Developing an integrated urban inundation flood model for extreme rainfall events with complex sewer system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Dasallas ◽  
Hyunuk An
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Flood Inundation ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Intense Rainfall ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events

<p>One of the major consequences of the changing climate is more intense rainfall episodes in climate vulnerable countries, specifically the Philippines. For over the last 10 years, extreme rainfall events had occurred in the country’s capital city, Metro Manila, which resulted to severe urban flooding occurrences.  The intense rainfall combined with the domain’s low elevation, close proximity to large water sheds and river basins, lack of proper urban planning and the un-systematized drainage system had aggravated the flood inundation. Numerous studies were conducted that had used flood models, but none of these had incorporated the effect of water drainage network, which is an integral part of simulating realistic urban flood inundation. Therefore, this research aims to develop an integrated urban inundation model based on digital surface model that assimilates the sewer system applicable for urban domains with complex pipe network. The quadtree shallow water method, a model that provides flexible grid generation that utilizes adaptive quadtree grid and cut method.  The results were analyzed and compared with the validation data obtained from previous extreme rainfall events. The integrated model was also compared to the existing flood inundation methodologies being used for the present flood early warning system. Research results show that present methodology is closer to the validated results as compared to the previous models. The developed model is also perceived to be best applicable for short term flood events. This shows the efficiency of utilizing integrated urban flood modeling in the Philippines, which can be used for extreme and conventional urban flood events in the future.</p>

scholarly journals One-Dimensional (1D) River Analysis of a River Basin in Southern Luzon Island in the Philippines Using Lidar Digital Elevation Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.7) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Fibor J. Tan ◽  
Edgardo Jade R. Rarugal ◽  
Francis Aldrine A. Uy
Keyword(s):  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model

Flooding is a perennial problem in the Philippines during the monsoon season intensified by the effects of typhoon. On average, there are 20 typhoons that enter the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), and many of these make landfall causing catastrophic aftermath. Extreme rainfall events could lead to flooding in the downstream floodplain and landslide in mountainous terrains. In this study, which is for the case of Calumpang River that drains to the populated and developing region of Batangas City, the focus is on flooding in the floodplain areas. The river was modelled using LiDAR digital elevation model (DEM) that has an accuracy of 20cm in the vertical and 50cm in the horizontal. The result of this is river hydraulic model that can be used to accurately generate flood inundation simulations and flood hazard maps.  

scholarly journals Case Study of Urban Flood Inundation—Impact of Temporal Variability in Rainfall Events

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3438
Author(s):  
Ting Li ◽  
Gyuwon Lee ◽  
Gwangseob Kim
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Exceedance Probability ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Storm Water Management Model

This study aimed to calculate and analyze total overflows that accumulate in urban manholes in the target drainage basin of Samsung-dong, Seoul in heavy rainfall events with different temporal distribution characteristics, using the EPA’s Storm Water Management Model (EPA-SWMM model). Inundation behaviors were analyzed using the two-dimensional flood model (FLO-2D). The extreme rainfall events were produced using different exceedance probability Huff distributions for different durations and return periods, such as from 1 to 3 h and 10 years, 50 years, 80 years, 100 years, respectively. The inundation model was validated using the actual flood observations on 21 September 2010 in the Samsung-dong drainage basin. The total overflow amount showed considerable differences according to the different time distribution characteristics, such as the temporal location of the storm peak and the concentration level of the storm. Furthermore, the inundation behaviors were also related to the temporal characteristics of storms. The results illustrated that the consideration of the temporal distribution characteristics of extreme rainfall events is essential for an accurate understanding of the rainfall–runoff response and inundation behavior in urban drainage basins.

scholarly journals Applicability of SWMM for Semi Urban Catchment Flood modeling using Extreme Rainfall Events

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Flood Routing ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Infiltration Model ◽  
Essential Components

Urban floods are different type of flooding event as compared to normally occurring riverine floods which is very often seen along the river banks during heavy rainfall in monsoons. Continuous human interventions in natural vegetative land for rapid Urbanization activities has given rise to Urban Flooding. So, there is a need for capacity analysis of existing storm networks and identification of overflow locations is the need of the study. Hence, in the present study an attempt has been made to simulate Urban Flood scenario for a semi Urban catchment using Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). The whole area is divided into 20 sub catchments and the data acquired from 2017 rainfall events is used for modelling. The study area is represented in SWMM by the help of Master Plan AutoCAD maps having drain lines and Reduced Levels (R.L.s) information. From this detailed elevation information of various nodes and length of pipe lines has been estimated to make the schematic view of the study area in SWMM. The focus of the present study is to model runoff conditions using Dynamic wave method of flood routing and Green-Ampt Infiltration model in SWMM. The results showed that SWMM has capability to model and interpret flows at various channel sections and nodes for mitigating floods. Due to unavailability of gauged flow data the model Parameters needs calibration for more reliable results. Model has effectively given catchment responses for peak flow and volume of runoff which is considered as one of the essential components of Urban drainage planning to mitigate the risk of flood.

The Influence of Geographical Factors on Extreme Rainfalls in Lampung Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
M Welly
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Ungauged Basin ◽  
Flood Discharge ◽  
Design Rainfall ◽  
Geographical Factors

Many people in Indonesia calculate design rainfall before calculating the design flooddischarge. The design rainfall with a certain return period will eventually be convertedinto a design flood discharge by combining it with the characteristics of the watershed.However, the lack of a network of rainfall recording stations makes many areas that arenot hydrologically measured (ungauged basin), so it is quite difficult to know thecharacteristics of rain in the area concerned. This study aims to analyze thecharacteristics of design rainfall in Lampung Province. The focus of the analysis is toinvestigate whether geographical factors influence the design rainfall that occurs in theparticular area. The data used in this study is daily rainfall data from 15 rainfallrecording stations spread in Lampung Province. The method of frequency analysis usedin this study is the Gumbel method. The research shows that the geographical location ofan area does not have significant effect on extreme rainfall events. The effect of risingearth temperatures due to natural exploitation by humans tends to be stronger as a causeof extreme events such as extreme rainfall.Keywords: Influence, geographical, factors, extreme, rainfall.

CLIMATOLOGY OF EXTREME RAINFALL EVENTS IN EASTERN AND NORTHERN SANTA CATARINA STATE, BRAZIL: PRESENT AND FUTURE CLIMATE

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Becker Nunes ◽  
Gilson Carlos Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Climate Modeling ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
Santa Catarina State

ABSTRACT. The eastern region of Santa Catarina State (Brazil) has an important history of natural disasters due to extreme rainfall events. Floods and landslides are enhancedby local features such as orography and urbanization: the replacement of natural surface coverage causing more surface runoff and, hence, flooding. Thus, studies of this type of events – which directly influence life in the towns – take on increasing importance. This work makes a quantitative analysis of occurrences of extreme rainfall events in the eastern and northern regions of Santa Catarina State in the last 60 years, through individual analysis, considering the history of floods ineach selected town, as well as an estimate through to the end of century following regional climate modeling. A positive linear trend, in most of the towns studied, was observed in the results, indicating greater frequency of these events in recent decades, and the HadRM3P climate model shows a heterogeneous increase of events for all towns in the period from 2071 to 2100.Keywords: floods, climate modeling, linear trend. RESUMO. A região leste do Estado de Santa Catarina tem um importante histórico de desastres naturais ocasionados por eventos extremos de precipitação. Inundações e deslizamentos de terra são potencializados pelo relevo acidentado e pela urbanização das cidades da região: a vegetação nativa vem sendo removida acarretando um maior escoamento superficial e, consequentemente, em inundações. Desta forma, torna-se de suma importância os estudos acerca deste tipo de evento que influencia diretamente a sociedade em geral. Neste trabalho é realizada uma análise quantitativa do número de eventos severos de precipitação ocorridos nas regiões leste e norte de Santa Catarina dos últimos 60 anos, por meio de uma análise pontual, considerandoo histórico de inundações de cada cidade selecionada, além de uma projeção para o fim do século de acordo com modelagem climática regional. Na análise dos resultados observou-se uma tendência linear positiva na maioria das cidades, indicando uma maior frequência deste tipo de evento nas últimas décadas, e o modelo climático HadRM3P mostra um aumento heterogêneo no número de eventos para todas as cidades no período de 2071 a 2100.Palavras-chave: inundações, modelagem climática, tendência linear.

Comparing vulnerability and institutional capacities in three Latin American coastal localities in response to extreme rainfall events

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Ruiz-Luna ◽  
Claudia Martínez-Peralta ◽  
Patricia P. B. Eichler ◽  
Leonardo R. Teixeira ◽  
Montserrat Acosta-Morel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events

scholarly journals Tropical cyclone contribution to extreme rainfall over southwest Pacific Island nations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Deo ◽  
Savin S. Chand ◽  
Hamish Ramsay ◽  
Neil J. Holbrook ◽  
Simon McGree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Southwest Pacific ◽  
Inactive Phase ◽  
Pacific Island Nations

AbstractSouthwest Pacific nations are among some of the worst impacted and most vulnerable globally in terms of tropical cyclone (TC)-induced flooding and accompanying risks. This study objectively quantifies the fractional contribution of TCs to extreme rainfall (hereafter, TC contributions) in the context of climate variability and change. We show that TC contributions to extreme rainfall are substantially enhanced during active phases of the Madden–Julian Oscillation and by El Niño conditions (particularly over the eastern southwest Pacific region); this enhancement is primarily attributed to increased TC activity during these event periods. There are also indications of increasing intensities of TC-induced extreme rainfall events over the past few decades. A key part of this work involves development of sophisticated Bayesian regression models for individual island nations in order to better understand the synergistic relationships between TC-induced extreme rainfall and combinations of various climatic drivers that modulate the relationship. Such models are found to be very useful for not only assessing probabilities of TC- and non-TC induced extreme rainfall events but also evaluating probabilities of extreme rainfall for cases with different underlying climatic conditions. For example, TC-induced extreme rainfall probability over Samoa can vary from ~ 95 to ~ 75% during a La Niña period, if it coincides with an active or inactive phase of the MJO, and can be reduced to ~ 30% during a combination of El Niño period and inactive phase of the MJO. Several other such cases have been assessed for different island nations, providing information that have potentially important implications for planning and preparing for TC risks in vulnerable Pacific Island nations.

scholarly journals Trends in the Frequency of Intense Precipitation Events in Southern and Southeastern Brazil during 1960–2004

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1913-1921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus da Silva Teixeira ◽  
Prakki Satyamurty
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Event ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Annual Frequency ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Increasing Trends

Abstract A new approach to define heavy and extreme rainfall events based on cluster analysis and area-average rainfall series is presented. The annual frequency of the heavy and extreme rainfall events is obtained for the southeastern and southern Brazil regions. In the 1960–2004 period, 510 (98) and 466 (77) heavy (extreme) rainfall events are identified in the two regions. Monthly distributions of the events closely follow the monthly climatological rainfall in the two regions. In both regions, annual heavy and extreme rainfall event frequencies present increasing trends in the 45-yr period. However, only in southern Brazil is the trend statistically significant. Although longer time series are necessary to ensure the existence of long-term trends, the positive trends are somewhat alarming since they indicate that climate changes, in terms of rainfall regimes, are possibly under way in Brazil.

Extreme rainfall events (1958–68)

Weather ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 211-211
Author(s):  
Nick Baker
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events
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