Assessment of the spatial distribution of global soil loss tolerance by using the productivity index method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizhi Jia ◽  
Wenwu Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Soil Loss Tolerance ◽  
Loss Tolerance ◽  
T Values

<p>The soil loss tolerance (T value) is the ultimate criterion for determining whether a soil has potential erosion risks. While the existing T value criteria are mainly on national scale, and lack of consideration of the differences in soil erosion, soil properties and soil productivity between different types of land use. We calculated the global T value by using the productivity index method. The global T values ranged from 0.84 to 4.99 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>, with an average of 1.49 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>. The distribution of T values in global scale demonstrated significant spatial differences, and the range of T values in most regions of the land (98.23%) was between 1.0 and 2.0 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>. The mean T values varied from c ontinent to continent, with Africa and Oceania having higher mean T values than other continents. The T values between different land use types varied widely, and the T values of five land use types were as follows: cropland (1.67 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>) > shrubland (1.61 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>) > grassland (1.59 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>) > forestland (1.38 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>) > wetland (1.28 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>).</p>

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Soil Loss Tolerance and Productivity of the Olive Groves in the Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) Areas Norte Alentejano (Portugal) and Estepa (Andalusia, Spain)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
Antonio Alberto Rodríguez Sousa ◽  
José Muñoz-Rojas ◽  
Teresa Pinto-Correia ◽  
Pedro A. Aguilera ◽  
Jesús M. Barandica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Olive Groves ◽  
Soil Loss Tolerance ◽  
Loss Tolerance ◽  
Mediterranean Systems

Olive groves are Mediterranean systems that occupy more than 2.5 M ha in Spain and 0.352 M ha in Portugal. Assuming the differences between both countries in terms of olive grove regulation and considering their multifunctionality, it is useful to implement agronomic indices to estimate their sustainability. The Soil Loss Tolerance Index (SLTI) and the Soil Productivity Index (SPI) are two such indices. We calculated both indices in the Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) Norte Alentejano (Portugal). The SLTI index was adapted considering specific variables of the analysed olive groves (i.e., SLTIog). The values obtained were compared with those previously estimated for PDO Estepa (Spain). The negative impacts of erosion and the underlying agricultural practices on the sustainability of olive groves became evident, resulting in decreased soil productivity at the regional level. The SLTIog index showed higher values for crops, being a more realistic tool to analyse sustainability. A higher soil loss tolerance was detected for integrated groves in the PDO Norte Alentejano than for PDO Estepa due to the shorter age of olive cultivation in Portugal, with incipient soil impacts. These indices provide information on the degree of soil erosion, allowing farmers and decision-makers to apply practices to maximise the sustainability of olive groves.

scholarly journals Assessment of Soil loss Tolerance limit to Latosol, Argisol and Cambisolin the southern Minas Gerais state

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Guilherme Henrique Expedito Lense ◽  
Rodrigo Santos Moreira ◽  
Taya Cristo Parreiras ◽  
Luis Felipe Pigatto Miranda Silva ◽  
Alexandre Elias de Miranda Teodoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Tolerance Limit ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Soil Loss Tolerance ◽  
Loss Tolerance ◽  
Erosion Mitigation ◽  
T Values

Soil Loss Tolerance (T) reflects the maximum erosion rate that still allows a sustainable level of crop production. The T limit can be used to support the conservationist land-use planning and to propose erosion mitigation measures. In this context, we aim to determine the Soil Loss Tolerance limit to different soil classes located at the Coroado Stream Subbasin, southern Minas Gerais, Brazil. The soil classes of the subbasin area was classified as Dystrophic Red Latosols - LVd (90.0%), Eutrophic Red-Yellow Argisols - PVAe (5.4%), and Dystrophic Tb Haplic Cambisols - CXbd (1.9%). The following attributes were used to determine the T limits: texture, depth, density, permeability, and organic matter. To analyzing these parameters, we collect soil samples at 18 points distributed along the subbasin area. T values ranged from 4.75 to 7.40 Mg ha-1 year-1, with the lowest limit observed for CXbd (4.75 Mg ha-1 year-1). These results indicate that the Cambisol should be prioritized in the adoption of conservation practices to reduce water erosion and to maintain soil loss levels at acceptable rates. Latosols, Argisols, and Cambisols are the most common soils in the Brazilian territory. Thus, the results provided by the work can be used as a reference to monitoring the erosion process and evaluate the sustainability of agricultural activities in Brazil.

scholarly journals Evaluating of the spatial heterogeneity of soil loss tolerance and its effects on erosion risk in the carbonate areas of southern China

Solid Earth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Li ◽  
Xiao Yong Bai ◽  
Shi Jie Wang ◽  
Luo Yi Qin ◽  
Yi Chao Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Carbonate Rock ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Clastic Rock ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
Soil Loss Tolerance ◽  
Loss Tolerance ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Soil loss tolerance (T value) is one of the criteria in determining the necessity of erosion control measures and ecological restoration strategy. However, the validity of this criterion in subtropical karst regions is strongly disputed. In this study, T value is calculated based on soil formation rate by using a digital distribution map of carbonate rock assemblage types. Results indicated a spatial heterogeneity and diversity in soil loss tolerance. Instead of only one criterion, a minimum of three criteria should be considered when investigating the carbonate areas of southern China because the one region, one T value concept may not be applicable to this region. T value is proportionate to the amount of argillaceous material, which determines the surface soil thickness of the formations in homogenous carbonate rock areas. Homogenous carbonate rock, carbonate rock intercalated with clastic rock areas and carbonate/clastic rock alternation areas have T values of 20, 50 and 100 t/(km2 a), and they are extremely, severely and moderately sensitive to soil erosion. Karst rocky desertification (KRD) is defined as extreme soil erosion and reflects the risks of erosion. Thus, the relationship between T value and erosion risk is determined using KRD as a parameter. The existence of KRD land is unrelated to the T value, although this parameter indicates erosion sensitivity. Erosion risk is strongly dependent on the relationship between real soil loss (RL) and T value rather than on either erosion intensity or the T value itself. If RL > > T, then the erosion risk is high despite of a low RL. Conversely, if T > > RL, then the soil is safe although RL is high. Overall, these findings may clarify the heterogeneity of T value and its effect on erosion risk in a karst environment.

scholarly journals A comparison between soil loss evaluation index and the C-factor of RUSLE: a case study in the Loess Plateau of China

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 2739-2748 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Zhao ◽  
B. J. Fu ◽  
L. D. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Drainage Network ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Low Area ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
High Area ◽  
Land Use Types

Abstract. Land use and land cover are most important in quantifying soil erosion. Based on the C-factor of the popular soil erosion model, Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and a scale-pattern-process theory in landscape ecology, we proposed a multi-scale soil loss evaluation index (SL) to evaluate the effects of land use patterns on soil erosion. We examined the advantages and shortcomings of SL for small watershed (SLsw) by comparing to the C-factor used in RUSLE. We used the Yanhe watershed located on China's Loess Plateau as a case study to demonstrate the utilities of SLsw. The SLsw calculation involves the delineations of the drainage network and sub-watershed boundaries, the calculations of soil loss horizontal distance index, the soil loss vertical distance index, slope steepness, rainfall-runoff erosivity, soil erodibility, and cover and management practice. We used several extensions within the geographic information system (GIS), and AVSWAT2000 hydrological model to derive all the required GIS layers. We compared the SLsw with the C-factor to identify spatial patterns to understand the causes for the differences. The SLsw values for the Yanhe watershed are in the range of 0.15 to 0.45, and there are 593 sub-watersheds with SLsw values that are lower than the C-factor values (LOW) and 227 sub-watersheds with SLsw values higher than the C-factor values (HIGH). The HIGH area have greater rainfall-runoff erosivity than LOW area for all land use types. The cultivated land is located on the steeper slope or is closer to the drainage network in the horizontal direction in HIGH area in comparison to LOW area. The results imply that SLsw can be used to identify the effect of land use distribution on soil loss, whereas the C-factor has less power to do it. Both HIGH and LOW areas have similar soil erodibility values for all land use types. The average vertical distances of forest land and sparse forest land to the drainage network are shorter in LOW area than that in HIGH area. Other land use types have shorter average vertical distances in HIGH area than that LOW area. SLsw has advantages over C-factor in its ability to specify the subwatersheds that require the land use patterns optimization by adjusting the locations of land uses to minimize soil loss.

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