scholarly journals Development of flood probability charts for urban drainage network in coastal areas through a simplified joint assessment approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3115-3122 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Archetti ◽  
A. Bolognesi ◽  
A. Casadio ◽  
M. Maglionico
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Threshold Condition ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Hydraulic Simulation ◽  
Sea Levels

Abstract. The operating conditions of urban drainage networks during storm events depend on the hydraulic conveying capacity of conduits and also on downstream boundary conditions. This is particularly true in coastal areas where the level of the receiving water body is directly or indirectly affected by tidal or wave effects. In such cases, not just different rainfall conditions (varying intensity and duration), but also different sea-levels and their effects on the network operation should be considered. This paper aims to study the behaviour of a seaside town storm sewer network, estimating the threshold condition for flooding and proposing a simplified method to assess the urban flooding severity as a function of climate variables. The case study is a portion of the drainage system of Rimini (Italy), implemented and numerically modelled by means of InfoWorks CS code. The hydraulic simulation of the sewerage system identified the percentage of nodes of the drainage system where flooding is expected to occur. Combining these percentages with both climate variables' values has lead to the definition of charts representing the combined degree of risk "rainfall-sea level" for the drainage system under investigation. A final comparison between such charts and the results obtained from a one-year rainfall-sea level time series has demonstrated the reliability of the analysis.

scholarly journals Development of flood probability charts for urban drainage network in coastal areas through a simplified joint assessment approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 3793-3816 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Archetti ◽  
A. Bolognesi ◽  
A. Casadio ◽  
M. Maglionico
Keyword(s):  
Drainage System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Threshold Condition ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Rainfall Time Series ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Hydraulic Simulation ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Assessment Approach

Abstract. The operating conditions of urban drainage networks during storm events certainly depend on the hydraulic conveying capacity of conduits but also on downstream boundary conditions. This is particularly true in costal areas where the level of the receiving water body is directly or indirectly affected by tidal or wave effects. In such cases, not just different rainfall conditions (varying intensity and duration), but also different sea-levels and their effects on the network operation should be considered. This paper aims to study the behaviour of a seaside town storm sewer network, estimating the threshold condition for flooding and proposing a simplified method to assess the urban flooding severity as a function of either climate variables. The case study is a portion of the drainage system of Rimini (Italy), implemented and numerically modelled by means of InfoWorks CS code. The hydraulic simulation of the sewerage system has therefore allowed to identify the percentage of nodes of the drainage system where flooding is expected to occur. Combining these percentages with both climate variables values has lead to the definition charts representing the combined degree of risk "sea-rainfall" for the drainage system under investigation. A final comparison between such charts and the results obtained from a one-year sea-rainfall time series has confirmed the reliability of the analysis.

Vulnerability of coastal areas to increased aquifer saturation due to climate change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Gauvain ◽  
Ronan Abhervé ◽  
Jean-Raynald de Dreuzy ◽  
Luc Aquilina ◽  
Frédéric Gresselin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The Impact

<p>Like in other relatively flat coastal areas, flooding by aquifer overflow is a recurring problem on the western coast of Normandy (France). Threats are expected to be enhanced by the rise of the sea level and to have critical consequences on the future development and management of the territory. The delineation of the increased saturation areas is a required step to assess the impact of climate change locally. Preliminary models showed that vulnerability does not result only from the sea side but also from the continental side through the modifications of the hydrological regime.</p><p>We investigate the processes controlling these coastal flooding phenomena by using hydrogeological models calibrated at large scale with an innovative method reproducing the hydrographic network. Reference study sites selected for their proven sensitivity to flooding have been used to validate the methodology and determine the influence of the different geomorphological configurations frequently encountered along the coastal line.</p><p>Hydrogeological models show that the rise of the sea level induces an irregular increase in coastal aquifer saturations extending up to several kilometers inland. Back-littoral channels traditionally used as a large-scale drainage system against high tides limits the propagation of aquifer saturation upstream, provided that channels are not dominantly under maritime influence. High seepage fed by increased recharge occurring in climatic extremes may extend the vulnerable areas and further limit the effectiveness of the drainage system. Local configurations are investigated to categorize the influence of the local geological and geomorphological structures and upscale it at the regional scale.</p>

Mapping the soft and ethical dimensions of sea level rise in southern Sweden

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Van Well ◽  
Anette Björlin ◽  
Per Danielsson ◽  
Godefroid Godefroid Ndayikengurukiye ◽  
Gunnel Göransson
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Rising Sea Levels

<p>Sea level rise poses profound challenges within current municipal and regional governance since it requires unusually long planning horizons, is surrounded by great uncertainties, and gives rise to novel ethical challenges. Adaptation to climate change is fundamentally an ethical issue because the aim of any proposed adaptation measure is to protect that which is valued in society. One of the most salient ethical issues discussed in the adaptation literature relates to the distribution of climate related risks, vulnerabilities and benefits across populations and over time. Raising sea-walls is typically associated with high costs and potentially negative ecological impacts as well as substantial equity concerns; managed retreat or realignment often causes problems related to property rights; and migration out of low-lying areas can involve the loss of sense and cultural identity and impact on receiving communities.</p><p>How can the soft and ethical dimensions of rising mean sea levels be characterized and how can their consequences be mapped? To help municipalities to understand the values and ethics attached to measures to deal with long-term rising sea levels in southern Sweden, we are developing a methodology of soft or ethical values to complement to GIS-mapping of coastal vulnerability based on coastal characteristics and socio-economic factors.</p><p>Rather than determining these values a priori, they are being discerned through workshops with relevant stakeholders and in interviews with citizens residing in and utilizing the coastal areas. The methodology attempts to determine the place-based of values within coastal communities with a focus on “whose” values, “what” values, and the long-term or short-term nature of values. It builds on an analytical framework developed to acquire information on the behavior, knowledge, perception and feelings of people living, working and enjoying the coastal areas.  In turn this stakeholder-based information is used to co-create “story maps” as tools to communicate complicated vulnerability analyses, highlight the ethical dimensions of various adaptation measures, raise awareness and aid decisionmakers in taking uncomfortable decisions to “wicked” planning problems around the negative effects of sea level rise, coastal erosion and urban flooding.</p><p>This paper presents the methodological development of the task as well as the results the study in four Swedish municipalities. The representation of the “soft” and ethical values provides an opportunity to help clarify these values to policymakers and increase resilience to rising sea levels.</p>

LEVEL VARIABILITY OF THE SEA OF OKHOTSK COASTAL AREAS AT THE BEGINING OF THE 21ST CENTURY AND ITS REPRESENTATIONIN THE GLOBAL REANALYSIS DATABASES

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-424
Author(s):  
Aleksandr KHOLOPTSEV ◽  
Sergey PODPORIN
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The Sea Of Okhotsk

The paper aims to investigate basic features of modern long-term variations of the Okhotsk Sea level in its coastal areas and establish feasibility of certain retrospective analysis databases usage for determination of mean rates of the above processes. The reanalysis databases considered include Global Ocean Physics Reanalysis GLORYS12v.1 by the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service and ICDC-reanalysis supported by the Integrated Climate Data Center, which provide coverage of the sea in question. The raised problem is of significant interest for physiographers, oceanographers and involved in coastal shipping and marine safety in the Sea of Okhotsk. Long-term sea level variations are most accurately monitored by tide gauge stations, which, however, are scarce along the coast of the sea in question. Less accurate and not uniformly available through easier to use and collect data is the satellite monitoring by radar altimeters. Global retrospective analyses based on mathematical modelling are considered to be an effective instrument to assess sea levels at any given time at any point.

scholarly journals Real-time forecasting urban drainage models: full or simplified networks?

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 2106-2114 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Leitão ◽  
N. E. Simões ◽  
Č. Maksimović ◽  
F. Ferreira ◽  
D. Prodanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Flood Prediction ◽  
Hydraulic Simulation ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Simulation Time

Lead time between rainfall prediction results and flood prediction results obtained by hydraulic simulations is one of the crucial factors in the implementation of real-time flood forecasting systems. Therefore, hydraulic simulation times must be as short as possible, with sufficient spatial and temporal flood distribution modelling accuracy. One of the ways to reduce the time required to run hydraulic model simulations is increasing computational speed by simplifying the model networks. This simplification can be conducted by removing and changing some secondary elements using network simplification techniques. The emphasis of this paper is to assess how the level of urban drainage network simplification influences the computational time and overall simulation results' accuracy. The models used in this paper comprise a sewer network and an overland flow drainage system in both 1D/1D and 1D/2D approaches. The 1D/1D model is used as the reference model to generate several models with different levels of simplifications. The results presented in this paper suggest that the 1D/2D models are not yet suitable to be used in real-time flood prediction applications due to long simulation time, while on the other hand, the simplified 1D/1D models show that considerable reductions in simulation time can be achieved without compromising simulation results (flow and water depth) accuracy.

scholarly journals VARIATION AND TREND OF SEA LEVEL DERIVED FROM ALTIMETRY SATELLITE AND TIDE GAUGE IN CILACAP AND BENOA COASTAL AREAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Amelius Andi Mansawan ◽  
Jonson Lumban Gaol ◽  
James P. Panjaitan
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Satellite Altimetry ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Satellite Altimetry Data

Observation of sea levels continuously is very important in order to adapt the disasters in the coastal areas. Conventionally observations of sea level using tide gauge, but the number of tide gauge installed along the coast of Indonesia is still limited. Altimetry satellite data is one solution; therefore it is necessary to assess the potential and accuracy of altimetry satellite data to complement the sea level data from tide gauges. The study was conducted in the coastal waters of Cilacap and Bali by analysis data Envisat satellite altimetry for period 2003 to 2010 and data compiled from a variety of satellite altimetry from 2006 to 2014. Data tidal was used as a comparison of altimetry satellite data. The altimetry satellite data in Cilacap and Benoa waters more than 90% could be used to assess the variation and the sea level rise during the period 2003-2010. The rate of sea level rise both the data of tidal and satellite altimetry data indicates the same rate was 3.5 mm/year in Cilacap. in Benoa are 4.7 mm/year and 5.60 mm/year respectively.

scholarly journals Predicting the Extent of Inundation due to Sea-Level Rise: Al Hamra Development, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE. A Pilot Project

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Arthur ◽  
G. G. Garland
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Physical Relationship ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
New Information

Abstract As new information is received, predictions of sea-level rise resulting from global warming continue to be revised upwards. Measurements indicate that the rise in sea-level is continuing at, or close to, the worst case forecasts (Kellet et al. 2014). Coastal areas are coming under increasing risk of inundation and flooding as storms are predicted to increase in frequency and severity, adding to the risk of inundation due to higher sea levels. Stakeholders, government agencies, developers and land owners require accurate, up to date information to be able to protect coastal areas. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) along with accurate remote sensing technologies such as LiDAR provides the best means for delivering this information. Using these technologies, this paper predicts the risk posed to a large multi-use development in the emirate of Ras Al Khaimah, UAE. This development, Al Hamra Village, is situated on the coast of the Arabian Gulf. Al Hamra’s physical relationship to the Gulf is in common with other developments in Ras Al Khaimah in its and for this reason has been used as a pilot project. The resulting GIS model shows that Al Hamra is indeed at risk from predicted flood events. How this information can be used as a planning tool for numerous strategies is discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Establishment of a Flood Nomograph in Coastal Areas Considering Sea-Level Rise

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 313-322
Author(s):  
Dong Jun Kim ◽  
Kyung Min Choi ◽  
Yang Ho Song ◽  
Jung Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Flood Forecast ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
Rising Sea Levels

Climate change caused by global warming is raising the average sea level. The rise in sea level leads to an increase in river water levels within the affected range, which increases the possibility of flooding in water due to erosion of outfall to the coast and rivers. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize in advance the risk of occurrence of domestic flooding, which is aggravated by the effect of rising sea levels, and to construct new boundary conditions for predicting urban flooding accordingly. In this study, Flood Nomograph for two research areas was selected in consideration of the regional characteristics of coastal areas and the scenario of sea level rise. As a result of the analysis, as the sea level rose, the amount of flood critical rainfall decreased numerically. It is believed that this study can be used as a necessary basis for improving flood forecast and warning data considering sea level rise in coastal cities in the future.

Sea-level fluctuations and the distributions of some freshwater crayfishes of the genus Engaeus (Decapoda; Parastacidae) in the Bass Strait

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Horwitz
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Freshwater Crayfish ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuations ◽  
Freshwater Organisms ◽  
The Way

The effect of past sea-level fluctuations on the distribution of one species of freshwater crayfish, Engaeus cunicularius, which occurs in coastal areas on both sides of Bass Strait and on several Bass Strait islands, is discussed. A model is proposed to explain the way in which successive rising and falling of sea levels has contributed to the distributions and speciation of some species in the genus Engaeus, and the implications of the model are outlined. Bass Strait is not considered to have acted as a complete barrier to freshwater organisms during periods of lowered sea levels.

scholarly journals STUDY OF SEA LEVEL RISE USING SATELLITE ALTIMETRY DATA IN THE SEA OF DUMAI, RIAU, INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Dewi Ariana ◽  
Cecep Kusmana ◽  
Yudi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Extreme Event ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Climate Extreme ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Satellite Altimetry Data

The impact of the climate change and global warming has hit the entire world, particularly the coastal areas such as the Dumai coastal area which is mainly caused by the sea level rise. Sea level rise is one of the important global issue today. It has been caused by ice melting at the poles, climate extreme event, and land subsidence. This increases the vulnerability effect in coastal areas which threatens human life, especially those living in coastal regions. Sea level rise can be forecasted by satellite imagery like ENVISAT, Topex/ Poseidon, Jason1 and Jason2. Sea level rise was calculated using a linear regression. Monitoring of sea level rise in the sea of Dumai was conducted over a period of 21 years (1993-2014) by taking data from 6 stations. The results show that the average sea level rise reaching 5.33 mm/year happened in Dumai. The rate of SLR lies between 4.72 mm/year to 5.66 mm/year. In 2050, Dumai, Riau is predicted to have an additional sea level of 0.19 m, 0.46 m in 2100 and 0.72 m in 2150. based on the predicted results, dumai should prepare plans to mitigate the rising of sea levels.

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