scholarly journals Potential of kite-borne photogrammetry for decimetric and kilometre square 3D mapping: an application for automatic gully detection

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Feurer ◽  
Olivier Planchon ◽  
Mohamed Amine El Maaoui ◽  
Mohamed Rached Boussema ◽  
Marc Pierrot-Deseilligny
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
3D Mapping ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This work proposes an alternative method to answer the issue of quasi-exhaustive mapping of erosion features on kilometre square areas by remote sensing. This study presents a method to produce decimetric Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) with kite aerial photography and an algorithm to map gully erosion from these DEMs. Kite aerial photography is robust and cheap in comparison to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The use of such a simple apparatus is made possible if the flight angle of the kite is steady. Experimentation and modelling show that this goal can be reached with these two predetermined conditions: the right kite must be used in the right wind and the line must be light and thin. In our study, we used a 10 m2 framed delta kite in 4–5 Beaufort winds using a Dyneema® line of 1 mm in diameter and 0.5 g/m in weigth for image acquisition on the day of experiment. Within two successive flights, 752 images were acquired. The photogrammetric software used was Micmac, an open-source software written and maintained by the French national institute of geographic and forest information (IGN). It allowed to obtain DEM covering 3.18 km2. Geographical reference was given by 8 ground points and 469 independent points were surveyed for validation. Estimated mean error on altitudes was 0.07 m and standard deviation of this error 0.22 m, for a 0.11 m ground sampling distance. In order to illustrate the potential of such detailed DEMs at the watershed scale, a simple gully detection algorithm was briefly described and implemented. As with several others, the method does not refer to the relationship between slope and drainage area but uses local convolution of the DEM. Considering a smoothed DEM as a proxy of the geomorphological process of gullies healing, proposed gully detection algorithm relies on substracting smoothed DEM from the original DEM. The depth of each feature is then estimated and only the bulkier elements are kept as potential gullies. Despite our algorithm detecting undesired artefacts – most of them being man-made structures such as houses and roads – all gully heads and all channels are detected. Therefore results show the benefits of the production and use of decimetric DEMs on an entire kilometre square watershed with kite-borne imagery.

scholarly journals Trust Mediating Reliability–Reliance Relationship in Supervisory Control of Human–Swarm Interactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1237-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Hussein ◽  
Sondoss Elsawah ◽  
Hussein A. Abbass
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Supervisory Control ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Trust In Automation ◽  
The Relationship

Objective This work aims to further test the theory that trust mediates the interdependency between automation reliability and the rate of human reliance on automation. Background Human trust in automation has been the focus of many research studies. Theoretically, trust has been proposed to impact human reliance on automation by mediating the relationship between automation reliability and the rate of human reliance. Experimentally, however, the results are contradicting as some confirm the mediating role of trust, whereas others deny it. Hence, it is important to experimentally reinvestigate this role of trust and understand how the results should be interpreted in the light of existing theory. Method Thirty-two subjects supervised a swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in foraging missions in which the swarm provided recommendations on whether or not to collect potential targets, based on the information sensed by the UAVs. By manipulating the reliability of the recommendations, we observed changes in participants’ trust and their behavioral responses. Results A within-subject mediation analysis revealed a significant mediation role of trust in the relationship between swarm reliability and reliance rate. High swarm reliability increased the rate of correct acceptances, but decreased the rate of correct rejections. No significant effect of reliability was found on response time. Conclusion Trust is not a mere by-product of the interaction; it possesses a predictive power to estimate the level of reliance on automation. Application The mediation role of trust confirms the significance of trust calibration in determining the appropriate level of reliance on swarm automation.

scholarly journals The research of inertial navigation system systematic errors at aerial photography from unmanned aerial vehicles

ScienceRise ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2(14)) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Роман Володимирович Шульц ◽  
Петр Давидович Крельштейн ◽  
Ірина Анатоліївна Маліна
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Inertial Navigation System ◽  
Inertial Navigation ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Aerial Vehicles

scholarly journals Remotely Sensed Water Limitation in Vegetation: Insights from an Experiment with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Easterday ◽  
Chippie Kislik ◽  
Tod E. Dawson ◽  
Sean Hogan ◽  
Maggi Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Flying Height ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Spectral Indices ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
The Relationship

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with multispectral sensors present an opportunity to monitor vegetation with on-demand high spatial and temporal resolution. In this study, we use multispectral imagery from quadcopter UAVs to monitor the progression of a water manipulation experiment on a common shrub, Baccharis pilularis (coyote brush), at the Blue Oak Ranch Reserve (BORR) near San Jose, California. We recorded multispectral data from the plants at several altitudes with nearly hourly intervals to explore the relationship between two common spectral indices, NDVI and NDRE, and plant water content and water potential, as physiological metrics of plant water status, across a gradient of water deficit. An examination of the spatial and temporal thresholds at which water limitations were most detectable revealed that the best separation between levels of water deficit were at higher resolution (lower flying height), and in the morning (NDVI) and early morning (NDRE). We found that both measures were able to identify moisture deficit in plants and distinguish them from control and watered plants; however, NDVI was better able to distinguish between treatments than NDRE and was more positively correlated with field measurements of plant water content than NDRE. Finally, we explored how relationships between spectral indices and water status changed when the imagery was scaled to courser resolutions provided by satellite-based imagery (PlanetScope) and found that PlanetScope data was able to capture the overall trend in treatments but was not able to capture subtle changes in water content. These kinds of experiments that evaluate the relationship between direct field measurements and UAV camera sensitivity are needed to enable translation of field-based physiology measurements to landscape or regional scales.

The Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles to Assess the Intensity of Manifestation of Dangerous Coastal Processes in the Water Protection Zone of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
Olga V. Ivlieva ◽  
Lyudmila A. Bespalova ◽  
Vadim V. Glinka ◽  
Larisa V. Serdyuk ◽  
Alexander A. Chmykhov
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Coastal Processes ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Protection Zone ◽  
Tsimlyansk Reservoir ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Landslide Processes

The water protection zone of the Tsimlyansk reservoir was chosen as the object of research. The subject of the study was the assessment of the intensity of manifestation of dangerous coastal processes of the reservoir: abrasion-latency, erosion activity. A method for monitoring erosion processes in water protection zones of water bodies using a software and hardware complex based on unmanned aerial vehicles and GIS technologies has been developed and tested. The optimal type of digital elevation models has been determined for assessing the density of the erosion net-work, determining the types of banks and the intensity of manifestation of abrasion and landslide processes, measuring the morphometric characteristics of erosional landforms. The types of erosional landforms were determined and the zoning of the territory of the water protection zone of the Tsimlyansk reservoir was carried out according to the density of the erosional dissection of the relief. Studies have shown that the predominant erosional forms of the relief of the water protection zone of the Tsimlyansk reservoir are ravines and gullies. The maximum average value of the density of the erosional network of the relief within the boundaries of the administrative districts of the reservoir coast falls on the Surovikinsky district. In the Kalachevsky district, the maximum value of the density of the erosion network is noted within the water protection zone of the Tsimlyansk reservoir.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Smart Cities

2021 ◽  
pp. 444-477
Author(s):  
Tetiana Shmelova ◽  
Vitalii Lazorenko ◽  
Oleksandr Burlaka
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Area Monitoring ◽  
The City ◽  
Navigation Information ◽  
Estimation Of Risk

In this chapter, the authors are presenting opportunities for the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in town. Methods for the optimization of flight routes of UAVs in the dependence of target tasks in the city are presented, for example, area monitoring; search and rescue operations; retransmission of communication (in places, where the antenna coverage cannot be set due to terrain specifications); organization of logistics as the safe, cheap, and fast transportation method of goods; for aerial photography, for controlling traffic; for the provision of the first aid to people in emergencies; unmanned taxi. It is done using air navigation information and mathematical methods. Authors suggest dynamic programming methods, GRID analyses, expert judgment method, and fuzzy-logic methods for estimation of risk/safety of flights in the city. Optimization of flows and flexible redistribution of UAV routes in multilevel airspace is provided according to air navigation requirements and standards.

Creating Digital Elevation Models Using Budget Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Andrii Achasov ◽  
Arkadiy Siedov ◽  
Alla Achasova ◽  
Ganna Titenko ◽  
Oleg Seliverstov
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Digital Elevation Models ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Digital Elevation

scholarly journals Unmanned Aerial Vehicles—Platforms, Applications, Security and Services

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 975
Author(s):  
Carlos T. Calafate ◽  
Mauro Tropea
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
3D Mapping ◽  
Environment Monitoring ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Signal Coverage

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has attracted prominent attention from researchers, engineers, and investors in multidisciplinary fields such as agriculture, signal coverage, emergency situations, disaster events, farmland and environment monitoring, 3D-mapping, and so forth [...]

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