves; flowers with white petals, stamens mostly with white filaments (very rarely tinged pink near base), and by the style and stigma which are usually green (very rarely pink). Leptospermum repo now occupies ca. 10% of its former peat bog habitat, where aside from a few protected peat bogs the species is still in decline through loss of its habitat. A more recent potential threat to L. repo is myrtle rust disease, caused by Austropuccinia psidii, an exotic rust first detected in Aotearoa / New Zealand in May 2017. This rust poses a serious threat to the Myrtaceae of Aotearoa / New Zealand, for which there is at present no known effective treatment to prevent the death of infected hosts. Therefore, due to the historic loss of habitat, a threat which is still ongoing, causing the decline of many L. repo populations; and the potential threat of Austropuccinia psidii to this species, the listing proposed for the species (as Leptospermum aff. scoparium (c) (AK191319; "Waikato peat bog") by the New Zealand Indigenous Vascular Plant Threat Listing Panel of "Threatened / Nationally Critical DP, De" is here upheld.

scholarly journals Water level fluctuations in selected Wielkopolski National Park lakes in 2012 against changes noted in 2007-2008

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-153
Author(s):  
Michał Lorenc ◽  
Renata Dondajewska ◽  
Lech Kaczmarek
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
National Park ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
New Information ◽  
Wielkopolski National Park ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Water Stage

AbstractThe results presented in this paper of water level fluctuations in selected lakes of Wielkopolski National Park have a preliminary character, contributing new information to the knowledge on this area. Five lakes situated in three distinct tunnel valleys were selected for research: Jarosławieckie, Góreckie, Budzyńskie, Witobelskie and Łódzko-Dymaczewskie. The water level was measured from December 2006 till January 2008 and from January till December of 2012 with ca. monthly frequency. An increase in the water stage was noted in the autumn-winter period, which was rather unusual. The comparison of years 2007 and 2012 indicated higher water levels in the latter. The amplitude of the water level was higher in flow-through lakes due to the reaction to precipitation in early spring as well as different catchment features. Specific water level fluctuations in Lake Góreckie are probably related to the influence of groundwater of the Wielkopolska fossil valley.

AUTOMATIC WATER LEVEL MONITORING WITH IOT AND LPWAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Krum Videnov ◽  
Vanya Stoykova
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Level Monitoring ◽  
Water Level Monitoring

Monitoring water levels of lakes, streams, rivers and other water basins is of essential importance and is a popular measurement for a number of different industries and organisations. Remote water level monitoring helps to provide an early warning feature by sending advance alerts when the water level is increased (reaches a certain threshold). The purpose of this report is to present an affordable solution for measuring water levels in water sources using IoT and LPWAN. The assembled system enables recording of water level fluctuations in real time and storing the collected data on a remote database through LoRaWAN for further processing and analysis.

Interaction between water pressure in the basal drainage system and discharge from an Alpine glacier before and during a rainfall-induced subglacial hydrological event

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 288-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Barrett ◽  
David N. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Drainage Network ◽  
Alpine Glacier ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
Progressive Growth ◽  
Resultant Increase

Combined measurements of meltwater discharge from the portal and of water level in a borehole drilled to the bed of Findelengletscher, Switzerland, were obtained during the later part of the 1993 ablation season. A severe storm, lasting from 22 through 24 September, produced at least 130 mm of precipitation over the glacier, largely as rain. The combined hydrological records indicate periods during which the basal drainage system became constricted and water storage in the glacier increased, as well as phases of channel growth. During the storm, water pressure generally increased as water backed up in the drainage network. Abrupt, temporary falls in borehole water level were accompanied by pulses in portal discharge. On 24 September, whilst borehole water level continued to rise, water started to escape under pressure with a resultant increase in discharge. As the drainage network expanded, a large amount of debris was flushed from a wide area of the bed. Progressive growth in channel capacity as discharge increased enabled stored water to drain and borehole water level to fall rapidly. Possible relationships between observed borehole water levels and water pressures in subglacial channels are influenced by hydraulic conditions at the base of the hole, distance between the hole and a channel, and the nature of the substrate.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of water level impact to back-barrier bays

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo L. Aretxabaleta ◽  
Neil K. Ganju ◽  
Zafer Defne ◽  
Richard P. Signell
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Barnegat Bay ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuations ◽  
Flooding Hazard ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Inlet Geometry ◽  
Spatial Estimates

Abstract. Water level in semi-enclosed bays, landward of barrier islands, is mainly driven by offshore sea level fluctuations that are modulated by bay geometry and bathymetry, causing spatial variability in the ensuing response (transfer). Local wind setup can have a secondary role that depends on wind speed, fetch, and relative orientation of the wind direction and the bay. Inlet geometry and bathymetry primarily regulate the magnitude of the transfer between open ocean and bay. Tides and short-period offshore oscillations are more damped in the bays than longer-lasting offshore fluctuations, such as storm surge and sea level rise. We compare observed and modeled water levels at stations in a mid-Atlantic bay (Barnegat Bay) with offshore water level proxies. Observed water levels in Barnegat Bay are compared and combined with model results from the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere–Wave–Sediment Transport (COAWST) modeling system to evaluate the spatial structure of the water level transfer. Analytical models based on the dimensional characteristics of the bay are used to combine the observed data and the numerical model results in a physically consistent approach. Model water level transfers match observed values at locations inside the Bay in the storm frequency band (transfers ranging from 70–100 %) and tidal frequencies (10–55 %). The contribution of frequency-dependent local setup caused by wind acting along the bay is also considered. The approach provides transfer estimates for locations inside the Bay where observations were not available resulting in a complete spatial characterization. The approach allows for the study of the Bay response to alternative forcing scenarios (landscape changes, future storms, and rising sea level). Detailed spatial estimates of water level transfer can inform decisions on inlet management and contribute to the assessment of current and future flooding hazard in back-barrier bays and along mainland shorelines.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document