scholarly journals Turbulence Dissipation Rate Estimated from Lidar Observations During the LAPSE-RATE Field Campaign

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Sanchez Gomez ◽  
Julie K. Lundquist ◽  
Petra M. Klein ◽  
Tyler M. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Dissipation Rate ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Lapse Rate ◽  
Diurnal Variability ◽  
Field Campaign ◽  
University Of Oklahoma ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft ◽  
The University

Abstract. The International Society for Atmospheric Research using Remotely-piloted Aircraft (ISARRA) hosted a flight week in July 2018 to demonstrate Unmanned Aircraft Systems’ (UAS) capabilities in sampling the atmospheric boundary layer. This week-long experiment was called the Lower Atmospheric Profiling Studies at Elevation – a Remotely-piloted Aircraft Team Experiment (LAPSE-RATE) field campaign. Numerous remotely piloted aircrafts and ground-based instruments were deployed with the objective of capturing meso- and microscale phenomena in the atmospheric boundary layer. The University of Oklahoma deployed one Halo Streamline lidar and the University of Colorado Boulder deployed two Windcube lidars. In this paper, we use data collected from these Doppler lidars to estimate turbulence dissipation rate throughout the campaign. We observe large temporal variability of turbulence dissipation close to the surface with the Windcube lidars that is not detected by the Halo Streamline. However, the Halo lidar enables estimating dissipation rate within the whole boundary layer, where a diurnal variability emerges. We also find a higher correspondence in turbulence dissipation between the Windcube lidars, which are not co-located, compared to the Halo and Windcube lidar that are co-located, suggesting a significant influence of measurement volume on the retrieved values of dissipation rate. This dataset have been submitted to Zenodo (Sanchez Gomez and Lundquist, 2020) for free and open access (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4399967).

scholarly journals Turbulence dissipation rate estimated from lidar observations during the LAPSE-RATE field campaign

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3539-3549
Author(s):  
Miguel Sanchez Gomez ◽  
Julie K. Lundquist ◽  
Petra M. Klein ◽  
Tyler M. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Dissipation Rate ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Lapse Rate ◽  
Diurnal Variability ◽  
Field Campaign ◽  
University Of Oklahoma ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft ◽  
The University

Abstract. The International Society for Atmospheric Research using Remotely-piloted Aircraft (ISARRA) hosted a flight week in July 2018 to demonstrate unmanned aircraft systems' (UASs) capabilities in sampling the atmospheric boundary layer. This week-long experiment was called the Lower Atmospheric Profiling Studies at Elevation – a Remotely-piloted Aircraft Team Experiment (LAPSE-RATE) field campaign. Numerous remotely piloted aircraft and ground-based instruments were deployed with the objective of capturing meso- and microscale phenomena in the atmospheric boundary layer. The University of Oklahoma deployed one Halo Streamline lidar, and the University of Colorado Boulder deployed two WindCube lidars. In this paper, we use data collected from these Doppler lidars to estimate turbulence dissipation rate throughout the campaign. We observe large temporal variability of turbulence dissipation close to the surface with the WindCube lidars that is not detected by the Halo Streamline. However, the Halo lidar enables estimating dissipation rate within the whole boundary layer, where a diurnal variability emerges. We also find a higher correspondence in turbulence dissipation between the WindCube lidars, which are not co-located, compared to the Halo and WindCube lidar that are co-located, suggesting a significant influence of measurement volume on the retrieved values of dissipation rate. This dataset has been submitted to Zenodo (Sanchez Gomez and Lundquist, 2020) for free and is openly accessible (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4399967).

scholarly journals Observations of the thermodynamic and kinematic state of the atmospheric boundary layer over the San Luis Valley, CO, using the CopterSonde 2 remotely piloted aircraft system in support of the LAPSE-RATE field campaign

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-280
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Pillar-Little ◽  
Brian R. Greene ◽  
Francesca M. Lappin ◽  
Tyler M. Bell ◽  
Antonio R. Segales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Complex Terrain ◽  
Lapse Rate ◽  
San Luis Valley ◽  
University Of Oklahoma ◽  
San Luis ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft ◽  
Aircraft System ◽  
Convection Initiation

Abstract. In July 2018, the University of Oklahoma deployed three CopterSonde remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPASs) to take measurements of the evolving thermodynamic and kinematic state of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) over complex terrain in the San Luis Valley, Colorado. A total of 180 flights were completed over 5 d, with teams operating simultaneously at two different sites in the northern half of the valley. A total of 2 d of operations focused on convection initiation studies, 1 d focused on ABL diurnal transition studies, 1 d focused on internal comparison flights, and the last day of operations focused on cold air drainage flows. The data from these coordinated flights provide insight into the horizontal heterogeneity of the atmospheric state over complex terrain. This dataset, along with others collected by other universities and institutions as a part of the LAPSE-RATE campaign, have been submitted to Zenodo (Greene et al., 2020) for free and open access (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737087).

scholarly journals Observations of the thermodynamic and kinematic state of the atmospheric boundary layer over the San Luis Valley, CO using remotely piloted aircraft systems during the LAPSE-RATE field campaign

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Pillar-Little ◽  
Brian R. Greene ◽  
Francesca M. Lappin ◽  
Tyler M. Bell ◽  
Antonio R. Segales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Complex Terrain ◽  
Lapse Rate ◽  
San Luis Valley ◽  
Aircraft Systems ◽  
University Of Oklahoma ◽  
San Luis ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft ◽  
Convection Initiation

Abstract. In July 2018, the University of Oklahoma deployed three CopterSonde 2 remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS) to take measurements of the evolving thermodynamic and kinematic state of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) over complex terrain in the San Luis Valley, Colorado. A total of 180 flights were completed over five days, with teams operating simultaneously at two different sites in the northern half of the valley. Two days of operations focused on convection initiation studies, one day focused on ABL diurnal transition studies, one day focused on internal comparison flights, and the last day of operations focused on cold air drainage flows. The data from these coordinated flights provides insight into the horizontal heterogeneity of the atmospheric state over complex terrain as well as the expected horizontal footprint of RPAS profiles. This dataset, along with others collected by other universities and institutions as a part of the LAPSE-RATE campaign, have been submitted to Zenodo (Greene et al., 2020) for free and open access (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737087).

scholarly journals Remote sensing and radiosonde datasets collected in the San Luis Valley during the LAPSE-RATE campaign

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler M. Bell ◽  
Petra M. Klein ◽  
Julie K. Lundquist ◽  
Sean Waugh
Keyword(s):  
Lapse Rate ◽  
University Of Oklahoma ◽  
University Of Colorado ◽  
San Luis ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft ◽  
Process Studies ◽  
Community Portal ◽  
Atmospheric State ◽  
The University

Abstract. In July 2018, the International Society for Atmospheric Research using Remotely-piloted Aircraft (ISARRA) hosted a flight week to showcase the role remotely-piloted aircraft systems (RPAS) can have in filling the atmospheric data gap.This campaign was dubbed Lower Atmospheric Process Studies at Elevation – A Remotely-piloted Aircraft Team Experiment(LAPSE-RATE). In support of this campaign, ground-based remote and in-situ systems were also deployed for the campaign.The University of Oklahoma deployed the Collaborative Lower Atmospheric Mobile Profiling System (CLAMPS), the University of Colorado deployed two Doppler wind lidars, and the National Severe Storms Lab deployed a Mobile Mesonet with the ability to launch radiosondes. This paper focuses on the data products from these instruments that result in pro-files of the atmospheric state. The data are publicly available in the Zenodo LAPSE-RATE community portal (https://zenodo.org/communities/lapse-rate/). The profile data discussed are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3780623 (Bell and Klein, 2020), https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3780593 (Bell et al., 2020b), https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3727224 (Bell et al., 2020a), https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3738175 (Waugh, 2020b), https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3720444 (Waugh, 2020a),and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3698228 (Lundquist et al., 2020).

scholarly journals Measurements from mobile surface vehicles during the Lower Atmospheric Profiling Studies at Elevation – a Remotely-piloted Aircraft Team Experiment (LAPSE-RATE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-169
Author(s):  
Gijs de Boer ◽  
Sean Waugh ◽  
Alexander Erwin ◽  
Steven Borenstein ◽  
Cory Dixon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Layer Structure ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Lapse Rate ◽  
San Luis Valley ◽  
University Of Colorado ◽  
San Luis ◽  
Northern Half ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft ◽  
In Situ Sensors ◽  
The University

Abstract. Between 14 and 20 July 2018, small unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) were deployed to the San Luis Valley of Colorado (USA) alongside surface-based remote sensors, in situ sensors, and radiosonde systems as part of the Lower Atmospheric Profiling Studies at Elevation – a Remotely-piloted Aircraft Team Experiment (LAPSE-RATE). The measurements collected as part of LAPSE-RATE targeted quantities related to enhancing our understanding of boundary layer structure, cloud and aerosol properties and surface–atmosphere exchange and provide detailed information to support model evaluation and improvement work. Additionally, intensive intercomparison between the different unmanned aircraft platforms was completed. The current paper describes the observations obtained using three different types of surface-based mobile observing vehicles. These included the University of Colorado Mobile UAS Research Collaboratory (MURC), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Severe Storms Laboratory Mobile Mesonet, and two University of Nebraska Combined Mesonet and Tracker (CoMeT) vehicles. Over the 1-week campaign, a total of 143 h of data were collected using this combination of vehicles. The data from these coordinated activities provide detailed perspectives on the spatial variability of atmospheric state parameters (air temperature, humidity, pressure, and wind) throughout the northern half of the San Luis Valley. These datasets have been checked for quality and published to the Zenodo data archive under a specific “community” setup for LAPSE-RATE (https://zenodo.org/communities/lapse-rate/, last access: 21 January 2021) and are accessible at no cost by all registered users. The primary dataset DOIs are https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814765 (CU MURC measurements; de Boer et al., 2020d), https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3738175 (NSSL MM measurements; Waugh, 2020), and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838724 (UNL CoMeT measurements; Houston and Erwin, 2020).

Turbulence Dissipation Rate in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer: Observations and WRF Mesoscale Modeling during the XPIA Field Campaign

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 351-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domingo Muñoz-Esparza ◽  
Robert D. Sharman ◽  
Julie K. Lundquist
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Dissipation Rate ◽  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Sonic Anemometer ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Field Campaign ◽  
Statistical Behavior

Abstract A better understanding and prediction of turbulence dissipation rate ε in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is important for many applications. Herein, sonic anemometer data from the Experimental Planetary boundary layer Instrumentation Assessment (XPIA) field campaign (March–May 2015) are used to derive energy dissipation rate (EDR; =) within the first 300 m above the ground employing second-order structure functions. Turbulence dissipation rate is found to be strongly driven by the diurnal evolution of the ABL, presenting a distinct statistical behavior between daytime and nighttime conditions that follows log–Weibull and lognormal distributions, respectively. In addition, the vertical structure of EDR is characterized by a decrease with height above the surface, with the largest gradients occurring within the surface layer (z < 50 m). Convection-permitting mesoscale simulations were carried out with all of the 1.5-order turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) closure planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes available in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. Overall, the three PBL schemes capture the observed diurnal evolution of EDR as well as the statistical behavior and vertical structure. However, the Mellor–Yamada-type schemes underestimate the large EDR levels during the bulk of daytime conditions, with the quasi-normal scale elimination (QNSE) scheme providing the best agreement with observations. During stably stratified nighttime conditions, Mellor–Yamada–Janjić (MYJ) and QNSE tend to exhibit an artificial “clipping” to their background TKE levels. A reduction in the model constant in the dissipation term for the Mellor–Yamada–Nakanishi–Niino (MYNN) scheme did not have a noticeable impact on EDR estimates. In contrast, application of a postprocessing statistical remapping technique reduced the systematic negative bias in the MYNN results by 75%.

scholarly journals Remote-sensing and radiosonde datasets collected in the San Luis Valley during the LAPSE-RATE campaign

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1041-1051
Author(s):  
Tyler M. Bell ◽  
Petra M. Klein ◽  
Julie K. Lundquist ◽  
Sean Waugh
Keyword(s):  
Lapse Rate ◽  
University Of Oklahoma ◽  
University Of Colorado ◽  
San Luis ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft ◽  
Process Studies ◽  
Community Portal ◽  
Data Gap ◽  
The University

Abstract. In July 2018, the International Society for Atmospheric Research using Remotely piloted Aircraft (ISARRA) hosted a flight week to showcase the role remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPASs) can have in filling the atmospheric data gap. This campaign was called Lower Atmospheric Process Studies at Elevation – a Remotely-piloted Aircraft Team Experiment (LAPSE-RATE). In support of this campaign, ground-based remote and in situ systems were also deployed for the campaign. The University of Oklahoma deployed the Collaborative Lower Atmospheric Mobile Profiling System (CLAMPS), the University of Colorado deployed two Doppler wind lidars, and the National Severe Storms Laboratory deployed a mobile mesonet with the ability to launch radiosondes. This paper focuses on the data products from these instruments that result in profiles of the atmospheric state. The data are publicly available in the Zenodo LAPSE-RATE community portal (https://zenodo.org/communities/lapse-rate/, 19 January 2021). The profile data discussed are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3780623 (Bell and Klein, 2020), https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3780593 (Bell et al., 2020b), https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3727224 (Bell et al., 2020a), https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3738175 (Waugh, 2020b), https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3720444 (Waugh, 2020a), and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3698228 (Lundquist et al., 2020).

scholarly journals Diurnal variability of the atmospheric boundary layer height over a tropical station in the Indian monsoon region

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 531-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar Mehta ◽  
Madineni Venkat Ratnam ◽  
Sukumarapillai V. Sunilkumar ◽  
Daggumati Narayana Rao ◽  
Boddapaty V. Krishna Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Indian Monsoon ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Monsoon Region ◽  
Diurnal Variability ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Indian Monsoon Region ◽  
Tropical Station

Abstract. The diurnal variation of atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) height is studied using high-resolution radiosonde observations available at 3 h intervals for 3 days continuously from 34 intensive campaigns conducted during the period December 2010–March 2014 over a tropical station Gadanki (13.5° N, 79.2° E; 375 m), in the Indian monsoon region. The heights of the ABL during the different stages of its diurnal evolution, namely, the convective boundary layer (CBL), the stable boundary layer (SBL), and the residual layer (RL) are obtained to study the diurnal variabilities. A clear diurnal variation is observed in 9 campaigns out of the 34 campaigns. In 7 campaigns the SBL did not form in the entire day and in the remaining 18 campaigns the SBL formed intermittently. The SBL forms for 33–55 % of the time during nighttime and 9 and 25 % during the evening and morning hours, respectively. The mean SBL height is within 0.3 km above the surface which increases slightly just after midnight (02:00 IST) and remains almost constant until the morning. The mean CBL height is within 3.0 km above the surface, which generally increases from morning to evening. The mean RL height is within 2 km above the surface which generally decreases slowly as the night progresses. The diurnal variation of the ABL height over the Indian region is stronger during the pre-monsoon and weaker during winter season. The CBL is higher during the summer monsoon and lower during the winter season while the RL is higher during the winter season and lower during the summer season. During all the seasons, the ABL height peaks during the afternoon (∼ 14:00 IST) and remains elevated until evening (∼ 17:00 IST). The ABL suddenly collapses at 20:00 IST and increases slightly in the night. Interestingly, it is found that the low level clouds have an effect on the ABL height variability, but the deep convective clouds do not. The lifting condensation level (LCL) is generally found to occur below the ABL for the majority of the database and they are randomly related.

scholarly journals Atmospheric boundary layer during northeast monsoon over Tamilnadu and neighbourhood - A study using TOVS data

MAUSAM ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
R. SURESH ◽  
P. V. SANKARAN ◽  
S. RENGARAJAN
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Cloud Layer ◽  
Lapse Rate ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
Temperature Lapse Rate ◽  
Thermodynamic Structure ◽  
Virtual Temperature

Thermodynamic structure of atmospheric boundary layer during October - December covering southwest and northeast monsoon activities over interior Tamilnadu (ITN), coastal Tamilnadu (CTN) and adjoining Bay of Bengal (BOB) has been studied using  TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder (TOVS) data of 1996-98. Heights of neutral stratified mixed layer, cloud layer and planetary boundary layer (PBL) have been estimated through available standard pressure level data. Highest PBL occurs during active northeast monsoon. Cloud layer thickness during weak northeast monsoon over interior Tamilnadu  is significantly higher than that over coastal Tamilnadu and  also over Bay of Bengal. Convective stability (instability)  of the atmosphere in 850-700 hPa layer is associated with weak / withdrawal (active) phase of northeast monsoon. One of  the plausible reasons for  subdued rainfall activity during weak northeast monsoon over interior Tamilnadu could be convective instability  seen over this region in 850-700 hPa layer. But the same is absent in CTN and BOB where no rainfall activity exists during weak monsoon phase. Virtual temperature lapse rate in 850-700 hPa layer exceeding (less than) 6oK/km is associated with active (weak) phase of northeast monsoon over the interior, coastal Tamilnadu and Bay of Bengal.

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