review: OZO v.1.0: Software for solving a generalized omega equation and the Zwack-Okossi height tendency equation using WRF model output

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anonymous
Keyword(s):  
Wrf Model ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Omega Equation

scholarly journals OZO v.1.0: software for solving a generalised omega equation and the Zwack–Okossi height tendency equation using WRF model output

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 827-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mika Rantanen ◽  
Jouni Räisänen ◽  
Juha Lento ◽  
Oleg Stepanyuk ◽  
Olle Räty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabatic Heating ◽  
Physical Mechanism ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Vertical Motion ◽  
Weather Research And Forecasting ◽  
Cartesian Geometry ◽  
Diabatic Processes ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Omega Equation

Abstract. A software package (OZO, Omega–Zwack–Okossi) was developed to diagnose the processes that affect vertical motions and geopotential height tendencies in weather systems simulated by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. First, this software solves a generalised omega equation to calculate the vertical motions associated with different physical forcings: vorticity advection, thermal advection, friction, diabatic heating, and an imbalance term between vorticity and temperature tendencies. After this, the corresponding height tendencies are calculated with the Zwack–Okossi tendency equation. The resulting height tendency components thus contain both the direct effect from the forcing itself and the indirect effects (related to the vertical motion induced by the same forcing) of each physical mechanism. This approach has an advantage compared with previous studies with the Zwack–Okossi equation, in which vertical motions were used as an independent forcing but were typically found to compensate the effects of other forcings.The software is currently tailored to use input from WRF simulations with Cartesian geometry. As an illustration, results for an idealised 10-day baroclinic wave simulation are presented. An excellent agreement is found between OZO and the direct WRF output for both the vertical motion and the height tendency fields. The individual vertical motion and height tendency components demonstrate the importance of both adiabatic and diabatic processes for the simulated cyclone. OZO is an open-source tool for both research and education, and the distribution of the software will be supported by the authors.

scholarly journals OZO v.1.0: Software for solving a generalized omega equation and the Zwack-Okossi height tendency equation using WRF model output

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mika Rantanen ◽  
Jouni Räisänen ◽  
Juha Lento ◽  
Oleg Stepanyuk ◽  
Olle Räty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabatic Heating ◽  
Physical Mechanism ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Vertical Motion ◽  
Weather Research And Forecasting ◽  
Cartesian Geometry ◽  
Diabatic Processes ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Omega Equation

Abstract. A software package (OZO, Omega-Zwack-Okossi) was developed to diagnose the processes that affect vertical motions and geopotential height tendencies in weather systems simulated by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. First, this software solves a generalized omega equation to calculate the vertical motions associated with different physical forcings: vorticity advection, thermal advection, friction, diabatic heating, and an imbalance term between vorticity and temperature tendencies. After this, the corresponding height tendencies are calculated with the Zwack-Okossi tendency equation. The resulting height tendency components thus contain both the direct effect from the forcing itself and the indirect effects (related to the vertical motion induced by the same forcing) of each physical mechanism. This approach has an advantage compared with previous studies with the Zwack-Okossi equation, in which vertical motions were used as an independent forcing but were typically found to compensate the effects of other forcings. The software is tailored to use input from WRF simulations with Cartesian geometry. As an illustration, results for an idealized 10-day baroclinic wave simulation are presented. An excellent agreement is found between OZO and the direct WRF output for both the vertical motion (correlation 0.97 in the midtroposphere) and the height tendency fields (correlation 0.95–0.98 in the whole troposphere). The individual vertical motion and height tendency components demonstrate the importance of both adiabatic and diabatic processes for the simulated cyclone. OZO is an open source tool for both research and education, and the distribution of the software will be supported by the authors.

scholarly journals Application of the WRF model to the coastal area at Ise Bay, Japan: evaluation of model output sensitivity to input data

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Matsuzaki ◽  
Takashi Fujiki ◽  
Koji Kawaguchi ◽  
Tetsunori Inoue ◽  
Takumu Iwamoto
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Ise Bay

scholarly journals Application of the Compressible, Nonhydrostatic, Balanced Omega Equation in Estimating Diabatic Forcing for Parameterization of Inertia–Gravity Waves: Case Study of Moist Baroclinic Waves Using WRF

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-129
Author(s):  
Mahnoosh Haghighatnasab ◽  
Mohammad Mirzaei ◽  
Ali R. Mohebalhojeh ◽  
Christoph Zülicke ◽  
Riwal Plougonven
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Waves ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Diabatic Heating ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Vertical Motion ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Baroclinic Waves ◽  
Diabatic Forcing ◽  
Omega Equation ◽  
Inertia Gravity Waves

Abstract The parameterization of inertia–gravity waves (IGWs) is of considerable importance in general circulation models. Among the challenging issues faced in studies concerned with parameterization of IGWs is the estimation of diabatic forcing in a way independent of the physics parameterization schemes, in particular, convection. The requirement is to estimate the diabatic heating associated with balanced motion. This can be done by comparing estimates of balanced vertical motion with and without diabatic effects. The omega equation provides the natural method of estimating balanced vertical motion without diabatic effects, and several methods for including diabatic effects are compared. To this end, the assumption of spatial-scale separation between IGWs and balanced flows is combined with a suitable form of the balanced omega equation. To test the methods constructed for estimating diabatic heating, an idealized numerical simulation of the moist baroclinic waves is performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model in a channel on the f plane. In overall agreement with the diabatic heating of the WRF Model, in the omega-equation-based estimates, the maxima of heating appear in the warm sector of the baroclinic wave and in the exit region of the upper-level jet. The omega-equation-based method with spatial smoothing for estimating balanced vertical motion is thus presented as the proper way to evaluate diabatic forcing for parameterization of IGWs.

scholarly journals An algorithm for detecting the Chesapeake Bay breeze from mesoscale NWP model output

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
Bay Breeze ◽  
Nwp Model

Abstract A novel algorithm is developed for detecting and classifying the Chesapeake Bay breeze and similar water-body breezes in output from mesoscale numerical weather prediction models. To assess the generality of the new model-based detection algorithm (MBDA), it is tested on simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and on analyses and forecasts from the High Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model. The MBDA outperforms three observation-based detection algorithms (OBDAs) when applied to the same model output. Additionally, by defining the onshore wind directions based on model land-use data, not on the actual geography of the region of interest, performance of the OBDAs with model output can be improved. Although simulations by the WRF model were used to develop the new MBDA, it performed best when applied to HRRR analyses. The generality of the MBDA is promising, and additional tuning of its parameters might improve it further.

Evaluation of next day fog forecast over Namibia using the WRF model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Weston ◽  
Stuart Piketh ◽  
Paola Formenti ◽  
Stephen Brocardo ◽  
Hendrik Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wrf Model ◽  
Liquid Water Content ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Number Concentration ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Moist Air ◽  
Microphysics Scheme ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
Desert Landscape

<p>The Namibian coast line experiences fog when moist air from the southeast Atlantic is advected<br>over the desert landscape. We run the WRF model with the Thompson (2008) microphysics scheme,<br>with a default CCN number concentration of 100 cm-1, to forecast next day fog over the Namib<br>desert. Model output of liquid water content at the lowest level in the atmosphere is used to<br>represent fog and is evaluated against in situ observations of visibility and satellite products of<br>fog/low stratus. Preliminary results indicate that the model captures the spatial pattern of fog<br>excellently, however, the model over predicts fog occurrence. These results serve as the control run<br>for a future model sensitivity study.</p>

scholarly journals Doppler lidar observations of sensible heat flux and intercomparisons with a ground-based energy balance station and WRF model output

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Davis ◽  
Christopher G. Clare Collier ◽  
Fay Davies ◽  
Guy N. Pearson ◽  
Ralph Burton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Sensible Heat Flux ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Doppler Lidar ◽  
Sensible Heat ◽  
Lidar Observations

scholarly journals Comparison of Simulated Polarimetric Signatures in Idealized Supercell Storms Using Two-Moment Bulk Microphysics Schemes in WRF

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 971-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Johnson ◽  
Youngsun Jung ◽  
Daniel T. Dawson ◽  
Ming Xue
Keyword(s):  
Wrf Model ◽  
Weather Research And Forecasting ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Polarimetric Radar ◽  
Grid Spacing ◽  
Model Version ◽  
Supercell Storms ◽  
Radar Signatures ◽  
Radar Simulator ◽  
Weather Research

Abstract Microphysics parameterization becomes increasingly important as the model grid spacing increases toward convection-resolving scales. The performance of several partially or fully two-moment (2M) schemes within the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model, version 3.5.1, chosen because of their well-documented advantages over one-moment (1M) schemes, is evaluated with respect to their ability in producing the well-known polarimetric radar signatures found within supercell storms. Such signatures include the ZDR and KDP columns, the ZDR arc, the midlevel ZDR and ρHV rings, the hail signature in the forward-flank downdraft, and the KDP foot. Polarimetric variables are computed from WRF Model output using a polarimetric radar simulator. It is found that microphysics schemes with a 1M rimed-ice category are unable to simulate the ZDR arc, despite containing a 2M rain category. It is also found that a hail-like rimed-ice category (in addition to graupel) may be necessary to reproduce the observed hail signature. For the microphysics schemes that only contain a graupel-like rimed-ice category, only very wet graupel particles are able to reach the lowest model level, which did not adequately reduce ZDR in this signature. The most realistic signatures overall are found with microphysics schemes that are fully 2M with a separate hail category.

Wind climate estimation using WRF model output: method and model sensitivities over the sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 3422-3439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea N. Hahmann ◽  
Claire L. Vincent ◽  
Alfredo Peña ◽  
Julia Lange ◽  
Charlotte B. Hasager
Keyword(s):  
Wrf Model ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Wind Climate

scholarly journals Statistically and Dynamically Downscaled, Calibrated, Probabilistic 10-m Wind Vector Forecasts Using Ensemble Model Output Statistics

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (9) ◽  
pp. 2859-2880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan P. Holman ◽  
Steven M. Lazarus ◽  
Michael E. Splitt
Keyword(s):  
Wrf Model ◽  
Ensemble Model ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Wind Vector ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Predictive Parameters ◽  
Statistical Relationships ◽  
Ensemble Model Output Statistics ◽  
Model Output Statistics

Abstract A computationally efficient method is developed that performs gridded postprocessing of ensemble 10-m wind vector forecasts. An expansive set of idealized WRF Model simulations are generated to provide physically consistent, high-resolution winds over a coastal domain characterized by an intricate land/water mask. The ensemble model output statistics (EMOS) technique is used to calibrate the ensemble wind vector forecasts at observation locations. The local EMOS predictive parameters (mean and variance) are then spread throughout the grid utilizing flow-dependent statistical relationships extracted from the downscaled WRF winds. In a yearlong study, the method is applied to 24-h wind forecasts from the Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS) at 28 east-central Florida stations. Compared to the raw GEFS, the approach improves both the deterministic and probabilistic forecast skill. Analysis of multivariate rank histograms indicates that the postprocessed forecasts are calibrated. A downscaling case study illustrates the method as applied to a quiescent easterly flow event. Strengths and weaknesses of the approach are presented and discussed.

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