What is respiration - response to glucose addition, presence of plant roots and differences across biomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Dijkstra ◽  
Peter F. Chuckran ◽  
Bruce A. Hungate ◽  
Egbert Schwartz ◽  
Tijana Glavina del Rio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ecology ◽  
Organic Matter Production ◽  
Glucose Addition ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Genomic Tools ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
Soil Activity ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
Measured Process

<p>Respiration is likely the most often measured process in soil ecology. It is used as a general measurement of soil activity, and physiologically related to microbial maintenance requirements, growth, and soil organic matter production via biochemical efficiency and CUE.</p><p>Genomic tools are increasingly used in soil ecology for measurement of community composition, and functional analysis of communities, and when combined with stable isotopes, can be used to infer activities, either of the whole community or of individual taxa. However, relating genomic or gene-expressed functions to whole ecosystem processes, such as respiration, remains a conceptual and practical problem.</p><p>We analyzed the biochemical processes related to respiration and determine how, during a short soil incubation experiment in the presence of glucose, these processes change. Furthermore, we will show how gene and transcript abundances of respiratory processes vary across more than 4000 soil and rhizosphere samples in forests and grasslands and other biomes.  </p><p>Results illustrate the treasure trove of biochemical information available to us in the form of metagenomes and metatranscriptomes.</p>

scholarly journals Geographical variability of bacterial communities of cryoconite holes of Andean glaciers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Pittino ◽  
Michael Seeger ◽  
Roberto Azzoni ◽  
Roberto Ambrosini ◽  
Andrea Franzetti
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
Organic Matter Production ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
O2 Concentration ◽  
The World ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Andean Glaciers

AbstractCryoconite holes, ponds full of melting water with a sediment on the bottom, are hotspot of biodiversity of glacier surface. They host a metabolically active bacterial community that is involved in different dynamics concerning glacier ecosystems. Indeed, they are responsible of organic matter production and with other microorganisms establish a real microecosystem. Cryoconite holes have been described in different areas of the world (e.g., Arctic, Antarctic, Alps, Himalaya), and with this study we will provide the first description of bacterial communities of cryoconite holes of the Andes in South America. We collected samples on three high elevation glaciers of the Andes (Iver, Iver East and Morado glaciers) and two Patagonian glaciers located at sea level (Exploradores glacier and Perito Moreno). Results show that the most abundant orders are Burkholderiales, Cytophagales, Sphingobacteriales, Actinomycetales, Pseudomonadales, Rhodospiarillales, Rhizobiales, Sphingomonadales and Bacteroidales, which have been reported on glaciers of other areas of the world, Bacterial communities change from one glacier to another and both water pH and O2 concentration affect bacterial communities composition.

scholarly journals Dark Fixation of CO2 in the Lake with Special Reference to Organic Matter Production

1970 ◽  
Vol 83 (990) ◽  
pp. 397-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki TAKAHASHI ◽  
Yukuya YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Shun-ei ICHIMURA
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Organic Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Dark Fixation

Effect of light on particulate and dissolved organic matter production of native and exotic macrophyte species in Patagonia

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 766 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florencia Cuassolo ◽  
Marcela Bastidas Navarro ◽  
Esteban Balseiro ◽  
Beatriz Modenutti
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Macrophyte Species ◽  
Effect Of Light

scholarly journals Nonsinking Organic Matter Production in the California Current

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1386-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Stephens ◽  
M. Porrachia ◽  
S. Dovel ◽  
M. Roadman ◽  
R. Goericke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
California Current ◽  
Organic Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production

scholarly journals Form III RubisCO-mediated transaldolase variant of the Calvin cycle in a chemolithoautotrophic bacterium

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (37) ◽  
pp. 18638-18646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenii N. Frolov ◽  
Ilya V. Kublanov ◽  
Stepan V. Toshchakov ◽  
Evgenii A. Lunev ◽  
Nikolay V. Pimenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Calvin Cycle ◽  
Ribulose Bisphosphate Carboxylase ◽  
Bisphosphate Carboxylase ◽  
Organic Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Ribulose Bisphosphate Carboxylase Oxygenase ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Nucleoside Metabolism

The Calvin–Benson–Bassham (CBB) cycle assimilates CO2for the primary production of organic matter in all plants and algae, as well as in some autotrophic bacteria. The key enzyme of the CBB cycle, ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO), is a main determinant of de novo organic matter production on Earth. Of the three carboxylating forms of RubisCO, forms I and II participate in autotrophy, and form III so far has been associated only with nucleotide and nucleoside metabolism. Here, we report that form III RubisCO functions in the CBB cycle in the thermophilic chemolithoautotrophic bacteriumThermodesulfobium acidiphilum,a phylum-level lineage representative. We further show that autotrophic CO2fixation inT. acidiphilumis accomplished via the transaldolase variant of the CBB cycle, which has not been previously demonstrated experimentally and has been considered unlikely to occur. Thus, this work reveals a distinct form of the key pathway of CO2fixation.

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