Tectonic influence of Large Igneous Provinces on source-to-sink systems, the case study of Shetland during the Palaeocene - Preliminary results

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Albanese Valore ◽  
Christian Haug Eide ◽  
Tor Oftedal Sømme
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Dynamic Topography ◽  
Sedimentary Record ◽  
Mantle Dynamics ◽  
Exceptional Preservation ◽  
The North ◽  
Source To Sink ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Forcing Mechanisms

<p>The source-to-sink approach to sedimentology has become an increasingly valuable approach for addressing how external and internal forcing mechanisms are tied together in time and space. Processes that are initiated deep within the lower mantle can eventually propagate and affect shallow crustal sedimentary systems. This is important to predict the presence of reservoirs in areas of little data, and to interpret the sedimentary record in terms of climate and tectonic settings during deposition. To address this issue, we will study the Early Palaeogene succession of the East Shetland Platform in the North Sea, which was deposited during the emplacement of the Icelandic Plume. The plume’s activity is hypothesized to be the cause of a major uplift cycle in the continental source areas, which is coeval to a sharp increase in sedimentation rates recorded in the East Shetland Platform during the Palaeocene. However, this relationship is still in need of accurate constraints derived from data with better spatial and temporal resolution, particularly due to overlapping climatic and tectonic controls, regional-to-local variations in sediment supply systems and overall gaps in the sedimentary record. This correlation can benefit from high-quality 3D seismic data on the platform, especially due to an exceptional preservation of shelf-edge geometries that are absent elsewhere. Using different 3D and 2D seismic surveys, well data and biostratigraphic data from the Shetland Platform and the North Sea, we will quantify sediment volumes supplied through time. The observed sediment volumes will be investigated using models of dynamic topography, plume activity and paleoclimatic data to closely relate supplied volumes to changes in relief, catchment geometries, precipitation and other key forcing parameters. Ultimately, we aim to investigate the relative influence of both tectonics and climate, as both long term (mantle dynamics) and short term (Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum) have been interpreted to play an important role in this system.</p><p> </p>

Large-scale siliciclastic input during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum in the North Sea Basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simin Jin ◽  
David Kemp ◽  
David Jolley ◽  
Manuel Vieira ◽  
Chunju Huang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Isotope ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Deep Time ◽  
The North ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
The North Sea

<p>The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, ~56 Ma) was the most marked climate warming event of the Cenozoic, and a potentially useful deep time analogue for understanding environmental responses to anthropogenic carbon emissions and associated warming. The response of sedimentary systems to the large-scale climate changes of the PETM are, however, still uncertain. Here, we present an extremely thick (~140 m) record of the PETM in cores from a well in the North Sea, offshore UK. In this well, a thick Paleocene-Eocene interval is developed owing to uplift of the East Shetland Platform in the late Paleocene. Carbon isotope data through this well, coupled with detailed sedimentological analysis, show that the PETM interval is contemporaneous with >200 sandstone turbidites layers. Mud deposition without turbidites dominated sedimentation below and above the PETM. These observations support previous work from other localities highlighting how climate warming during the PETM likely drove substantial changes in hydrological cycling, erosion and sediment supply. Spectral analysis of turbidite recurrence in the PETM interval suggests that the abundance of turbidites was modulated in part by ~21 kyr astronomical precession climate cycles, further emphasizing a potential climatic control on turbidite sedimentation. In detail, we note a kiloyear-scale time lag between onset of the PETM carbon isotope excursion and the appearance of turbidites in the succession, highlighting a delay between PETM carbon release and warming and the basin-wide response in sediment supply.</p>

A Source to Sink Approach to the North Sea Fan Pleistocene Glacial Sediments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurora Machado Garcia ◽  
Ivar Midtkandal ◽  
Benjamin Bellwald ◽  
Ingrid Margareta Anell
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Signal Propagation ◽  
Sedimentation Rates ◽  
The North ◽  
Sediment Routing ◽  
Source To Sink ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Sea Fan

<p>Trough mouth fans are large depocentres forming the ultimate sinks in glacial source-to-sink systems. Their architecture, sedimentological aspects (origin and processes) and their role as paleoclimatic archives are essential components in improving our understanding of Pleistocene and ongoing climate changes. For many years, these depocentres were thought to be dominated by debris flows accumulated in front of ice streams located at the shelf break. However, recent studies have shown that meltwater plays a major role in bringing sediment to the most distal parts of these fans, especially in lower latitudes. The North Sea Trough Mouth Fan encompasses ~110,000 km<sup>2 </sup>with water depths of up to 3500 m. It has received sediments throughout the Quaternary, with increased sedimentation rates in the last 1.1 Ma when the Norwegian Channel Ice Stream was active. Recent insight of the fan shows that meltwater turbidites play a major role in sediment delivery to the continental slope and deep-sea basin. The results could entail distinct morphologies for mid-latitude and high-latitude fans. As a result of glacial erosion and the absence of clear imprints of ice sheets on the paleo-shelves, studying trough mouth fan deposits becomes paramount in understanding glacial-interglacial cycles. This project will assess the source-to-sink parameters of the last glaciation (Weichselian) at the North Sea Fan, elucidating the dominant marine and terrestrial processes that led to the studied sedimentary sequences. High-resolution 2D and 3D seismic data, core, volumetric and numerical modeling data will be assimilated to establish a source-to-sink model for the target interval. These results will contribute to the knowledge of how glaciations affect surface mass redistribution, directly affecting the landscape dynamics and sediment routing from Fennoscandia via the North Sea to the slopes and deep basin. Sediment production will be evaluated, assessing whether it increases during the glaciation or if observed higher sedimentation rates are a result of enhanced sediment transport. This project is a part of the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Innovative Training Networks “S2S – Future: Signal propagation in source to sink for the future of the Earth resources and energy” and will further advance how trough mouth flans are highly dynamic areas where sediment transport, dispersal, remobilization and deposition take place, and serve as excellent proxies to the dynamics of glacial pulses in the hinterland.</p>

Coast erosion and sediment circulation on the coast of eastern England

1972 ◽  
Vol 272 (1221) ◽  
pp. 171-171
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Dynamic Topography ◽  
East Anglia ◽  
Thames Estuary ◽  
Dutch Coast ◽  
Southern North Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

Sediment is considered to travel southward along the English coast and northward along the Dutch coast and this has been interpreted as being part of a counter clockwise circulation in the North Sea. There is evidence that the transport along the English coast is interrupted at a number of places, e.g. the Wash and the Thames Estuary, placing major traps in its path and there are discontinuities in the bank formations due to reversal of movement off East Anglia. Recent work suggests that there are some well defined sediment streams in the southern North Sea with very restricted means of transfer from one stream to another. It is possible that in some sandwave fields we are observing fossil topography rather than present dynamic topography, e.g. in areas such as the Sandettie.

scholarly journals The Holocene evolution of the barrier and the back-barrier basins of Belgium and the Netherlands as a function of late Weichselian morphology, relative sea-level rise and sediment supply

2000 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk J. Beets ◽  
Adam J. F. van der Spek
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
The North ◽  
Relative Sea Level Rise ◽  
The North Sea

AbstractFlooding of the southern part of the North Sea occurred between 9000 and 8000 BP, when the rate of relative sea-level rise was on the order of 0.7 cm per year for the Dover Strait Region and 1.6 cm per year for the area north of the Frisian Islands, forcing the shoreline to recede rapidly. When relative sea-level rise decelerated after 7000 BP for the Belgian coast and 6000 BP for the central Netherlands coast, sediment supply by the tidal currents balanced the creation of accommodation space in the estuaries and other back-barrier basins. Consequently, the barrier started to stabilize, and the tidal basins and their inlets silted up. Between 5500 and 4500 BP, the Belgian coastal plain changed into a freshwater marsh with peat accumulation, and the same happened 500–1000 years later in the western provinces of the Netherlands. The E-W running barrier/back-barrier system of the Frisian Islands in the northern Netherlands stayed open until today, however, because of lower sediment supply.The period between 4000 and 2000 BP was relatively quiet due to the strong deceleration of the rate of sea-level rise; peat cushions developed behind the barriers, which were straightened by erosion of the headlands. Major and often catastrophic flooding occurred in the Middle Ages, when the estuaries in the southwestern part of the Netherlands formed.About 226 (± 15%) × 109 m3 sediment, mostly sand, is stored in the barriers and back-barrier basins of the Netherlands, 70% of which was deposited prior to 5000 BP. About 10% of the stored sediment is estimated to be of alluvial origin. Most of the sediment is derived by the erosion of the Pleistocene basement during recession of the barriers, but tide-induced crossshore transport from the North Sea forms an additional source for the barriers and back-barriers of the west-facing coast of the Netherlands.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document