Chlorophyll and phytoplankton spatial distribution in the Arabian/Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Polikarpov ◽  
Maria Saburova ◽  
Faiza Al-Yamani
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Phytoplankton Abundance ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Sea Of Oman

<p>Spatial distribution of the chlorophyll-<em>a</em> and phytoplankton community composition related to different water masses were studied during regional cruise in February-March 2006 across the Arabian/Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman, the marginal seas of the Western Indian Ocean.</p><p>Chlorophyll-<em>a</em> concentrations were measured using <em>in vitro</em> method with fluorescence detection and also were assessed as <em>in vivo</em> fluorescence measured by submersible fluorometer. Nearly four hundred species of phytoplankton were enumerated and identified using microscopy in the samples collected at the same stations.</p><p>High phytoplankton abundance was associated with diatom-dominated phytoplankton blooms in the central and northwestern part of the Gulf, in the Strait of Hormuz and in the Sea of Oman. The average concentration of <em>in vitro</em> measured surface chlorophyll-<em>a</em> in the studied area was 2.5 mg/m<sup>3</sup>, with the maximum over 9 mg/m<sup>3</sup>. The relationships between the concentrations of satellite remotely sensed chlorophyll and <em>in vitro</em> measured chlorophyll-<em>a</em> were found to be mostly in good agreement. The highest concentrations of the surface chlorophyll (> 4 mg/m<sup>3</sup>) were observed in the areas where diatom-dominated blooms were identified. It was revealed a significant relationship between the phytoplankton composition and water masses indexed by salinity.</p><p>The main significance of this study is in the first data set of <em>in vitro</em> measured precise chlorophyll-<em>a</em> concentrations that were obtained along with phytoplankton abundance and taxonomic diversity from the entire region of the Arabian/Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman. This data set can be used for remote sensing measurements validation and as a baseline for future studies of the biological productivity changes in the Western Indian Ocean.</p>

Decapod crustaceans of the littoral and shallow sublittoral Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf: Faunistics, Biodiversity and Zoogeography

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3374 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
REZA NADERLOO ◽  
MICHAEL TÜRKAY
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Small Degree ◽  
Iranian Coast ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Portunus Segnis ◽  
Pacific Species ◽  
Diverse Habitat

A total of 150 species belonging to five infraorders (Caridea, Stenopodidea, Thalassinidea, Anomura and Brachyura) are recorded from the Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf. About 17% (26 species) are new records for the area. The infraorder Brachyura shows the highest species richness with 83 species. The Anomura and Caridea, with 29 and 27 species, respectively, follow. The Thalassinidea is represented by 10 species, whereas Stenopodidea only by one. The species with the highest occurence are ranked as follows: Nanosesarma sarii Naderloo & Türkay, 2009 (Brachyura), Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1850 (Caridea), Metopograpsus messor (Forskål, 1775) (Brachyura), Coenobita scaevola (Forskål, 1775) (Anomura), Diogenes avarus Heller, 1865 (Anomura), Pilumnopeus convexus Maccagno, 1936 (Brachyura) and Portunus segnis (Forskål, 1775) (Brachyura). Among the surveyed habitats, mixed rocky/cobble show the highest diversity with 99 (66%) recorded species, followed by sedimentary muddy-sandy substrates and mangroves with 40 (26%) and 24 species (16%), respectively. The least diverse habitat is sandy beaches with 6 species. The decapod fauna shows a predominance of wide ranging Indo-West Pacific species (43%) and a small degree of endemism (5%). A considerable number of species is restricted to the northwestern Indian Ocean (27%), supporting the presence of a zoogeographical subregion within the western Indian Ocean Province.

Hydrology of the Indian Ocean. III. Water masses of the upper 500 metres of the South-east Indian Ocean

1964 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Rochford
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Core Layer ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Surface Currents ◽  
North West ◽  
East Indian

The following seven water masses have been identified, and their distribution traced during several seasons of the year: Red Sea mass, with the same distribution and properties in 1962 as the north-west Indian Intermediate described in 1959-60; Persian Gulf mass, which is confined to the region south of Indonesia and is limited in extent of easterly flow by the opposing flow of Banda Intermediate water; upper salinity minimum mass, entering via Lombok Strait and moving zonally in the direction of the prevailing surface currents, a secondary movement of this water mass towards north-west Australia is limited by the northern boundary of a south-east Indian high salinity water mass. This latter water mass occurs as three separate core layers north of 22-23� S. The deep core layer mixes with waters of the oxygen maximum below it, the mid-depth core layer mixes with Persian Gulf and upper salinity minimum water masses, and the upper core layer mixes with the Arabian Sea water mass. The latter water mass spreads eastwards to about 120� E. and southwards to north-west Australia, in conformity with surface currents. A sixth water mass enters with the counter-current and is found as a salinity maximum within the thermocline to about 20� S. A seventh water mass characterized by a salinity maximum around temperatures of 28-29�C has a limited distribution and an unknown origin. Both of these water masses move in the direction of surface currents.

scholarly journals Properties of cores of the water masses in the Okhotsk Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-218
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Luchin ◽  
Andrey A. Kruts
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Okhotsk Sea ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Water Properties ◽  
Oceanographic Data

Spatial distribution of depth and water properties (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen content) are considered in detail for cores of the Okhotsk Sea water masses: subsurface, intermediate, and deep, on the base of the most comprehensive oceanographic data set.

scholarly journals DETECTION OF RED SEA AND PERSIAN GULF WATERS IN THE NORTHWESTERN PART OF THE INDIAN OCEAN BY ARGO FLOATS DATA

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-62
Author(s):  
K. V. Lebedev ◽  
B. N. Filyushkin ◽  
N. G. Kozhelupova
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Original Result ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Somali Current ◽  
The Persian Gulf

Peculiarities of the spatial distribution of the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf waters in the northwestern part of the Indian Ocean have been investigated based on the Argo float measurement database. 27128 profiles of temperature and salinity were taken into account. To process these data, we used the Argo Model for Investigation of the Global Ocean (AMIGO). This technique allowed us for the first time to obtain a complete set of oceanographic characteristics up to a depth of 2000 m for different time intervals of averaging (month, season, years). Joint analysis of the variability of hydrological characteristics within the depths of 0-500 m during the summer monsoon clearly showed the influence of the Somali Current on the dynamics of the waters of this region: the formation of the largest anticyclone (Great Whirl), coastal upwelling zones, redistribution of water masses in the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea. The main influence on the formation of the temperature and salinity fields is exerted by the Persian Gulf waters. The same analysis of the variability of fields within the depths of 600-1000 m showed the role of the outflow of the Red Sea waters from the Gulf of Aden in the formation of deep waters in this area during the year. And, finally, at depths of 1000-1500 m, a deep anticyclonic eddy is formed, the southern branch of which, moving westward, at 7˚N. reaches Africa and turns to the south with a narrow stream of Red Sea waters, and then, crossing the equator, reaches 15˚S. An original result was obtained for determining the temporal characteristics of the Somali Current: the time of its formation, the values of transports and life expectancy (according to model estimates of the estimated data for 7 years (1960–1996).

scholarly journals Mesoscale variability in the Arabian Sea from HYCOM model results and observations: impact on the Persian Gulf Water path

Ocean Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L'Hégaret ◽  
R. Duarte ◽  
X. Carton ◽  
C. Vic ◽  
D. Ciani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Arabian Sea ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Mesoscale Eddies ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Persian Gulf Water ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Sea Of Oman

Abstract. The Arabian Sea and Sea of Oman circulation and water masses, subject to monsoon forcing, reveal a strong seasonal variability and intense mesoscale features. We describe and analyze this variability and these features, using both meteorological data (from ECMWF reanalyses), in situ observations (from the ARGO float program and the GDEM – Generalized Digital Environmental mode – climatology), satellite altimetry (from AVISO) and a regional simulation with a primitive equation model (HYCOM – the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model). The model and observations display comparable variability, and the model is then used to analyze the three-dimensional structure of eddies and water masses with higher temporal and spatial resolutions than the available observations. The mesoscale features are highly seasonal, with the formation of coastal currents, destabilizing into eddies, or the radiation of Rossby waves from the Indian coast. The mesoscale eddies have a deep dynamical influence and strongly drive the water masses at depth. In particular, in the Sea of Oman, the Persian Gulf Water presents several offshore ejection sites and a complex recirculation, depending on the mesoscale eddies. The associated mechanisms range from coastal ejection via dipoles, alongshore pulses due to a cyclonic eddy, to the formation of lee eddies downstream of Ra's Al Hamra. This water mass is also captured inside the eddies via several mechanisms, keeping high thermohaline characteristics in the Arabian Sea. The variations of the outflow characteristics near the Strait of Hormuz are compared with variations downstream.

Talorchestia qeshm sp. nov., a new talitrid amphipod from the Persian Gulf (Amphipoda, Talitridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3985 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-439
Author(s):  
IM LOWRY ◽  
Farzaneh MOMTAZI
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Amphipod Species ◽  
The South ◽  
Qeshm Island ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Persian Gulf

A new talitrid amphipod species, Talorchestia qeshm sp. nov., is described from Qeshm Island in the south-eastern Persian Gulf. This is the westernmost confirmed record for Talorchestia and places the genus firmly in the western Indian Ocean. 

scholarly journals Mesoscale variability in the Arabian Sea from HYCOM model results and observations: impact on the Persian Gulf Water path

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L'Hégaret ◽  
R. Duarte ◽  
X. Carton ◽  
C. Vic ◽  
D. Ciani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Seasonal Variability ◽  
Arabian Sea ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Mesoscale Eddies ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Persian Gulf Water ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Sea Of Oman

Abstract. The Arabian Sea and Sea of Oman circulation and water masses, subject to the monsoon forcing, reveal a strong seasonal variability and intense mesoscale features. We describe and analyse this variability and these features, using both meteorological data (from ECMWF reanalyses), in-situ observations (from the ARGO float program and the GDEM climatology), satellite altimetry (from AVISO) and a regional simulation with a primitive equation model (HYCOM). The EOFs of the seasonal variability of the water masses quantify their main changes in thermohaline characteristics and in position. The model and observations display comparable variability, and the model is then used to analyse the three-dimensional structure of eddies and water masses with a higher resolution. The mesoscale eddies have a deep dynamical influence and strongly drive the water masses at depth. In particular, in the Sea of Oman, the Persian Gulf Water presents several offshore ejection sites and a complex recirculation, depending on the mesoscale eddies. This water mass is also captured inside the eddies via several mechanisms, keeping high thermohaline characteristics in the Arabian Sea. These characteristics are validated on the GOGP99 cruise data.

scholarly journals Variability of water masses in the western Indian Ocean

1996 ◽  
Vol 101 (C6) ◽  
pp. 14027-14038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben A. Morales ◽  
Eric D. Barton ◽  
Karen J. Heywood
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Water Masses
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